Zoonotic disease "ornithosis" in humans

Ornithosis is a zoonotic infectious disease. The source of infection with this disease is birds. Ornithosis in humans occurs in an acute form with the defeat of the respiratory system and general intoxication. From person to person, infection is rarely transmitted.

Etiology and pathogenesis

Ornithosis in humans causes the causative agent of Chlamydophila Psittaci, which refers to chlamydia, which many experts consider to be a transitional form between bacteria and viruses (neo-cartesia). Infection occurs when people come in contact with sick birds that are carriers of infection, as well as infected objects. Neo-rhetetracii can enter the body airborne, airborne, contact (through damaged epidermis and mucous membranes), and also alimentary (with infected food). Ornithosis in humans during diagnosis may not be associated with recent contact with birds. The fact is that the pathogen can be stored outside the carrier's body (in the external environment) for up to 3 weeks.

Course of the disease

The incubation period lasts on average 7-16 days. Ornithosis in humans (typical form) begins acutely. Against the background of good health and full health, a chill appears, the body temperature rises sharply to 39-40 ° C, and sometimes this boundary passes. From the first hours of manifestation of the disease, a severe headache, weakness, general weakness, pain in the muscles of the extremities and back are observed in a person.

After 2-4 days, the symptoms of the bronchopulmonary system appear: dry cough, then a small amount of purulent sputum (often with an admixture of blood). Sometimes there are stitching pains in the chest, which increase with breathing. Ornithosis in humans is accompanied by a general intoxication. Body temperature, as a rule, keeps at the initial level, and sometimes slightly increases.

By the end of the first week, most patients have an increase in the spleen and liver in the absence of jaundice. Intoxication lasts 7-10 days, and then begins to gradually subside.

Even after the disappearance of the fever, the patient's well-being does not come back to normal for a long time - this is characterized by ornithosis in humans. Symptoms of general weakness and rapid fatigue with minor physical exertion, as a rule, continue for a long time. There are also vegetative-vascular disorders. With moderate and severe forms of the disease, the patient's strength is fully restored not earlier than in 8-12 weeks. In some people, the disease can go into a chronic form.

Treatment

Patients are prescribed antibacterial drugs (tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones). Symptomatic therapy consists in the appointment of antipyretics, mucolytics, cardiac glycosides and antitussive drugs. Since ornithosis is a disease that is very hard to tolerate by the body, the patient needs general restorative medications and pathogenetic therapy: antioxidants, multivitamin complexes, immunomodulators, metabolites, plant adaptogens, cytokine and antihistamines, probiotics. An effective vaccine against ornithosis does not exist to date, and the transferred disease does not lead to the formation of a permanent immunity to the causative agent.