The history of the 20th century - the era of great changes

The history of the 20th century is characterized by large-scale changes in all spheres of human life: in science, culture, economics, politics.

First of all, it should be noted a huge leap of scientific discoveries in the field of physics, chemistry and biology. If in the 19th century the volume of scientific knowledge doubled in 50 years, the history of the 20th century surprised with such a result in just 5 years.

The invention of a steam engine, which led to the development of rail transport, and radio enabled scientists to communicate more often and share their discoveries. Each achievement, albeit insignificant, gave impetus to a new scientific advancement.

The appearance of semiconductors allowed to control the electric current, which led to the appearance of transistors.

The discovery of the existence of neutrons gave impetus to the development of nuclear energy, a neutron bomb appeared .

The discovery of the structure of DNA led to the emergence of a new science - genetic engineering. And this made it possible to clone animals.

The history of the 20th century showed that the avalanche of scientific discoveries had a huge impact on the development of all spheres of human activity. There was a car, a phone, a TV, a computer, a cell phone, the Internet. Industrial production and agriculture were equipped with high-quality equipment, which significantly increased labor productivity, and therefore, the volume of products.

As a result, there was a huge leap of scientific and technological progress. And since the market economy, which is typical for all capitalist countries, is not a planned one, in most highly developed countries there has appeared an overproduction of consumer goods. All the goods required marketing, the struggle for markets was fierce. It is not at all surprising that the history of the 20th century at its end was marked by a series of economic crises that hit many countries with an avalanche. The lack of markets forced industrialists to close factories and plants, which led to an increase in unemployment.

The history of the 20th century gave humanity a new social formation - a socialist one - which differed significantly from other formations, first of all, by the form of ownership of the means of production, the availability of a planned economy, the lack of exploitation of man by man , etc. After the Second World War, the number of countries with socialist orientation grew, and Between the two different formations there was a constant confrontation, or the so-called "cold war". At the end of the century, the socialist system did not withstand the rigorous tests of reality.

The twentieth century was filled with almost uninterrupted wars and revolutions.

Along with progressive phenomena, it should be noted that world history, the 20th century, marked a number of problems. This is primarily:

- Danger of use of atomic energy;

- environmental problems, first of all - pollution of the environment and water shortage;

- the emergence and spread of new dangerous diseases - drug addiction and AIDS;

- natural disasters, etc.

The intensive development of science and technology inspires us with new hopes (eg, advances in medicine) and new fears.