The population of Beijing (China) and the national composition

Beijing is one of the fastest growing cities in the world. Economic growth, development of industry and production make China one of the leaders in the international political arena. The cultural heritage of the country has always been considered a world heritage: the ancient Chinese civilization left behind unique objects, palaces, teachings. The focus and indicator of the well-being and modernity of China today is Beijing. The population of the city is growing at a tremendous pace, millions of tourists from all over the world come here.

Occurrence

The first settlements on the territory of the present city appeared before the onset of our era. In that era, which was also called the Warring States era, the ancient kingdom of Yan was located on these lands. Since then, various dynasties have used the city to overthrow the enemy, but Beijing's coordinates have not changed much. In the 10th century, the city was given the Liao dynasty, which made it the second capital, giving it the name of Nanjing (in translation from the Chinese "southern capital"). In the XI century, another dynasty, Jin, having seized the one-man power, settled in the city, calling it Zhundu.

Beijing when captured by the Mongols

In the XIII century, Mongolian troops invaded China, led by associates of Genghis Khan. They burnt the settlement to ashes, and after nearly 40 years built a new city here - its own capital, which was named Dadu. The next dynasty that reigned in the city was the legendary Ming dynasty. The classical name "Beijing" belongs to the third ruler of Yongle, and the city was also called Jingshi - the capital. It was the Ming dynasty that laid the modern features of the settlement, erected a city wall that for a long time served as a serf. During her reign, when the population flourished, Beijing (the capital) was the largest city in the world, the Forbidden City was founded, the Temple of Heaven was built. These monuments of the unique Chinese culture remain symbols of the country for almost 600 years.

Beijing remained the capital of the Celestial Empire until 1928. At that time, the country was going through hard times and actually broke up into separate provinces, subordinated to the commander-in-chief. After the victory of the Conservative Party of the KMT, the capital was moved to Nanjing City, and Beijing, the main city of the military government, was renamed Baiping. He regained his former status during the Japanese occupation in 1937.

Other names of Beijing

For the Asian states, it is characteristic that the status of the city be present. Peking, which is widely accepted throughout the world, does not correspond to traditional Chinese. The settlement they call differently. Classical among Peking Chinese will be the pronunciation of this word as "Beijing". That's why you can often meet the international spelling of the city name - Beijing. Many Western countries adhere to classical writing, while in Russia, Holland and a number of other countries the old name is preserved - the city of Beijing.

In addition, when the capital was transferred to Chinese Nanjing, the city was renamed Baiping. There is one more historical name in Beijing, rooted in its origin, connected with the ancient kingdom of Yan - Yanjing.

Geographical location of Beijing

The city of Beijing is located 150 kilometers from the Yellow Sea. From the west and the north it is surrounded by mountains, which serve as a division between the plain and the Gobi desert. In the summer months, fogs and smog are regularly observed in the city, which appear due to geographical location - warm sea monsoons do not allow polluted air to rise high enough to overcome mountains and leave the city.

The summer here is relatively not hot for the tropical region, but the air contains a high concentration of moisture. Such conditions can become difficult for an unprepared organism. Winters in Beijing often run without snow, since most precipitation falls here in late summer. The coordinates of Beijing in decimal degrees are as follows: latitude 39.9075, longitude 116.39723.

Population: Beijing and its environs

According to the latest data, the population of Beijing is more than 20 million people. Of these, only slightly more than half of the residents have a permanent registration in the city. The rest of the population are people who came to the capital from the provinces in search of earnings. Within the city itself live about 7 million.

In China, there is a very strong lag in the economic development of the provinces from major cities. The population of most regions is engaged in agricultural activities, the process of urbanization is in its infancy. Such a huge gulf between them and prosperous cities - Beijing, Shanghai and others - causes a significant influx of crowded cities from the outback. Beijing is known for the fact that many live there illegally, content with low-wage work and living in slums.

The national composition of the city

China is a fairly closed country, and therefore the overwhelming majority of its inhabitants are ethnic Chinese, also called Han Chinese. The same is demonstrated by Beijing: the ethnic capital is made up of 95% of the Han people. However, in the city you can meet and representatives of other nationalities, but, above all, the Asian race. Among them, the Manchus, Heiits, Mongols - the history of China is inextricably linked with these countries. A special school is organized for Tibetan children in Beijing.

There is another social sign by which the population can be classified. Beijing is extremely attractive for visitors, because of the incredible development of the economy, a huge number of foreigners flock here. Students, businessmen, sales representatives - they settle among ordinary Chinese in business areas, adopt their traditions, speak Chinese.

Another group is the citizens of South Korea. Even today they are the largest diaspora living in the whole of China.

Languages of the city

On the territory of modern China, 292 live languages are registered and one more, on which no one talks. Linguists number 9 language families, among which you can find Altaic, Austro-Asian, Tai-Qadai and others.

Despite this, the traditional Chinese is spoken by the population. Beijing, like all other cities, prefers the official language - Putonghua. He is closer and more familiar to the inhabitants. Multinational Beijing, whose language is based on the Mandarin dialect, also speaks Mongolian, Tibetan, Zhuang.

Other densely populated cities in China

Beijing is only the third in the list of Chinese cities by the number of inhabitants. The most densely populated Chinese city is Chongqing - there are 29 million people living in it and its environs, and most of the inhabitants are outside the urbanization zone, that is, the rural population.

The next city by the number of inhabitants, ahead of Beijing - Shanghai. About 23 million people live in the largest financial and cultural center of the country. Both these cities, like Beijing, were founded before our era, experienced attacks and destruction, rebuilt and did not immediately acquire a modern look. Today, the largest cities in China are in no way inferior in beauty and fundamentality to the major world capitals. High skyscrapers abut the sky, world trade centers and business districts do not stop working for a minute. Already today, China's economy is one of the most developed in the world.