Antennas for the Internet. Satellite dish for internet: price

Satellite Internet is one of the ways to access the global information network. The indicator of successful work on the World Wide Web is the high speed of delivery of the requested information with good quality of its presentation. Due to network congestion, this is not always possible with modem connections based on telephone lines or even dedicated lines. An alternative to wired solutions was the technology using a satellite dish for the Internet.

How it works

The connection is based on the principles of digital satellite broadcasting standard DVB-S: from English Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite (digital video broadcasting via satellite). In accordance with it, operators of satellite systems allocate one or several channels on the satellite to organize high-speed data delivery to users. The equipment requires a TV-Internet antenna, a user terminal, a converter and other devices.

Data transmission is carried out together with signals of television and sound broadcasting and is conducted in the direction of a large number of users in the service area. At the same time, it is possible to address (personally) deliver the requested information from the Internet and stream information (movies, music, news, etc.) to subscriber groups. Receiving data is carried out by a satellite dish for the Internet and transmits to a computer (TV).

Methods of constructing systems

Within the framework of this technology, two interactive ways of constructing systems have spread:

• Combined (hybrid);
• Bidirectional (symmetrical).

In the first (combined) two types of channels are used:

• Ground (reverse) - for the organization of the request;
• Satellite (direct) - to deliver information to users.

In the second method (bi-directional), only satellite channels are used to exchange information in the forward and reverse directions.

Combined method

With a combined method of building systems, a terrestrial channel is a traditional channel. The user's computer connects to the equipment of the local service provider (provider) via a wired modem connection or by radio cellular communication. The response information received via the satellite is received for an individual installation consisting of a satellite dish for the Internet, a low-noise converter, a DVB-PCI card (with the interface for a personal computer) and the PC itself.

Symmetrical method

In the bi-directional method of constructing the system, the user has a subscriber terminal for organizing a request and receiving response information via satellite channels. Ground channels in this version are not required, and terminals can be located in the most remote corners, on the transport. In the case of targeted data delivery, the reverse channel remains on for the entire communication session, which is necessary to organize confirmation of the correctly received information. In the case of streaming, the reverse channel after the request can be disabled, and the requested information is transmitted to the user's computer (in accordance with the identification code) without his participation. To request a streaming information, you can use a mobile phone with data transfer function on the Internet. In this case, again, without a satellite dish for the Internet and related equipment is indispensable.

How to connect using the combined method

First, the subscriber enters into a contract, pays for traffic. Then, a satellite dish is set up for the Internet in the direction of the satellite from which it is supposed to receive. Then you need to run the software and set the parameters of the satellite channel.

Through a modem or cellular network, it communicates with a local Internet provider who, after verifying the access rights to the network, assigns an Internet Protocol (IP address) address unique to the network to the subscriber's computer. User data is sent to the satellite service provider's server to encrypt and send the request to the Internet. The response parameters received from the network are combined into a digital stream with the data of other users and delivered via terrestrial channels to the transmitting station of satellite broadcasting. The station converts the stream into DVB-S format packets, noise-immune encoding, modulation and radio signal transmission to the satellite.

Data transfer speed

The typical data rate of the digital stream is 45-50 Mbit / s. The speed of data towards subscribers changes dynamically depending on their activity, the requested quality of service, the type of services, etc. The average data rate per subscriber is 150-200 kbit / s, the maximum - about 2.5 Mbit / s.

Equipment

On the receiving side, with the help of an individual installation, reception of signals from the satellite is carried out, and at the assigned identification addresses, "identification" of the data intended for the user is made. The antenna-amplifier of the Internet signal is usually offset, with a fixed or tunable method of guidance on the satellite. Its size is indicated at registration, for operation in the Ki-band (10.7-12.75 GHz) is 0.6-1.2 m.

The antenna for the Internet modem is equipped with a converter, which is located in the focus of the antenna and is connected by cable to the DVB-PCI card. It is a simplified digital receiver, adapted for installation in a personal computer. The converter can be universal or dual, with one or two outputs respectively. The second output is usually used to connect a digital receiver for independent viewing of TV programs by other users.

Most DVB-PCI cards are designed for processing Internet data and watching TV on a personal computer. Some of them are retrofitted with a video encoder to supply television programs to the TV, and a conditional access card for installing a subscriber card when receiving coded programs.

How to connect using the bidirectional method

In the system of bi-directional satellite access to the Internet, the request and delivery of information is carried out via satellite communication channels using a subscriber terminal. It consists of two blocks:

• External, intended for transceiving high-frequency signals;
• Internal (indoors) - for digital processing of incoming and outgoing data.

The external unit is located in the focus area of the parabolic antenna for the Internet and is connected to the indoor unit by two coaxial cables. The terminal can operate in different frequency bands allocated for the organization of satellite communications and broadcasting. Request and reception of response data is organized through a central earth station and a satellite located in the geostationary orbit.

The station has access to the network and provides information exchange, control and management of all subscriber terminals in the service area. In addition to data processing, the terminals are capable of receiving TV programs, audio broadcasting signals and establishing telephone and facsimile communications.

Members List

All terminals are equipped with typical network interfaces for working in local networks. The main consumers of services provided by this technology are banks, government agencies, industrial companies, telecom operators.

The obstacle for the mass introduction of this technology in the CIS countries is the problem of issuing permits for the right to work in the satellite network, a high subscription fee for the services provided, an expensive antenna for the Internet, whose price ranges from 2000 (the simplest version) to 10,000 or more rubles. But the main barrier remains the high cost of subscriber terminals for private users (about 2-2,5 thousand conventional units). Therefore, the technology of satellite communication with the use of subscriber terminals has been applied to corporate users.