Thesis ... What is it? What is it created for? How does it look? These and other similar questions will be answered within the framework of the article.
general information
Initially, let's talk about what the dissertation is. What is it? Thesis is called a special, strictly defined form of a scientific work, for which the scientific and qualifying character is characteristic. It is completed in preparation for public protection and obtaining a certain degree.
What are the requirements for the theses?
Officially, it must correspond to the following:
- Scientific research should be conducted directly by the author.
- The dissertation work should contain a set of new scientific positions and results.
- The document must have an inner unity.
- The thesis should indicate the personal contribution of the applicant in the study of the scientific problem.
- The new solutions proposed by the author must be clearly stated, supported by arguments and critically correlated with previously developed developments.
- The sources used to create the work must be specified.
It should be understood that scientific dissertations are special scientific works that have nothing in common neither with the report of a public figure or an official, nor with a lecture or a popular science book, nor with simple information work. What are they? The dissertation is a truly scientific work that develops and enriches science in a certain branch of knowledge. It serves as a confirmation of the personal contribution of the scientist to the development of the entire civilization. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the work has been carried out to the proper level.
We look from the technical side of the matter
So, already now there is an idea of what the thesis is. What is this from a technical point of view? This work belongs to a certain genre and must obey certain rules and fulfill the existing requirements. One of the important aspects is the formulation of the thesis. Many during the preparation of the work may seem that a significant number of different bad faults are put forward, but these are just the requirements of standardization. It, in turn, is carried out with the purpose of more convenient acquaintance with scientific works. After all, when you need to work with a large number of documents, then interaction in a certain standard form allows you to save time and quickly find the necessary information.
How is the thesis prepared? Knowledge management is its cornerstone. Since this document is a work of one person, it should be a scientific and qualifying work, which gives a certain increase in information.
New data
The previously mentioned increment of information can be presented in different forms. So, people discover something new, create theoretical models, improve qualitatively existing knowledge, refute existing conclusions and much more. Whatever the case, the thesis is a repository of a set of scientific results that are defended in front of highly qualified specialists. The obtained data are critically evaluated on the basis of their comparison with the already known information. Therefore, they should be qualitatively argued. But this also includes development. The thesis must take into account that new scientific knowledge and already known ones are necessarily in dialectical interaction. And research should also contain a portion of scientific foresight. But science can not reject the previously created and rely only on new achievements. Only a set of previously created and its use with new developments allow us to move forward.
How much is the new data?
When it is written, say, the dissertation of the candidate of sciences, then it is difficult not to take into account the results obtained by the research of the predecessors in it. Therefore, it is considered that the most appropriate information regarding the information received is the mention of this. As such, the phrase "individual results is not new". But the main thing is not this, but evaluation of the conclusions drawn and proposed. The Dissertation Council evaluates the work and decides whether to award a scientific degree. Some difficulties arise with the characteristic. When we talk about the fact that a significant part of the results obtained is not new, at first glance this is perceived as a negative evaluation. But if research is a significant achievement, then councilors have the right to award a degree to a person. However, in the future, there may be a need to defend the decision, when the thesis will be considered in the Academy of Sciences.
And what does the government think about this?
For us, within the framework of the article, interest represents a new provision on the procedure for awarding academic degrees. In general, it is not very large, so if you want, you can read it completely. But within the framework of the article the most interesting aspects will be presented. If a person wants to obtain a Ph.D. or a doctoral degree, then the eighth clause of the provision should first be read. It says that the competitor should be presented with a scientific and qualification work in which, on the basis of the researches performed by its creator, theoretical positions are developed that can be qualified as a major scientific achievement (or solution of a significant problem that has an important economic or socio-cultural significance ). Also, just justified and reasoned economic, technological or technical solutions can act as subjects, the introduction of which allows making a significant contribution to the improvement and development of the country's economy or increases its defense capability.
Dissertations of candidates must meet at least one of the imposed requirements. But just write something too small. The results obtained should be confirmed by the scientific adviser or consultant, issuing the chair, official opponents, the leading organization, the dissertation council and the academy of sciences. Is this all a list of "obstacles"? No, the right to criticism still has unofficial opponents, scientific teams, individual developers and non-well-wishers. But their opinion is purely advisory.
Note!
The thesis - what is this, perhaps, is already clear. It should be noted that scientific works like monographs, articles in collections of works and journals, textbooks and methodological aids, although they are a supplement in this case, but can not be replaced. Even when the defense of a dissertation is conducted on a certain set of works, it must meet strict scientific criteria. One should pay close attention to one more working moment. Dissertations have the rights of manuscripts, but at the same time they must meet the requirements that are required for printed works. In addition, the territory of the Russian Federation stipulates that the thesis is prepared in Russian (usually). Also, if they are presented in the form of manuscripts, the most important provisions should be published. For successful protection, care should be taken to ensure that the results and progress of the surveys are qualitatively disclosed. The completeness of scientific information is reflected and the most detailed factual material, which includes detailed justifications, hypotheses, parallels and extensive historical digressions.
We write a thesis
Initially, care must be taken to ensure that the goal and objectives are set. Then we should analyze the main aspect of the problem in question. A fundamentally new material, which includes descriptions of new phenomena, factors and regularities, should be taken as a basis. In addition, it is allowed to use generalized previously known information from a different position or to consider them in another aspect. The best way to understand what and how, the example of the dissertation would help, but, alas, its placement within the framework of the article is not possible for technical reasons. As a supplement, we can say that the material created may well have discussion questions in itself, which are connected with the repeated analysis of already existing ideas and views. The content of the work should be original, unique and not repeat the given provisions. Care should be taken that the thesis had a high degree of abstraction, actively applied the mathematical apparatus and means of logical thinking, had accurate data and reasoned judgments. For better disclosure of the topic, you can use a signed device in the form of formulas, graphs, diagrams, diagrams, tables and other symbols.
Preparation for thesis defense
During this process you need to demonstrate your skill level. For this, a number of requirements are fulfilled, some of which are purely formal. So, you need not only to present new and current data, but also to carefully arrange all the documentation. The latter implies compliance with established standards and the absence of various errors in the text. In order to avoid the numerous comments and the deterioration of the overall picture of the reviews, care should be taken to ensure that this aspect does not worry in the future. After all, when people talk about such a thing as a thesis, what it is, then much attention is paid to external beauty.
Defense of dissertation work
Initially, respect should be given to the scientific supervisor, board members and official opponents. We should not forget that they work on a voluntary basis and, as a rule, treat the disserters kindly. These people postpone their affairs and go to meetings in order to help a person get a qualification statute. Therefore, we should confidently and structurally, within the framework of the regulations, disclose the topic of the dissertation.