Vladikavkaz: the population, photo. The population of Vladikavkaz

One of the most beautiful cities of the North Caucasus is Vladikavkaz. The population here is hospitable and friendly. This city is inhabited by quite a large number of people of different nationalities and religions. Let's learn in detail the main demographic indicators that characterize the population of Vladikavkaz.

Geographical position

Let's immediately know the geographical position of this locality, before we start to study the indicators characterizing the population of the city. Vladikavkaz is located within the North Caucasus at an altitude of 692 m. It lies on both banks of one of the largest rivers of the region called Terek, near its source. 30 km from the city is located the Daryal Gorge.

The city is located in a temperate climatic zone with a temperate continental type of climate. The average temperature of the warmest month of July is 20.7 degrees Celsius. The absolute maximum is 39.2 degrees. The average temperature of the coldest month in the year - February - is 5.6 degrees below zero, with an absolute minimum of 27.8 degrees. The average annual temperature in Vladikavkaz is 9.2 degrees above zero.

For the year in the capital of North Ossetia, an average of 933 mm of precipitation falls.

In general, the climate of the region is characterized by a relatively mild winter and a long, but dry summer.

At the moment, this city is the administrative center of the Republic of Alania (North Ossetia), and it is located within this region.

History of Vladikavkaz

To better understand how the modern population of Vladikavkaz was being formed, we should go a little deeper into history.

Since the beginning of our era, the region where Vladikavkaz is now inhabited the nomad tribe Alans, which belonged to the Scythian-Sarmatian group of peoples. These were the direct ancestors of modern Ossetians. Narrowed by other peoples, primarily by the Mongol-Tatars, they moved ever further into the mountains, from the nomadic people to the mountainous.

In 1774, the territory of present-day North Ossetia was annexed to the Russian Empire. In 1784, the Russian military laid the fortress of Vladikavkaz on this territory. It was to become a powerful fortification and an outpost in the advancement of the Russian Empire to the Caucasus. The name given to the stronghold was given by Count Pavel Potemkin, a distant relative of the famous prince, and represented a shortened form of the expression "Vladika Kavkaz".

The city was located at the entrance to the Daryal Gorge, and was supposed to be one of the points of the military Georgian road.

Over time, the fortress developed. In 1860, after the end of the Crimean War, it received the status of a city that became the administrative center of the Terek region. Since that time, the population of Vladikavkaz has largely been replenished by local Ossetians.

With the advent of Soviet power in 1920, Vladikavkaz became the central city of the Gorsky ASSR. After its disbandment, it is recognized as the administrative center of the North Ossetian Autonomous Region and at the same time the Ingush Autonomous District, but it is not part of any of these entities. After the formation of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous District in 1934, the city became part of the North Ossetian Autonomous District, becoming its center.

In 1931 Vladikavkaz was renamed Ordzhonikidze in honor of the famous party figure and revolutionary Sergo Ordzhonikidze.

In 1936 the North Ossetian AO was reorganized into the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Ordzhonikidze became its center.

During World War II, it was on the outskirts of Vladikavkaz that the fate of the entire Caucasian region was decided. Soviet troops were able to repel the enemy and protect this settlement.

In the period from 1944 to 1954. The city was called Dzaudzhikau. This is the Ossetian name, which is translated into Russian as "Deaug settlement".

In 1981, Ordzhonikidze was one of the first national disorders in the USSR, which broke out due to the conflict between Ossetians and Ingush.

In 1990, the city was returned to its modern name.

At present, Vladikavkaz is developing, being the capital of the subject of the Russian Federation - the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania.

sights

The rich history of the city of Vladikavkaz causes the presence on its territory of many cultural treasures and attractions.

The city has a large park of culture and recreation, a children's park, a palace of pioneers. A real adornment of Vladikavkaz is the Fountains Alley. Leisure of the younger generation makes the more fun and informative a unique children's railway, opened in 1967, which also promotes the training of young men in railway specialties.

The real cultural center of the city is the Prospect Mira, formerly known as Aleksandrovsky. On it is the grand hotel "Alexandrovsky", the garden of the fortress of Vladikavkaz, a whole group of historical houses. Also there are monuments to Lenin, Khetagurov.

Among other iconic structures of Vladikavkaz, the Memorial of Glory erected in 2005, monuments to Pliev, Bulgakov, Barbashov, and Djibilov should be singled out.

Many have beautiful sights in the capital of Ossetia, but its most important treasure is the population inhabiting Vladikavkaz. Photos of this wonderful city can be seen above.

Famous Vladikavkaz citizens

The city gave Russia and the world many talented people. Among the famous residents and natives of this locality are the generals Issa Plieva, Georgi Khetagurov and Alexander Karasev, the founder of the GRU Khadzhi-Umar Mamsurov, the heroes of the USSR and Russia Sergei Grigoryan, Kaurbek Toguzov, Lado Davydov, People's Artist of the Russian Federation Valery Gergiev.

But, naturally, this is not a complete list of outstanding people who were born or lived in Vladikavkaz.

Population

Now let's find out the population of Vladikavkaz. This indicator is fundamental for other statistical calculations. So, what kind of population does the population of Vladikavkaz have? The number of residents of this city is approximately equal to 307.5 thousand.

But is it a lot or a little? Let's compare the population of Vladikavkaz with other major cities of the North Caucasus Federal District. In Stavropol, there are 429.6 thousand people, in Grozny - 287.4 thousand people, in Nalchik - 239.0 thousand people, in Makhachkala - 587.9 thousand people, in Cherkessk - 123.1 Thousand people. Thus, the capital of North Ossetia has the third largest population in the North Caucasus region. Vladikavkaz is one of the largest in this federal district.

In the list of all Russian cities, Vladikavkaz ranks 64th in terms of population. It should be separately noted that almost half of the population of the entire Republic of North Ossetia resides in this city.

Dynamics of the number

Now let's find out what kind of population Vladikavkaz had in the past. The number of residents in different periods of the city's existence varied in different directions: it grew or fell. This dynamic had both objective and subjective reasons.

By 1784 the first statistical data characterizing the population of the city are included. Vladikavkaz then inhabited 2,036 people. Especially sharply increased the population after gaining a fortress city status. So, if in 1870 in Vladikavkaz there were ten thousand inhabitants, then by 1888, this indicator reached almost 38 thousand.

Up until 1992, the city's population gradually increased. Vladikavkaz expanded, although there were years of temporary decline in the number. These periods include 1895 - 1897, 1915 - 1920, 1937, 1969, 1979, 1985. But on the whole, the increase was palpable. So, in 1992 the number of residents of Vladikavkaz reached its historic maximum, amounting to 325 thousand people. Then, from 1993 to 2002, there came a period in which the years of increasing the number were replaced by years of its fall, and vice versa. Since 2003 Vladikavkaz is gradually becoming less populated. The population is steadily decreasing. The only year that is an exception in this cycle is 2015. But already in 2016 the population continued to fall.

Population density

One of the main demographic indicators is population density. Let's find out its value in the described locality. Density of the population of the city of Vladikavkaz, located on the territory of 291 square meters. Km, is about 1.1 thousand people per square kilometer. Km.

For comparison: the density of the population of Grozny is 0.9 thousand people per square meter. Km, Stavropol - 2,5 thousand people per square meter. Km, and Makhachkala - 1,3 thousand people per square meter. Km. Thus, Vladikavkaz has an average score in comparison with other administrative centers of the regions of the North Caucasus.

National composition

Now it's time to look at what ethnic groups consider Vladikavkaz their home. The population by nationality in the city is quite variegated.

Most of the residents of Vladikavkaz are representatives of the titular nation of the Republic of Alania - Ossetians. Their share in the total population of the capital is approximately 64%. The number of Russians in Vladikavkaz does not exceed 25%.

Representatives of other nationalities are much less: Armenians - 3.5%, Georgians - 2.2%, Ingush - 1.1%. The number of Azerbaijanis, Ukrainians and Greeks does not even reach 1% of the total number of residents in the North Ossetian capital. Kumyks, Turks, Kabardians, Chechens, Greeks, Gypsies, Tatars, Jews and even Koreans are present among the inhabitants of Vladikavkaz. The population of the city, as we see, is quite heterogeneous, although its main backbone is made up of Ossetians and Russians.

Religion

Now let's find out what Vladikavkaz represents in the religious sphere. The population of this city in its majority professes Orthodox Christianity. It is this religion that dominates among Ossetians and Russians, who constitute the overwhelming majority of city residents. In Vladikavkaz for the entire history of the city there were 13 churches. Many of them were closed, demolished or destroyed during the Soviet period. But now some are being restored, in particular, the temple of Alexander Nevsky. In addition, on the territory of the city there is Pokrovsky Women's Monastery, which, however, was closed in 1921. The main church is St. George's Cathedral.

The capital of North Ossetia is the center of the Alan and Vladikavkaz dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church, which is administered by the Archbishop of Vladikavkaz.

The community of Armenians, who are parishioners of the Armenian Apostolic Church, is quite strong in the city. They even have their own temple, named after St. Gregory the Illuminator. It was founded in 1868.

In Vladikavkaz there are also cells of other Christian currents, in particular, Protestant, but the number of parishioners in them is relatively small. The Seventh-day Adventists are the most numerous, who even have their own church.

The Catholic church in the city is also represented by its parish.

But the Muslim community in Vladikavkaz is much more Catholic and Protestant, although it is much inferior to the Orthodox. Islam professes most of the Ingush, Azerbaijanis, Chechens, Kumyks, Kabardins living in the city. The overwhelming majority of Muslims are supporters of the Sunni trend. In Vladikavkaz there is a mosque Mukhtarov, built in the beginning of the XX century, during the Soviet Union for a long time was a museum. Only in the 90's it was returned to the Muslims for the performance of religious rites. After this, the building is periodically reconstructed.

In Vladikavkaz there is a Jewish community, which has its own synagogue, as well as several Jewish cemeteries.

In addition, in Vladikavkaz live representatives of such religious communities as Buddhist and Hindu. The latter even has its own temple of Brahma.

Followers of other religious movements in Vladikavkaz are represented in insufficient quantity to form separate communities. We can say that they are single.

Economy of the city

The description of the population of the city of Vladikavkaz would be incomplete without indicating the economic conditions in which it lives.

The city has developed machine building, metallurgy, light and food industry. Among the largest enterprises of Vladikavkaz, it is necessary to distinguish a car-repair plant, an automobile equipment plant, the Pobedit enterprise, which specializes in the production of hard metal alloys.

In addition, there are two hydropower plants on the territory of the city district that generate electricity.

Vladikavkaz is connected with other settlements of the Russian Federation by road, rail and air. Inside the city there are bus and tram lines. Until 2010, he also had his trolleybus fleet.

general characteristics

The main demographic characteristics of the city of Vladikavkaz were considered above. As we found out, a rather heterogeneous population lives in the capital of North Ossetia. Vladikavkaz is one of the largest settlements of the North Caucasus. Representatives of different nationalities live here, but the main backbone consists of Ossetians and Russians, the dominant religion among them is Christianity.

It should be noted that in the last fifteen years there has been an almost constant decrease in the population of Vladikavkaz, with a few exceptions. However, 2015 gave hope that in the future the demographic situation could radically change for the better.