Theatrical director Pavel Osimovich Chomsky: biography, personal life

A great number of titles and professions had an outstanding man Pavel Osimovich Chomsky. He was a famous director, People's Artist of the RSFSR, Artistic Director of the State Academic Theater named after the Moscow Soviet, Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR, Professor, and Honored Artist of the RSFSR.

Biography

Until 1941, little is known about how Chomsky lived Pavel Osipovich. The personal life of the director before this time is not very well covered. Very little information about his parents and family.

It is known that Paul's parents were employees and had a legal education. He did not grow up in a simple family. My father was Khomsky Osip Pavlovich, he worked in the Ministry of the paper and forestry industry as a legal adviser. Mom Chomskaya Bertha Isidorovna also worked for a long time as a lawyer, even was elected a people's judge.

In Moscow, in 1925 on March 30, Chomsky Pavel Osipovich was born. Nationality never interfered with his work, he held high management positions. His wife was born in 1939. In the marriage of Paul and Natalia were born three daughters: Natalia born in 1959, Catherine born in 1966 and Love born in 1975.

Pavel Chomsky had four grandchildren: Anna, Varvara, Michael and Esther.

In the rear of the enemy

The terrible tragedy of the early 1940s changed the fate of millions of people, among them was Khomsky Pavel Osipovich. His biography changed dramatically in connection with these events.

Until 1941 he studied at a secondary school in Moscow. After the beginning of the war decides to go on the construction of defensive fortifications in the Smolensk region. In June 1941 he left for construction in the Komsomol brigade. At this time, the German landing landed on this territory, and the brigade was completely cut off from its soldiers, the Germans took them into a tight ring, the Komsomols were in the rear of the enemy.

There was nothing else left but to break through the encirclement. The young and inexperienced brigade was reorganized into the militia and, under the leadership of an experienced sergeant-major, was sent to break through to their soldiers. Despite the fact that they were not military people, they often had to engage in firing with the enemy and even fight with tanks. A large number of militiamen died, but still they managed to break through the enemy ring.

Pavel Osipovich Chomsky at that time did not reach the draft age, he was only 16 years old, and all those who were older, immediately enlisted in the ranks of the army. He and all the young guys were sent home.

Military years

Since by age he did not go into the army, he went to live in Tomsk to relatives. At that time, his father was transferred to Tomsk for the post of deputy director of the plant.

After the end of the 10th grade, where he passed the examinations externally, Pavel enters the Leningrad Theater Institute, which was evacuated to Tomsk. After the second course, he receives a summons to join the ranks of the Red Army.

He spends very little time at the military school and decides to file a report on demobilization to the front. His petition is satisfied and immediately sent to Gorky, where he studies in an artillery regiment. Having received the specialty gunner-gunner, the future director Chomsky Pavel Osipovich served on the Western Front.

The beginning of creative activity

The command of the part decides to transfer Pavel to the army theater of variety and miniatures, as soon as it became known that before the war he studied at the Leningrad Theater Institute. This theater, to maintain the military spirit, very often went with numbers to the front, and also constantly visited various military units of the Moscow region.

In this theater, Pavel served until the end of the war. In 1945, he was demobilized and decided to continue his career. Further, he is trained in Moscow, in the Stanislavsky Opera and Drama Studio.

First job

In 1947, he finished his studies, and he was immediately taken to work here, but his career at the Stanislavsky Opera and Drama Theater lasted only a year. Pavel leaves Moscow and goes to work in the Theater of Russian Drama in Riga. Here he worked as a second director, together with AA Efremov, and an actor.

It was in this theater that Pavel Osipovich Chomsky made his debut as a director. His first performances were the works of M. Svetlov under the title "20 years later" and the work of Calderon "Do not joke with love." The play was very popular with the audience and received a large number of positive reviews from theater critics.

After such a success, Chomsky was noticed and suggested to move to work at the State Theater of the Young Spectator of the Latvian SSR. At first he was given the position of a full-time director, and in 1957 Pavel Chomsky became the chief director.

Work in the theater, he combined with training in GITIS, at the Faculty of Theater Studies. The transfer to the post of the director of the theater made Pavel Chomsky famous throughout the Soviet Union as the youngest chief director, and a little later he was awarded the title "Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR".

For the time that he worked at the Riga Theater of the young spectator as a director, Chomsky staged more than forty performances, each of which was a real masterpiece.

In 1959, Chomsky, already as the main director, returned to the Riga Theater of Russian Drama. These walls also featured many outstanding performances, such as "The Naked King" by Eugene Schwartz, "Irkutsk History" by Alexei Arbuzov, "The Ocean" by Abram Stein and many others.

Homecoming

At that time, Leningrad and Moscow theaters often came to Riga . After reviewing some of Chomsky's works, the leadership of the Leningrad Theater decided to invite a young talented director to stage the play "Two Colors" by Kuznetsov and Zak, and then "Seeing White Nights" by Vera Panova.

Both performances were held with a stunning success. They liked not only the viewer, but also the management of the theater, in connection with this success, Chomsky was offered the position of chief director of the Leningrad Lenin Komsomol Theater.

But not everything went so smoothly. For five years of work in this theater, Pavel Osipovich Chomsky has staged a large number of famous performances, but not all his works have come to the liking of representatives of the nomenklatura top of the city. He was severely reprimanded several times, including the play "On the Road" by Victor Rozov. By the way, it was to this work that the director until the last days considered his best creation.