What is cementation of soils and where is it used?

Cementation of soils is used to impart stability to the soil for the subsequent erection of buildings or other improvement of the territory. The technique is relevant for terrain prone to erosion and landslides. The procedure is often performed in marshy areas, near water bodies or in areas with high groundwater levels.

Among all the methods used to strengthen the soil, cementation of soils is the most common method. It is among the most affordable, but no less effective than other similar methods, and contributes to an increase in the bearing capacity of the soil, which allows to increase the service life of buildings.

Application area

Cementation of soils is often used in the construction industry for:

1. Designing buildings on unstable soil.
2. Works of repair work in sewerage facilities.
3. Temporary or permanent strengthening of underground excavations.
4. Strengthening of existing foundations.
5. Strengthening of karst ground.

Strengthening of soils by cementation method fills natural cavities in the soil, thereby increasing its strength. This technique is also relevant for the unplanned detection of a zone of high-mobility soil during the construction of buildings.

Design

Geology for construction plays an important role. When designing a building, much attention is paid to the quality of the soil, the location of groundwater and other factors that can reduce the operational life of the building. When designing grouting, it is important to determine the following points:

• The anchoring zones and the bearing capacity of the soil.
• Method of cementation of soils. It can range from a low-cost option with self-drilling of wells and injecting a solution with an injector before using expensive equipment.
• Composition and amount of cement mortar. Directly depends on the desired result, the initial density of the soil, the grade of cement and additional plasticizers and accelerators.
• Quality control of work performed. To perform it, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil are tested after cementation.

These items will help to carry out the procedure in the most qualitative and least costly manner.

Jet ground cementation

It is a method of strengthening cement injection through injectors in drilled wells. As a result of construction work, cement piles are formed, which if desired can be further reinforced with metal rods.

In the course of the work, water-cement mortar, air and water are supplied separately, which, when hardened, create a cement cage. In this case, the drill monitor displays complete information about the procedure.

Advantages of jet carburizing

The advantages of this method include:

• High productivity - fast work;
• The possibility of carrying out work on individual sections of the soil both above and below the groundwater level;
• High quality of the conducted process;
• Absence of noise and vibration, which allows to perform certain actions even in conditions of a densely populated residential area;
• With the help of small drilling rigs, it is possible to carry out manipulations inside the building.

These advantages are taken into account when choosing the method of strengthening unstable soils.

Strengthening foundations

The carburizing method is often used to strengthen existing bases. At the same time, the foot of the foundation receives additional support, which prevents the appearance of cracks on the walls and the complete collapse of the building.

The drilling rig has increased mobility, which allows it to be placed near the building. The small size and mobile mast equipment allows you to work without increased noise and vibration.

The foundation sole is reinforced with the help of such types of cement:

• Portland;
• Slag Portland cement;
• aluminous;
• Sulfate-resistant;
• Plugging;
• Slag-alkali.

These grades contain small particles that are able to fill the cavity of even a small size.

Cement injection technology

Geology for construction helps to determine the quality of soils to determine further actions to strengthen them. The standard cementation technology is as follows:

1. Drilling a well with a diameter of 112-132 mm at a given depth.
2. Boom lifting with the supply of cement mortar, air, water and simultaneous rotation for better distribution of the composition. The cement mortar fills all cavities in the soil.
3. Full extraction of the drilling rig and immersion in the hardened cement reinforcing bar from iron rods to achieve better soil consolidation. Actually, with a great risk of landslides, for example, when the reservoir is close to a high level of groundwater.
4. The construction is left for several weeks until the solution solidifies completely. At this time it is important to suspend all construction work to prevent the integrity of the resulting concrete reinforcement pile.

During drilling, the composition is fed under high pressure, which ensures its penetration into deep layers of the soil. By the jet technology of carburizing, foundations, foundations of foundation pits and brittle horizontal elements can be fixed.

The application of the method of cementation of soils significantly improves the characteristics responsible for their stability. After this procedure, you can build complex structures, without fear of cracking the foundation and the complete collapse of buildings.