The concept of "personality": approaches in psychology

The concept of "personality" has several approaches in psychological science.

First, the personality is described in terms of its aspirations and motives, which constitute the unique content of the personal world. The concept of "personality" in this sense includes individual ways of ordering external and internal images in the mind of a person.

Secondly, a personified approach. Within its framework, the concept of "personality" is interpreted as a system of special features - stable and manifested outwardly characteristics of individuality. They are expressed in the person's judgments about himself and the judgments of others about him.

Third, the sociological concept of personality. In this approach, much attention is paid to its functioning in society. Therefore, the process of socialization, the formation of norms and values becomes very important.

Fourth, the concept of "personality" includes the active "I" of the subject as a system of relations, plans, semantic entities and orientation.

Based on these approaches, a number of key points were developed:

1. The concept of "personality" is a social generalization that includes everything that exists in a person of the supernatural. Therefore, it is not congenital, but arises from cultural and social development.

2. A person becomes a person who has his own position in life, formed as a result of conscious and very large work. He is able to show the independence of thoughts, unbanality of feelings and special concentration.

3. A person is a specifically human entity, formed by a system of social relations, into which the individual can enter into his activity. Its development is a process that does not directly coincide with the person's lifetime, natural properties in adapting to the external environment.

4. The concept of "personality" is such a purposeful, self-organizing part of society, which has a special function. It is about the implementation of an individual way of functioning. Regulator of her behavior will be abilities, character, direction and outlook.

5. Personality is a self-organizing system, the object of attention and activity of which serves both the external world and itself. As a result of its formation, the "I" appears, which includes self-esteem, self-image, self-improvement program, the ability to self-observation, self-regulation and self-analysis.

But any concept of personality includes what it should:

• Have an active life position and desire to achieve the set goals;
• To be able to make a choice in a situation of such necessity;
• Be able to evaluate the consequences of the executed decision;
• To keep the answer for actions to the society and itself;
• To form value orientations and motivationally-demanding sphere;
• To own an arsenal of means, methods and methods by which you can master your own behavior and subordinate it to yourself;
• To have freedom of choice.

In psychology there is a large number of attempts to reveal the central core of the personality. As a result of numerous studies, a number of conclusions were drawn:

1. Personality includes a system of psychological traits and qualities that relate to the sphere of morality, morality and self-improvement.

2. The inner core in ontogeny is formed quite late. This becomes possible when the full formation of the "I" has occurred, as a rule, in adolescence.

3. Most scientists agree that a person can not arise as a result of passive external actions on an adolescent. It develops only in the process of its own activity.