Bacterial Vaginosis: Treatment and description of the disease

Bacterial vaginosis is a clinical syndrome that does not apply to infections (referring to those that are only sexually transmitted). The syndrome is characterized by an optimal vaginal microflora, which consists of lactobacilli and is interchanged by anaerobic bacteria.

The most common cause of unpleasant odor and vaginal discharge is bacterial vaginosis. Treatment of this disease is desirable to begin at the first manifestations. However, half of all women who have clinical criteria for bakvaginosis have no symptoms. The very cause of changes in the microflora is not clear until the end. Although this disease is not associated with sexual activity, it is often associated with the presence of a large number of sexual partners and is quite rare in women who do not live sexually. However, it is not considered a true, true STD.

The causes of the change (ecological) microflora of the vagina have not been fully studied. Partially it has been shown that bacterial vaginosis (treatment is not complicated) is not specifically transmitted sexually, despite the fact that the frequency of its occurrence is often associated with the number of partners and sexual activity.

Risk factors

Hormonal disorders, the use of any antibacterial therapy, frequent inflammatory processes of the organs in the small pelvis, immunosuppressors, diabetes mellitus (uncompensated).

Symptoms

The main symptoms of bakvaginosis are complaints of unpleasant, abundant leucorrhoeas with a bad odor. The onset of the disease is accompanied by liquid whites, white or with a grayish tinge. If the disease takes a long time, they become yellowish green, become thicker, often resemble granular curd mass, have not the most pleasant property of foaming, sticky, slightly viscous, distributed evenly on the walls of the vagina. Some women note unbearable discomfort, dyspareunia, burning sensation and itching in the vulva. The peculiarity of bacterial vaginosis is the absence of any signs of inflammation (hyperemia, edema) of the vaginal walls. Inside everything (the mucous membrane) looks usually - it is pink in color. And the usual colposcopic picture can be characterized by the presence of only dystrophic changes.

Vaginosis. How to treat?

The standard procedure for the actions of a gynecologist with the diagnosis of "bacterial vaginosis" (the treatment is appointed after the completion of all items):

- a report on the diagnosis of the patient;

- providing her with information about sexual behavior during treatment;

- collection (mandatory) of a sexual anamnesis;

- Discussion with the patient of the need and possibility of testing for other STIs. Vaccination is recommended (it is not mandatory) against hepatitis B;

- identification of all possible predisposing factors and the possibility of their elimination;

If the results from treatment are not available, consider such possible causes:

- Inadequate therapy, non-compliance with treatment;

- false-positive results of the study;

- the presence of other supporting and predisposing factors.

A two-step, gradual method of treatment is used, where the main principle is the creation of the most optimal conditions (physiological) of the vaginal environment and the complete restoration of the microbiocenosis. The first stage involves local antibacterial therapy (clindamycin, levomycetin, metronidazole), laser therapy, any lactic acid is prescribed to lower the pH, according to indications, prostaglandin inhibitors, immunocorrectors and antihistamines, estrogens. If there are pain, itching, burning, some local anesthetic drugs are used. In the second stage, bacterial biological preparations are used: lactobacterin, bifidin, bifidumbacterin, acylactate (topically) for complete recovery of the imperfect microflora of the vagina.

The principal goal of such therapy is to significantly eliminate vaginal symptoms and symptoms. Consequently, almost all women with symptoms need treatment. The bacquaginosis, whose treatment during pregnancy is mistakenly considered undesirable, actually provoke premature birth.

Bacterial vaginosis, treatment for non-pregnant women:

1) Metronidazole 500 mg taken orally 2 r / day - 7 days.

2) Clindamycin cream, 2%, 5g (1 complete applicator) for the night intravaginally - 7 days.

3) Metronidazole gel, 0.75%, 5g (1 complete applicator) intravaginally 1-2 r / day - 5 days.

With adequate therapy, bacterial vaginosis (treatment described above) has a favorable prognosis.