The fallopian tubes

Fallopian tube is a paired organ. Its task is to carry the ovule into the uterus cavity from the peritoneal cavity (from the ovary). There are uterine tubes in the pelvic area. They are represented by ducts of cylindrical shape. Each fallopian tube lies in the wide uterine ligament (the upper edge), the site of which is a mesentery.

The length of the body is from ten to twelve centimeters. Fallopian tubes have a lumen on one side communicating with the uterine cavity, and on the other - with the peritoneum. Its size ranges from two to four centimeters. Thus, the female abdominal cavity has a communication with the external environment through the vagina, the uterine cavity and the lumen.

Fallopian tubes initially occupy a horizontal position. Then, after reaching the walls of the small pelvis, they go around the ovaries and terminate at their medial surfaces.

The fallopian tube consists of the uterine part enclosed in the wall of the uterus, isthmus, ampulla, funnel and long narrow fringes, one of which has a different length. She, reaching the ovary, often grows up to him. The narrowest and, with this, thick-walled part is the isthmus. With the help of a fringe, the egg moves in the direction of the funnel. On its bottom there is an abdominal opening through which the released egg is released into the lumen.

Fallopian tubes have walls represented externally by a serous membrane. Under it is the base. The next layer is formed by a two-layer muscle shell. It continues into the musculature of the uterus. The outer layer is formed by bundles of smooth muscle cells. They are arranged longitudinally. An inner, thicker layer forms circularly oriented bundles of muscle cells. Below this shell is the mucosa. It forms longitudinal folds along the entire length of the pipe. As you approach the abdominal opening, the mucosa thickens, and more folds appear on it. In the funnel they are especially numerous. Mucous covers the epithelium. His cilia oscillate in the uterine direction.

The blood supply of the organ is carried out by means of two sources: branches from the artery of the ovaries and the uterus. The outflow of venous blood from the fallopian tube takes place on the same veins in the wreath of veins. Lymphatic vessels flow into the lymph nodes of the lumbar region.

As medical practice shows, after reaching a certain age, if the desired number of children is available, a tubal ligation is used for the purpose of contraception . The consequences of this procedure can be expressed in the development of infection, various complications, bleeding.

This intervention is carried out under both local and general anesthesia. As a rule, the procedure is carried out on an outpatient basis. To carry out the necessary intervention, one of the available methods is used.

With a laparoscopy, a small incision is made below the navel. Insert the device through the hole. The laparoscope allows you to see the tubes and operate them.

Minilaparotomy involves a cut in the lower abdomen. This method is usually applied after a short period after childbirth.

The duration of the surgical procedure is ten to forty-five minutes.

After the procedure, the transition of the ovaries to the uterus is blocked. Thus, fertilization is prevented. As a rule, the procedure does not normally affect the menstrual cycle of a woman and the production of hormones in her body.

The possibility of restoring fertility after dressing is more likely to succeed than in men who have undergone vasectomy.

It should be noted that the procedure does not protect the woman from the penetration of sexual infections.