Zero energy: definition, examples, practical significance

Very often we hear about how it would be good if there was a perpetual motion machine. No year can not do without a wise man picking up his "perpetual motion machine" in the basement. But in the end each of them turns out to be either non-working or working at the expense of some external force, and then it is no longer eternal, since without external influence it will not function. All this is built on one simple law of conservation of energy. Therefore, first we will talk about him. And we will begin with history.

History of the Law

Here you can start to tell from the times of the ancient world. Even ancient philosophers gave the prerequisites for understanding this simple truth: energy does not appear from nowhere, but is transformed from one form to another.

In the Middle Ages, Rene Descartes wrote in his Principles of Philosophy: " When one body encounters another, it can only impart to it so much movement as it itself will lose, and take away from it only as much as it increases its own movement."

A little later, in a letter to Leonard Euler, Lomonosov expressed a similar point of view. He said that if in one place the matter disappears, then in the other it must certainly appear.

In the nineteenth century, Michael Faraday, who studied electrochemical phenomena, made similar conclusions, realizing that electric current can have magnetic, electrodynamic, chemical and thermal effects.

For many centuries, scientists one after another have proved the inviolability of this law: James Joule, Hermann Helmholtz, Robert Mayer. All of them have proved that energy can not simply disappear somewhere: it simply passes into different forms. Of course, this law categorically denies the existence of perpetual motion machines, since this would mean the possibility of producing energy from nowhere.

Well, now a few theoretical calculations and justifications of the above theses.

Theory

The general justification of the energy conservation law is rather complicated and cumbersome. It includes formulas with partial differential equations. Therefore, we confine ourselves to considering particular cases of the law of conservation of energy.

In classical mechanics, Newton's second law operates, which states that the resultant of all forces applied to the body is equal to the product of the mass for acceleration.

In thermodynamics this law is expressed by the first principle. It says: the change in the internal energy of the system is equal to the sum of the energies expended on the transition, and the heat released in this process.

In addition to these two disciplines, special cases of the law of conservation of energy are manifested in quantum mechanics, in hydrodynamics, and in optics. They are not so easy to understand, but it all comes down to one thing: all energy is transformed into another form and can not be created from nothing.

It's time to move on to the main topic of our article, namely, to what is the zero point energy.

Zero point theory

Such a concept as zero-point energy has long been used by science fiction writers to describe the technology of time travel. And until recently, this did not agree with the actual results. In reality, the zero point and its energy are not always considered in the right understanding. Many understand this as an infinite spatial energy that can be translated into usable species and used. In fact, this is not so.

The energy of the zero point, the free energy of the vacuum - all these are the names of the energy form that has not yet been studied, which is space-time and is contained in the cosmic void at the level of matter. In fact, today we can not look at this level, so we can not confirm this theory.

Using this hypothesis, many scammers collect devices that allegedly "pump" the energy of the vacuum and turn it into electricity. People who do not understand anything about this, willingly believe a convincing video with different perpetual motion machines.

Let's talk about this in more detail and find out what tricks the new-found kulibins use today.

All around cheating

Free energy in the pursuit of the zero point has become a term identical to the eternal engine. And scams try to cash in on this. Many of them faithfully believe in their inventions, which at best causes laughter on the part of the scientific community. But the scientific community is one thing. And completely different - the public and ordinary inhabitants. Scammers very cleverly entice ordinary people who understand little in physics, promising them "infinite energy", taken from the "ether."

But all this is just a way to make money. The most successful fraudster to date is John Searle, whose generator allegedly has more than 100% efficiency. Like any "hero", he has a difficult fate. When he launched his first generator, a few years later he was put in jail for stealing electricity. A few years later he left, and now with new strength struggles for the deceived minds of the public and businessmen who finance this nonsense.

But let's not be unfounded, and in the next section we will tell you how generators work based on such phenomena as zero point energy, antigravity and free energy.

Scam Generator Scheme

The Searl generator works with permanent magnets. And this is not the first and not the last design of the perpetuum mobile, based on magnetic fields. But, unlike the previous kulibins that collect the engine without justification, where does the energy come from, John Searle promotes the theory that this zero point energy field drives the magnets and provides rotation.

In fact, this is a simple interaction of magnetic fields, leading to the rotation of small neodymium magnets around one large magnet. But the whole point is that as long as these magnets do not rotate, the energy from their rotation needs to be extracted somehow, otherwise it will lead to nothing. And the extraction of energy will lead to a complete halt of the entire structure. Also, a factor that does not play into the hands of perpetual motion machines is energy loss due to friction, which inevitably occurs in any design. And then no zero point energy will help. The circuit of the zero-generator, if you look at it carefully, will prove to be just a fake, where instead of electric converters of rotational energy there are installations ensuring the working capacity of the entire structure due to external power supply.

And why, in fact, this design has no right to exist? In the pictures of the Searl generator, we see clearly several magnetic cylinders located opposite other magnets (or rather, electromagnets, powered by a battery). It is claimed that when the cylinders rotate, the magnets around the perimeter of the installation will push them in the direction of motion, thereby ensuring rotation. But the rotation will occur only until the energy of rotation, applied by the hand of a person for the promotion of the installation, terminates in the system. At some point, each cylinder will fall into a magnetic hole - that is, in an area where the forces of attraction and repulsion from other magnetic fields are reduced to zero, and the cylinder can not move.

And, in fact, why is this all done? Yes, only for two things: to convince businessmen and beat investment (that is, steal money and throw them away), and to become famous.

It is also claimed that, in addition to the perpetual motion machine, the generators on the "Searle effect" (the fraudster himself called his own name the invented effect) are able to create an anti-gravity field, and with a sufficiently large volume of installation, it can hang in a meter above the ground. This is not supported by anything and there are no video materials proving it.

Sea of charlatans

But John Searle is not alone. And in Russia there are people who sincerely believe in the existence of the ether and the fact that the inventor of such a phenomenon as the zero point energy is Tesla, who allegedly did not transmit electricity at a distance to other objects, but drew it from the ether. Firstly, the theory of ether has become obsolete and is not accepted by any respected scientist. Why? Because for more than a hundred years it has not received any confirmation and is recognized as insolvent. A more similar to reality theory of boiling vacuum also remains unproven. You will say that if the theory is not proved - this is not a reason for the inconsistency of the generator, which uses its laws, because it is possible after all that in the end this theory will be proved. But no. In the physics of the magnetic field, people have already done quite well, and one can say with confidence that there is no question of any field of zero-point energy. And if such developments really could exist, no one could hide it from the public.

We understood that the zero-point energy, anti-gravity and so on are the concepts of charlatans. If you hear something like this - do not even go into the explanations, just go away and close your ears. Do not let yourself be deceived. Now let's look at slightly more real hypotheses and theories that operate with the concept of "zero point", but do not give a chance at all for the existence of a perpetual motion machine.

Reality

By zero energy in physics we mean the minimum energy level on which a physical system can exist. As a rule, this concept is operated in quantum mechanics to describe the energy that fills the vacuum and space-time. This is the minimum energy possible for a given area of space.

These concepts are not what the scientific community accepts, but are included in the theory to explain certain things, for example, the cosmological constant. But no one has yet expressed versions or hypotheses about how to convert a value such as zero point energy into a form that is accessible to us.

There is a so-called theory of boiling vacuum. And it is very well developed and has a good experimental base. This theory allows us to explain the Casimir effect, which consists in the mutual attraction of two uncharged bodies in a vacuum. It is explained by the fact that electromagnetic waves constantly appear and disappear in empty space, and they are able to act on objects. In the space between the two plates a small amount of waves is absorbed due to resonance. Thus, on the outside, more fluctuations are applied to the plates than inside, and the plates are attracted.

These are all very interesting theories that are seriously perceived by scientists and are really promising for further development in order to explain some physical phenomena. But they all say one thing: the zero point is not a panacea. To extract energy from the vacuum, you need to spend as much, if not more, another energy. All this follows from the unshakable law of conservation of energy, for which to date thousands of proofs have been found, but not a single refuting fact.

Despite all the arguments and justifications, there are people who claim quite the opposite. They operate with fictitious data and experiments and almost never support their reflections with theory, but only demonstrate allegedly operating installations that are able to fuel a whole cottage community. All these are deceivers and scammers. ни в чём не будем себе отказывать. They say that if we all use the mythical technology of zero point energy, we can open the way to a new future with infinite sources of energy and will not deny ourselves anything. But everything is not so rosy.

Next, let's talk about the methods of fighting such charlatans.

Knowledge is power

The main reason that such people exist and can deceive us is the illiteracy of the population and a holy belief in the existence of an endless source of free energy. After all, you see, everyone wants to have in their home an inexhaustible source of energy to feed them whatever they want, and even sell something that they could not use. But alas, free energy does not exist, and will not exist. From nothing, it can not be obtained, and the efficiency of transforming one form into another never exceeds 100%. And this is a law that no one can refute.

Another utopia, which promises, among other things, the Searle generator is antigravitation. This is discussed in more detail in the next section.

Antigravity

Two forces acting on a charge in a magnetic field, attraction and repulsion, are also applicable to an uncharged body located in the field of gravitational pleasure. The nature of gravity is still poorly understood, and it is assumed the existence of particles that provide it - gravitons. Also interesting is that according to the theory of relativity, the structure of space-time and gravity are very strongly related to each other and the physical characteristics of bodies in space. Although these two forces are connected, nothing is known about anti-gravity, that is, on the contrary, not attraction, but repulsion of bodies from each other. It is possible that in our measurement, antigravity is impossible because of the specific structure of the substance. But antigravitation may well be possible with the interaction of antimatter. In any case, we know little about all these phenomena.

But our knowledge is vast enough to say with certainty that no magnetic phenomena can create an antigravity field, a black hole, or other nonsense. This is another blunder for the creators of perpetual motion machines, which assure that their machines, in addition, have the property of anti-gravity.

Conclusion

It has already been said a lot about scammers and people who believe in their own right. It was said about why this is happening. But for a long time the 21st century has come, in which fewer people believe in fairy tales about zero energy and perpetual motion. Less and less people are now engaged in such nonsense, but still there are such units as, for example, John Searle, who have been artificially deceiving people for dozens of years.

People can be stubborn and stand on their own, but science and common sense should be higher and not let charlatans deceive ordinary people.