The term "social statistics"

The term "social statistics" is interpreted in different ways. On the one hand, it is a science, and on the other hand it is a practical activity. As a science, it is treated as a system of methods and techniques for collecting, processing, storing and analyzing information in numerical terms. This information carries data about social phenomena and processes in society.

As a practical activity, social statistics is a focus on the collection and generalization of numerical materials that characterize various social processes. This processing is carried out with the help of state statistics bodies or other organizations.

But these two directions do not exist autonomously, they are in constant interrelation with each other. Previously, there was no special system for processing information, it was only primitively fixed and had no methodicity. In the process of complicating the methods and techniques of recording and summarizing the data, it became necessary to improve the system for collecting, storing and processing information. Thus, over time, social statistics appeared.

Statistics in itself have become a science for quite a long time, and its separate branches, such as agricultural statistics, industrial statistics, the population, etc., have gradually emerged. Social has appeared one of the last.

Social statistics are responsible for the following tasks:

- social sphere analysis;

- Characterization of important regularities and trends in the development of social infrastructure ;

- analysis of the level and living conditions of people;

- characteristics of the dynamics of changes in indicators;

- forecasting of probable development trends, etc.

The processes and phenomena that fill the social life of society are subjected to statistical analysis. It is implemented by applying specific methods of generalizing indicators that measure the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the object under study in numerical values.

Socio-economic statistics is a scientific discipline that deals with the study of mass processes and phenomena in the social sphere and in the economy. It consists of several sections:

- standard of living of the population;

- demographic section;

- work and employment;

- statistics of prices and investments, etc.

The system of indicators of socio-economic statistics reflects social life, the trends of its change, etc. It includes the following:

- price dynamics;

- the volume and cost of products;

- composition and population;

- standard of living of people;

- incomes and expenditures of the population;

- material, labor and financial resources;

- productivity and labor payment;

- availability of working capital and fixed assets;

- macroeconomic indicators.

Calculation of these indicators is carried out using tools and methods from general statistics. It is important to be able to compare indicators in space and time.

Socio-economic research requires the availability of fundamental knowledge and professionalism. It is not an easy task to transform ordinary statistical data into a visual, laconic, convincing and imaginative form.