What the human hair consists of

For any person, regardless of age and sex, the adornment is the hair. They protect our head from overheating, hypothermia, but in order for them to look great and have a healthy appearance, proper care is needed. And in order to properly care for and not damage, you need to know what the hair consists of.

The basis of the hair

The nature is arranged so that after a hairstyle hair in any case grow. But someone has this process is fast, and someone is slightly slower. It depends on what state they are in.

We will find out what the human hair consists of and what causes the damage. A frequent cause of damage can be natural natural phenomena and improper care. Restoration in many cases occurs naturally, by growing new strands, but it will also be important to use special cosmetic procedures for healing.

The structure of the hair

Before you try to apply procedures such as painting, curling, or combing, you need to find out what the human hair on the head consists of.

The hair has a structure similar to a tree, that is, it is a trunk, in our case a rod, and a root. The root is located under the skin, in other words, under the dermis layer, and ends in the hair bulb, and the stem is appropriately located on the surface of the skin. In the hair sac is a hair follicle - has the name of the follicle, there are also sebaceous glands. They are responsible for gloss and elasticity. In the case of a small secretion of secretion from the sebaceous glands, the hair loses its vitality and looks dim. Also, a strong secretion is not welcome, in this case the hair quickly becomes dirty and greasy.

We all feel touching to the hair, a torn hair sends a signal to the brain about the pain, and even at the moment of fear or cold the hair stands on end. For all these functions, the nerve endings located at the root of the hair follicle correspond.

Human hair: chemical composition

The protein of keratin is contained in the hair 79%.

Water - 15%.

Lipids - 6%.

Proceeding from the fact that the hair mainly consists of keratin, and, as is known, keratin is a protein, consists of amino acids, is enriched with trace elements and vitamins, its combination is a chain of cross-bridges of amino acid residues. Thanks to them, the hair becomes dense, elastic and elastic. In addition to all of the above, hair curls contain from 4% fatty substances, such as cholesterol. Melanin is contained in each organism in different ratios and is responsible for pigmentation. The color of hair depends on the chemical composition. The darker the hair, the more carbon it contains and less oxygen, in the light curls it's the other way round.

The cuticle consists of plates of small thickness, and they come one after another. Tightly encircles the cerebral cortex to provide protection. Young hair has about 10 layers, but they are gradually decreasing due to wear. The top layer of the cuticle is covered with a lipid layer. It includes not only fatty acids, but also wax esters. He is very sensitive to the sun's rays, and frequent and long-term exposure to the scorching rays of the sun will lead to its destruction.

While we moisten the hair, the cuticles of the cuticle are raised from the wetness, and combing of wet hair is not recommended to avoid damage. In the case where it is necessary to comb them, you need to use air conditioners, oils or gels that will glue the scales and keep them from damage.

Hair is a reflection of what we eat, remember this when you want something not very useful. In addition, the environment also acts on locks.
Now we know what elements make up the hair, this will simplify our care and care for them.

Principle of hair growth

Hair growth in each person is individual and proceeds in a cyclic form. One cycle lasts for several years, followed by a three-month rest period. During this period, the old hair follicles die, this leads to its fall, but on this place new young ones grow up.

What does the hair on the head consist of and what are the main phases observed when falling out:

1. Anagen is the most active of all. In this phase, the formation and structure of the hair occurs.
2. Katagenovaya - is a transition phase. In other words, hair dying occurs, and lasts up to three months.
3. Telogenovaya - the final phase and calm. At this stage, the old hair falls out, freeing the way for a new one. There are cases when at this stage the old hair falls out, and the new ones can not get through, as skin disease can occur, which leads to the loss of the bulb.

Some facts of the process of "hair growth"

1. No one can determine the exact amount of hair on the head of a person. The history of mankind knows only that about one hundred thousand people are growing in one shift cycle.
2. Hair in an adult and a child are different in density. The older the person, the denser they are with him. You can look at the figure of an adult's hair and a child, and determine the density with the naked eye.
3. One hair can grow to a meter in length, then comes the rest phase, which can last up to three months, later there are new follicles.
4. At a time, about 90% of human hair can be in the growth stage, and the remaining 10% in the stage of rest.

Hair and their properties

Elastic and strong are considered healthy curls. When you stretch this hair for one-fifth of its entire length, it will not break, and then return to its original state. By strength, this type of hair is equated with aluminum, which allows them to withstand loads.

The article is devoted to the question of what makes up human hair, let's also analyze why curls quickly absorb water. Human hair is so constructed that it has the ability to absorb not only water, but also absorb water vapor, glycerin, animal and vegetable fats. Do not absorb substances such as mineral oils, petroleum jelly, they remain on the surface. These properties are taken into account in the manufacture of therapeutic masks and various hair care products. The ability of hair to absorb water can be explained by a number of important properties for them. For example, as we already know, curls elongate during wetting, or during humidity in the environment. Hair can swell, absorbing about 10 to 25 percent of water. The increased volume is an indicator of absorptive capacity.

Hair structure and variety

It is worth noting that the structure and variety are interrelated. Before we disassemble what the hair consists of in relation to the variety, it is necessary to make out what kinds of basic species stand out:

1. Pushkin's hair.
2. Long.
3. Bristly.

Classify by fat content:

1. Oily hair - they are characterized by the activity of the sebaceous glands. A greasy shine on the scalp is identified, equated with rapid contamination and have an untidy appearance in a short period of time.
2. Dry - they are characterized by a low activity of the sebaceous glands. The dryness on the scalp is revealed, the tips and the hair shaft are quickly broken.
3. Normal hair - look healthy, have a soft core, resilient. Skin condition is normal.

The transitional type of hair, in shape resembles:

1. Straight lines.
2. Wavy.
3. Curly.

The structure of each of them practically does not differ, the main difference is the property of the follicle. You know what the hair consists of, which means that we should know that we can not change its root structure, its full structure and, of course, the scalp of a person. All these above-mentioned characteristic properties are laid in each genetically, therefore external influence is powerless. The only thing that can be corrected with proper care is the fat content of the scalp and curls, hair loss and disappearance of the follicles will also decrease.

What the hair consists of

That part of the hair on the head of the person, which is located on the upper part of the skin, is called the core, and which is hidden under the skin - the root. At the end of the root there is an extension, it is a hairy bulb, where the main process of human hair growth takes place. Nutrition provides the follicle.

The rod has a structure of three layers. The first layer is the core of the hair, it contains dead cells. The second layer is a cortical substance that is responsible for the color of the hair covering. And the third layer is the cuticle, it consists of keratinized cells, which are laid one on top of the other.

What the hair and nails consist of

The nail consists of a nail plate, the basis of which is keratin. In other words, it is a protein that is present in the skin, and hair is already formed from it. In nails and hair, the density of keratin is based on the presence of a large amount of sulfur. The amount of sulfur in the body can differ not only because of its presence, but also to surrender through the hereditary line. Thanks to this, many people have a nail plate more dense and the nails become stronger.

Shine and elasticity nail plate gives a layer of fat and water. The nail has the property, like hair, to absorb water, thereby increasing the thickness of the nail plate. Therefore, with frequent contact with water, the hair becomes thicker and softer. Healthy nails give the content of trace elements, such as chromium, phosphorus, zinc. Remember that with diets the growth of nails slows down and at the same time blood circulation and metabolism are disrupted.

Substances responsible for feeding the roots of human hair

Important for the roots of the hair is nutrition, it is responsible for four amino acids:

Cystine - gives the hair sulfur, it promotes the formation of keratin. When eating vegetables, milk, meat, you can be sure of the abundance of cystine in the root of the hair.

Histidine - for the body as an anti-stress, helps renew the keratinized tissues. Contained in products such as soy, cheese, peanuts.

Tyrosine - ensures the normal working capacity of the thyroid gland, protects the hair from brittleness and loss, is responsible for the color of hair and skin. Contained in food: almond, sesame seeds, avocado.

Lysine - is necessary for growth and restoration of integument of tissues, it is responsible for healthy curls of hair. Does not accumulate in the body. Contained in products: lentils, soybeans, wheat germinated sprouts, fish protein and meat.

Proper nutrition will give your hair a healthy and luxurious look.