What is an automatic transmission device

All classic automatic gearboxes include several devices. The most important of them are:

- mechanical planetary gearbox ;

- the hydrotransformer.

Of course, the operating principle of the automatic box is rather difficult, but it's worth knowing. So, the hydrotransformer, working, performs several functions at once. It is also a clutch, and also (depending on the speed of the wheels) changes the torque. The automatic transmission device is directly dependent on this element, which includes a centrifugal pump and a centripetal turbine, as well as a directing reactor apparatus located between them. Due to the fact that the pump and turbine are very close, the torque converter has small dimensions, which means that the energy lost to the flow of the fluid is reduced.

The automatic transmission device is designed so that the pump wheel communicates with the crankshaft, while the turbine continuously works with the transmission shaft . Due to this, power is supplied from the engine to the transmission by fluid streams. These flows occur when it is dropped from the pump blades onto the turbine blades.

In contrast to the hydraulic coupling, a reactor has been added to the device of the automatic gearbox with a hydrotransformer. It is a wheel on which the blades are located, but it is motionless until a certain point. The automatic transmission device provides for the location of the reactor in the path of oil return from the turbine to the pump. Due to the fact that the blades of this apparatus have a special shape, and the channels between them gradually taper, as the velocity of the fluid increases, it starts to eject and gets on the pump wheel, thereby pushing it to more intensive work.

Many now thought, well, then what is the gearbox, if such a device as a torque converter, copes well with the task of a turning point. However, it is worth noting that the ride back has not been canceled yet and the separation of the engine and driving wheels is also sometimes necessary. The thing is that for the correct operation of the transmission, the torque coefficient that is produced by the torque converter is not enough.

Although the automatic transmission device has the same gearing as the usual mechanics, however, the principle of operation differs significantly. The mechanical transmission gearbox creates a power flow rupture, which can not be said for an automatic machine where multi-plate friction clutches or tape brakes are actuated by hydraulics. Also, there is no need to select the desired speed transfer, since it is selected by itself depending on how fast the machine moves. For this purpose, an electronic unit and a hydraulic unit are integrated in the automatic transmission.

Thanks to the multitude of functions, it is possible to select a certain mode, for example, a sport mode, which will switch gears in a certain way. Or on the roads with poor conditions, you can install a limiter that will not allow the automatic box to rise above the speed determined by the driver.

In addition to the above mentioned mechanisms, the automatic gearbox includes an oil pump and a coolant cooler.