Varieties of tomatoes for the Leningrad region. Tomato varieties for greenhouses and open ground

Tomatoes have long and firmly entered the diet of an ordinary person. Fresh in season, canned or salted in winter, they have long ceased to be inaccessible to delicacy. They are grown everywhere, in greenhouses and on the open ground in a variety of climatic zones. Tomato varieties for the Leningrad region are specially regionalized for the northwestern region of Russia.

Zoning

The very notion of zoning of plant varieties arose not from scratch. Over the years, experts have tried to produce varieties suitable for growing under specific climatic conditions.

For this purpose, several varieties and hybrids of the same tomatoes are planted in specially designated areas (for example, the Leningrad Region). Further, plants are evaluated for yield, early maturity, taste, suitability for processing, resistance to disease. This also includes economic indicators for the cost of production unit.

After a thorough analysis of all data, a hybrid or variety recognized as the best in all indicators is approved by the State Commission for Variety Testing and recommended for cultivation in the Leningrad Region.

This is a long and laborious work. The next step is to raise enough tomato seeds for the Leningrad Region. And to provide planting material you need not only large farms, but also a huge army of amateur gardeners.

Recommended varieties for the Leningrad Region

During the years of experiments and experiments, many varieties and hybrids of tomatoes were bred. Due to the large size of the territory and ambiguous climatic conditions, even the western and eastern zones of the region were taken into account. The most common varieties of tomatoes for the Leningrad region, taking into account the growing method:

• Open ground: "dwarf 1185";
• Greenhouses: "early Leningrad";
• Small-sized film shelters: "Nevsky";
• Greenhouses: "ground fungus 1180".

There is also a classification of tomatoes according to the mode of consumption, the color of the fruit and the type of bush:

• Conservation: "nose", "finger", "shuttle";
• Fresh use: "grotto", "cameo", "grand", "dwarf", "gay", "oak";
• Salad varieties: Gourmet, Lotus, Ilya Muromets, Malinka, Dawn F1;
• Tomatoes of orange color: "dewdrop", "enchantress";
• Early-ripening stamps: "eugenia", "finger", "shuttle", "argo".

Features of climate

The climate of the Leningrad Region is characterized by moderate softness both in summer and in winter. The inconstancy of weather is its main feature. During one day, the weather can drastically change in any direction - from clear sunny skies to heavy rain. You can also add here the frequent strong gusts of wind characteristic of this region.

It is quite a difficult task to bring out strong varieties of tomatoes for the Leningrad region, which calmly transfer a sharp change in weather, humidity, temperature and withstand wind attacks. Breeders successfully coped with the task and brought out hybrids and varieties successfully cultivated in this region.

Agrotechnics

Tomatoes are photophilous plants, they should be planted on the sunny side. Obligatory generous watering (tomatoes are 90% water), and do it better in the afternoon.

To feed begin at an early stage, then make a break until the formation of the ovary. An excess of nitrogen fertilizers can slow the growth of plants.

To make the process of pollination more effective, the plant should be shaken slightly for the stem. This procedure should be repeated 3-4 times a week in the morning.

Terms of sowing seeds

Seeds of tomatoes for the Leningrad region are sown in strictly defined terms. To correctly calculate them, you need to take the average period of planting the seedlings in a greenhouse and take away from it, literally by numbers, the optimal age of the seedlings and add the term of germination of the seeds.

Early varieties are planted in the greenhouse on June 1 at the age of seedlings of 50 days, ultra-ripening sow before April 15, late plant not earlier than March 10, the recommended age of seedlings is up to 70 days. If we talk about tomatoes for open ground: varieties can be sown in the soil from 1 st to 5 th April.

It should be borne in mind that the soil should warm to a landing depth of at least 10 ^° C. In the northern regions of the region, the time for disembarkation is shifted to a later date, the gap is from 7 to 12 days. In these areas, frosts are possible in the first decade of June.

The type of soil also matters. Sandy loams warm up much faster and deeper than loamy ones.

Terms of harvesting

The longer a tomato ripens on a bush, the higher its taste. Ripeness can be determined not only by eye (by degree of redness), but also by touch.

Zoned tomato varieties for the Leningrad region are cleaned with the onset of cold weather, when tomatoes stop growing and ripening. Tentatively this is the end of August. But the weather always makes its own adjustments, and year on year is not necessary. Complete harvesting of tomatoes involves digging the soil in greenhouses, in vegetable gardens and eliminating the remains of vegetation. It is better to burn it to avoid the possible spread of diseases of tomatoes.

"Agatha"

The sort of tomato "agate" refers to a group of early ripening tomatoes. From shoots to the beginning of fruiting, approximately 105 days pass. A universal variety, which grows well and fructifies both in greenhouses and on open ground. Plants are not stamping, the height of the bush is up to 45 cm, which is important in strong winds.

The early ripeness of tomatoes helps them to avoid the phytophthora, to which the variety is susceptible. Early harvesting is carried out until the mass spread of the disease.

Four plants are planted on one square meter, they need regular watering, preferably with warm water. The soil is fertilized several times during the vegetation of plants.

Description of the tomato: fruits of flat-round shape, weighing on average 80 grams, with a high dry matter content, red color, pleasant sweet taste, do not overrun and do not crack. The yield of one bush can reach 4 kg. On the brush ripens up to 6 fruits.

Fruits transport transport well. Using tomatoes for winter billets, canning.

Uncomplicated care and high return make the variety "Agatha" very attractive for amateur gardeners.

"Ballad"

Tomato "ballad" is a medium-early variety. From the first shoots of plants to the beginning of fruit ripening, approximately 120 days pass. They are used for planting in the open ground, although it can be grown in greenhouses. The height of the compact shrub is 50 cm, an average of 8 plants are planted per square meter.

The shape of the fruit is round, weight can reach 180 grams, color - dark red. The taste of the fruit is sweet, it is great for getting tomato paste and producing tomato juice. Productivity can reach 80 tons from 1 hectare. To merits of a grade it is possible to carry and practically simultaneous ripening of fruits.

The variety requires careful care: timely watering, loosening the soil, fertilizing the land, in the conditions of the greenhouse - regular airing (the air must be dry).

A distinctive feature - resistance to late blight, viral diseases, vertex rot. Well tolerates transportation and is perfectly preserved for a long period.

"White filling"

Another popular variety is tomato "white filling". Comments of gardeners from several regions of Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, Kazakhstan confirm its reputation as unpretentious and capable of yielding a good harvest in almost all conditions.

A high threshold of frost resistance makes it possible to grow it in the Leningrad Region in the open field. This is an early-ripening variety, from planting to maturation is only 100 days. One plant is planted to 9 plants per square meter. The height of the bush is up to 50 cm. Care is reduced to loosening the soil, weeding, watering (warm water) and feeding.

Fruits, slightly ribbed, round in shape, weighing up to 140 grams, are red, resistant to cracking, perfectly suitable for fresh consumption and for salads. Yields up to 9 kg from one bush, which, of course, makes popular the tomato "white filling". Reviews about the fruits themselves are very flattering. Fleshy, sweet, they are suitable not only directly from the bed, but also for preservation and salting.

Friendly ripening of fruits helps to avoid the mass distribution of phytophthora. Early maturity, excellent taste and resistance to colds and winds make this variety very attractive for growing in the Leningrad Region.

Tomato "gin"

The description of the variety can begin with the fact that it is distinguished by a high yield of 10 kg from one square meter. You can grow under a film and on the open ground. Early-ripening variety - up to 110 days from the first shoots to the ripening of the fetus. The height of the bush is up to 60 cm, for one square meter, up to 4 pieces of plants of the sort such as the tomato "Gina" are planted.

Description of the fetus

Weight - up to 280 grams, color - red, form - flat. The taste qualities are high: juicy, fleshy, fragrant. The ideal consistency of the fetus is provided by a high content of dry matter. Excellent for fresh consumption and early preservation. Hard peel allows you to keep tomatoes for a long time.

To get a good and early harvest, it is recommended to loosen the soil, weed out, water it with warm water (at least once a week) and carry out feeding. The variety is resistant to diseases such as fusariosis, verticillium wilt.

"Yamal"

Tomato variety "Yamal" is very early-maturing. Ripening occurs in 85 days and can continue until the onset of the first frost. One of the most popular varieties of gardeners in the northern regions. It is preferable to grow tomatoes in greenhouses.

Fruits have an average weight of 100 grams, rounded, smooth, red. Tomatoes have amazing taste qualities. Tomatoes are universal in use, suitable for fresh consumption and as blanks for the winter.

An unpretentious variety, withstand bad weather and lack of sunlight. The size of the shrub is small - up to 50 cm. You can plant 7-9 bushes per square meter. Productivity high - up to 20 kg with 1 m ² .

For tomatoes need a simple care, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, weeding, watering, loosening. Uncompromising "Yamal", resistance to major diseases, crop stability, high palatability, its resistance to unfavorable weather conditions make it an excellent option for aspiring gardeners.

"Amber"

Tomato "amber" is an early-ripening variety of tomatoes. Low (only 35 cm in height) bushes are suitable for growing not only in suburban areas in the open ground, but also on the balconies of apartment buildings. On the bushes ripen the original yellow tomatoes.

From the first shoots to the appearance of the first mature fruit takes up to 100 days. Care is normal, as for other varieties of tomatoes: weeding, watering, fertilizing, loosening. One plant is planted to 9 plants per square meter.

Tomatoes weighing 55 grams, diameter - 2.5-3 cm, spherical, smooth, golden or yellow. Fruits ripen at almost the same time. Productivity reaches 6 kg per 1 m ² . They have excellent taste qualities. They can be used fresh and for conservation. Yellow tomatoes will be an ornament of any table.

The variety is resistant to unfavorable weather conditions, macrosporia and phytophthora. The peculiarities of the care include the maintenance of low air humidity (watered only with warm water after sunset), loosening and weeding are necessary during the growing season. Tomato "amber" is recommended for cultivation to beginner amateur gardeners.

The quality and quantity of the crop, its timely processing or long-term preservation depend on the correct choice of the variety. The use of tomatoes is also taken into account: fresh consumption, tomato harvest for the winter, the ability of fruit to carry transportation, to withstand long storage conditions, etc.

Zoned tomato varieties are best suited for growing in certain climatic zones. Such grading of varieties helps farmers make the right choice and ensure a stable harvest of tomatoes in any area of the Leningrad region.