Who wrote "Neznayka"? Nikolai Nikolayevich Nosov - Soviet children's writer

Nikolai Nikolayevich Nosov is a well-known writer, on whose stories and stories many citizens of our country have grown up. Indeed, who did not laugh at Mishka, trying to catch a runaway porridge, or over Barbos, composing fables to boast to fellow Bobik. A Flower City with its inhabitants has become a real children's world, which almost every child dreams of. According to the works of Nosov films were shot, cartoons are produced, books continue to be published. All because the writer is interesting to children, he teaches young readers simple truths in understandable language, gives examples that are close to them.

Nikolai Nosov is an outstanding children's writer

Like many writers, Nosov reveals his talent for writing gradually. He composes short stories to entertain the little boy and his friends. Later Nikolai Nikolaevich comes to the idea that this is what he wants to do in life. Along with this comes the understanding of how difficult it is to write for a children's audience, because it is necessary to be erudite in many areas, including the psychology of small readers.

This is how Nosov began his professional career. The first stories appear before the Great War, in 1938. However, active creativity develops after the Victory, since 1945. It was then that young readers get acquainted with Mishka, Kolya Sinitsyn, Vitey Maleev (for the story of him, Nosov was awarded the Stalin Prize).

His stories and stories unobtrusively educate small readers, encourage friendship, kindness, diligence, honesty and condemn laziness, lies, pretense, disrespect for parents and teachers.

Together with stories about schoolboys there are also fairy tales about wonderful characters - short men, inhabitants of the Flower city. These tales are especially popular with children, because they are simple, sincere and full of pure children's humor. The author of Neznayki was able to grasp subtly, in what language to communicate with a young audience, what images to present in order to achieve not only a sustained interest, but also pedagogical goals.

Biographical information

Nikolai Nosov, the one who wrote "Neznaika" and many other famous books, was born near Kiev in 1908. His father was an actor by trade, but due to circumstances he was forced to work on the railway in addition to his specialty.

Since childhood, the future writer has a love for creative activity: he is carried away by playing the violin, he likes to visit the theater with pleasure, likes to photograph. Unfortunately, like all children of that time, Nosov quickly grew up. The hungry years that began after the First World War and the Civil War forced Nicholas to go to work, so that the family did not starve to death.

Having graduated from the seven-year school, Nosov for some time looking for himself, finally at the age of 19 enters the Kiev Art Institute. Having studied there for two years, he is transferred to the Moscow Institute of Cinematography. Nosov remains faithful to his favorite business: from 1938 to 1951 he is engaged in the production of films for children and youth.

Shorties - heroes of books about Neznayka

The first work describing the adventures of Dunno, was a short story "Screw, Shpuntik and vacuum cleaner." Afterwards, after seeing how the short-sighted characters became fond of readers, Nosov wrote the famous fairy-tale trilogy. He becomes the one who wrote "Neznaika" and introduced the young readers to him.

It is noteworthy that Nosov devotes the first book from the trilogy to his second wife, Tatyana. They had no children (Peter's son was from his first marriage). At the beginning of the writer's career, Nosov is not yet known, as the one who wrote "Neznayka." His stories about ordinary schoolchildren, quite the same as the audience reading works. However, even then the writer has a plan to write a work with a fairytale story.

In 1952, while in Minsk, Nosov shared an idea with the editor of the magazine Barvinok, Bogdan Chaly. The last idea about the town of shorties is so inspired that he suggests Nosov to release chapters from the book gradually, publishing them in the magazine. So the writer goes: in 1953-1954 in the "Barvinka" is the first book of the trilogy describing the adventures of Dunno.

What are they, shorty? These are small men, no larger than a cucumber. There are among them individuals of male and female sex. They live in their cities: the Flower, the Sun. All short men are busy with business: they invent, prepare, treat others, paint, write poems or music. In their midst a special leader (Znayka), erudite in everything, stands out. To him the little ones listen. Heroes of "Neznaika" have very interesting names: by their belonging to the profession (Vintik, Shpuntik, Pilyulkin), by character or special physical qualities: Donut (full, eats), Toropyzhka, Avoska.

According to small phrases and episodes the reader learns that shorty people can die (for Dunno they were afraid that he lies "as if dead"), there are related relations between them: Avoska and Neboska are siblings.

In the quiet, measured life of shorties brings dissonance Dunno, he is as opposed to everyone, because he is not engaged in any particular business, he either interferes with others, or gets into ridiculous situations. Around this, the stories of all three fairy tales are built.

The first part of the trilogy about the adventures of Dunno

The first part tells about the unsuccessful flight of shorties on a balloon, which Znayka designed. So it turns out that they get into an accident. It all happened as follows: during the flight on the ball, a malfunction occurs. Znayka decides that shorties need to leave the ball and jump down. He shows an example, but after his jump the ball starts to rise again. Dunno misleads everyone, saying that it should be so. Everyone calms down, but the situation again gets out of hand and the ball is broken.

Slightly affected shorties fall into the hospital of the Green City, where they are under the strict control of Dr. Medunitsa. We can say that the heroes are kept in confinement. All except Dunno. He is found far from the rest. Unconvincing little man begins to shamelessly deceive the inhabitants of the Sun City, telling that it was he who came up with the balloon project, convinces everyone of his enlightenment in many sciences, including artistic talent and singing.

So life flows in the Green City, until Znaika appears. It turns out that all this time he was looking for his friends. Cheating Dunno is revealed, everyone declares a boycott to him, but soon they are forgiven and allowed to visit the general ball. Soon, the shorts of the Flower City realize that it's time to return home. On return, Neznayka decides to change, he reconciles with his friend Gunka and begins to self-educate.

The book about the adventures of Dunno in Sunny City

"Neznayka in Sunny City" - another part about the adventures of the unlucky little man. Here Nosov presents a completely different meaning. Through the magical adventures of the already known characters of Neznaika and Knokka Nosov introduces young readers to an absolutely perfect city and social system. It becomes clear that the one who wrote "Neznaika" wanted to show the guys on a concrete example what the concept "communism" means. The element of magic emphasizes the unattainability of such a system in reality.

Indeed, in the Sunny City a progressive atmosphere reigns: residents do not know what money is, but everyone has a personal car, there is no division into classes - all are equal, everyone does what they like.

Nosov pays special attention to such a concept as conscience, he even materializes it: Dunno conducts dialogues with her every night.

The Tale of "Neznayka on the Moon"

The last part of the trilogy "Neznayka on the Moon" - a kind of story about the capitalist system. It was a kind of satirical outline of this social system.

Neznaika along with Donut, hijacking a missile designed by Znayka, fall on the Moon and plunge into the cruelty of the Lunar Society, where inequality, corruption, everything is sold and bought, oligarchs rule the society. As a result, the heroes fall on the Duratsky Island, from where, half alive, the expedition from the Flower City rescues.