The problems of philosophy as a way of understanding the world

The problems of philosophy as an integral part of the culture of mankind, above all, concern the world as a whole, which can be grasped by reason. They relate to what is being, how it exists, and how it develops. The thinkers try to find out the mechanism of knowledge and answer the question, how understanding itself is possible. No less important is the problem of man - his personality, relationships with other people, social life, history, the spiritual world he creates. At the same time, the statement of these questions is related to a certain subjectivity, because a person is an emotional and sentient being and tries to find the meaning of life corresponding to his mode of perception of the world.

The problems of philosophy are directly related to the subject of this strange science. They permeate the whole life, and especially the culture of mankind, from the theoretical and from the personal point of view. That is why philosophical thinking, being quite far from the so-called ordinary person, in practice deals with the same difficulties that all people constantly overcome throughout their life, sometimes without realizing it. After all, this way of thinking is very paradoxical, it can be considered necessary and unnecessary, and life without it is both possible and impossible. With the understanding of this fact, the genesis of the philosophical consciousness itself begins. After all, this science is not a specific system of knowledge, which is transferred from one paradigm to another. It is an internal act of the thinker, to some extent connected with the internal acts of other people committed to the same.

Putting before her various problems of philosophy, her various classics most often expressed their attraction to another, transcendent reality, but they could never tell whether this other world exists or not, and how much it resembles our everyday reality. Unlike religion, philosophy does not believe, it only questions, admits and justifies. She does not reveal secrets, but she is surprised at them, and stops at this. This is entirely a humanitarian phenomenon, and therefore its truths do not lie in the sphere of exact formulas or experiments, and the methods of natural or mathematical sciences are, at best, auxiliary.

Specificity of philosophical problems is expressed also in such an interesting paradox. This area of culture deals, among other things, with the issues facing the natural sciences, and even uses the same terminology, but if a physicist, referring to atoms, means precisely atoms, then the philosopher justifies his view of the world with the doctrine of atoms and then , How a person should live in it. Of course, the definition, as the ancients used to say, of "love of wisdom", contains a lot of contradictions, and this phenomenon is reflected in the history of philosophy. Therefore, the language of this science is not just a way of communication and presentation of thoughts, but also a fundamental category of being, possibly independent of man himself.

Frankly speaking, the problem of development in philosophy appears to us not only in understanding how the world formed, emerged and came to the present state, but also in the fact that this branch of human knowledge in itself is only a history of philosophy. If we want to learn to think in such a way as to embrace the universe as a whole, then we need to go to a certain thinker and imitate him. But we have the opportunity to use not only the ideas of our contemporaries, but the entire pleiad of sages who lived before us or live in other countries, because their texts, the words they wrote, to a certain extent reflect the process of their heritage and convey the fact that they Wanted to tell us.

Thus, the problems of philosophy are posed and solved not only in the theoretical formulations of this art of thought, but also in its history. The thinker and the historian of the development of ideas are like two hypostases of the same process: one sets forth his concepts and the other his own understanding of the theories of other people, and both need very serious creative efforts. And even acquaintance with the history of philosophy requires determination and courage. After all, this is a special world from which it is impossible to throw out a single word or delete the author. The world of ideas and experiences, theoretical constructions and even mystical ecstasies. Surprisingly complex, polyphonic and immense world, which is so interesting to learn.