Unabi: landing and leaving. Unabi - tree of youth and health

Unabi is a thermophilic plant. Due to its medicinal properties, it has become widespread in areas with a subtropical climate. His homeland is China. Here this plant began to be cultivated more than four thousand years ago. Now, unabi can be seen on the territory of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Crimea, Transcaucasia, Central Asia, Europe, America and Africa. This plant is called in different ways: ziphifus, Chinese date, chest berry, jojoba ... Unabi is a tree of youth and health, so it is believed in China.

Description

This plant from the family of buckthorn has more than fifty species. Breeders of different countries have long been withdrawn winter-resistant varieties. But, like any southern plant, much heat and light must be unabi. Planting and maintenance are carried out in well-lit areas with loose soil and groundwater lying at great depth.

This is a fabulously beautiful tree. Its crown is openwork, spreading, large. The leaves are shiny, have a light green hue and stretch towards the sun, forming a right angle. The process of vegetation begins late - in late April or early May. Accordingly, the unabi will bloom by the end of June. On the tree appears up to several hundred thousand small flowers of a yellow-green color. But not all of them form the ovary. The tree itself selects viable flowers that will yield a good harvest in the future and continue the genus.

Fruits ripen in late September - early October. In size they are large, medium and small. A glossy, glossy brown skin protects the juicy pulp. In appearance, fruits resemble dates.

Useful qualities

All parts of the plant possess the healing properties: fruits, twigs, bark, leaves and roots. The bark is harvested during the movement of the juice, when it is easily separated from the trunk. The leaves are harvested and dried in the middle of summer, and the fruits are removed after full ripening. The roots are excavated before the onset of the winter period.

Fruits are famous for their medicinal, nutritious and taste properties. They are used in fresh, dried, canned and smoked. From them they cook compotes, jams, jams. This plant is widely used in the pharmaceutical, perfume and confectionery industries.

In China, the dried fruits are ground into a powder, which is added to the dough. Bread from it for a long time does not grow stale. The fruits have a sweet taste and a pleasant aroma. Unabi - healthy fruits from China, they contain many vitamins, proteins and organic acids. Finik is rich in vegetable fats, tannins, alkaloids, folic acid and carotene.

• Fruits have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anesthetic and antisclerotic effects.
• They are taken with diseases of the stomach, bladder, kidneys, mouth.
• The use of fruits unabi lowers blood pressure.
• Decoction of them strengthens the body, treats anemia and alopecia, improves memory. It is used to eliminate bronchitis, pertussis, dizziness, dyspnea.
• The fruits of this tree treat the neglected form of hypertension.
• The broth is a milk-for-lactating mothers, normalizes metabolism and is considered a fortifying aid.
• Dried fruits date used for the treatment of colds and heart diseases.
• Decoction from the roots of the plant promotes hair growth.
• Infusion of branches, bark and leaves heals wounds, treats gastritis and tuberculosis.

Contraindications to the use of fruits can serve as an individual intolerance, pregnancy and low blood pressure.

Reproduction by seeds

With this method of reproduction, plants with small fruits are obtained. A culture derived in this way can be used as a decorative element or a stock for valuable varieties. Because of the hardness of the seeds, the percentage of their germination is very low. To stimulate this process, they are stratified and scarified. To do this, put the soaked seeds in the fall in moss, wrap them with polyethylene and send them to the refrigerator for the whole winter. Twice a month unfold and air the seeds of unabi air. Planting and nursing are carried out during the entire vegetative period.

On a permanent place of growth, the seeds are planted in the spring. To do this, mark grooves at a distance of 20 cm and lay seeds in them, deepening into the earth for 4 cm. Approximately two months later shoots will appear. On a well-endowed soil, this culture begins to bear fruit faster.

Reproduction by cuttings

For cuttings on a young shoot 10 cm long, all the leaves except the two upper leaves are removed. Their plates are cut to half. This is necessary so that the leaves do not take moisture from the unabi cuttings. Planting of plants is carried out in loose garden soil. On top, the washed sand is poured into a layer of 5-6 cm. There is placed a shank.

The planting should be covered with a glass jar for better root formation. Every day, lift it for a few minutes. And when they start to appear shoots on the cuttings, clean the jar first for a few hours, and then for the whole day or night. So, young plants will get used to the environment, and in a few days they will not need to be sheltered.

When the stalk takes root, you can transplant unabi. Planting of plants is carried out in larger pots or boxes. In the first year after the cuttings, let the unabis winter in the house, and in the spring of next year plant it in the garden, determining the permanent place of growth.

How to plant a tree?

Unabi differs with unpretentiousness. Planting and nursing are carried out as required. This culture grows on any soils with the exception of clayey and saline soils. If the groundwater flows close to the surface of the earth, it is better not to plant a tree at this location. Even if it does not die and begins to bear fruit, the harvest will still be low. The best place to plant is the southern slopes of the site.

Finik very much loves the heat and does not tolerate cold winds. Therefore, to plant it, choose a place well-lit by the sun and not blown by the winds. Soil should not be fertilized with humus, otherwise the plant will lose its medicinal properties.

If you have decided on a site, start digging and loosening it. Then determine the locations for the landing pits at the rate of 4x3 meters of area for each tree. Pits dig up to a depth of half a meter and a diameter of 60 cm. At the bottom make drainage from the fragments of brick, small pebbles. In each hole, fill a glass of ash and plant the future unabi tree. Planting and care are accompanied by copious watering. The ground around the trunk is a bit pinched and covered with improvised means: straw or sawdust.

The best time to plant this crop is the beginning or middle of autumn. But you can plant a tree in the spring, in the middle or in the end of May, when the air warms up to 12-14 degrees.

Features of competent care

When caring for this plant, you need to remember about the close occurrence of its roots to the surface of the soil. To not damage them, you do not need to deep loosen the ground. An unpretentious culture is the Chinese date (unabi, zizifus). Care, growing problems and diseases can be minimized by rational and timely irrigation and the introduction of appropriate fertilizers.

This tree is well tolerated by hot weather. In a drought, it will not die, but without sufficient water, the yield will decrease. Therefore, if there is no rain for a long time, moisten the soil around the trunk with plenty of water. In the first year of life, the tree should be watered up to 7 times a season. So it's better to get accustomed. During flowering, watering is not needed, as the ovary of the fruit occurs only in dry weather.

Dates do not need frequent feeding. It is enough to introduce humus or humus in the soil in the calculation of 5-6 kg for each tree with a periodicity of three years.

Care for the tree provides for its pruning. It is necessary to remove dry branches and create a productive crown that can be formed within 1-2 years, and subsequently maintain its shape. Young trees are cut in May, and adults are cut in March or April.

Diseases and pests, combating them

The unabi tree is not susceptible to disease, so it does not need to be treated with chemical preparations. But sometimes it is possible to see on immature fruits biting. Whom they are made, it is impossible to establish precisely. Presumably, this is a locust. But mature fruits often suffer from birds.