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The child does not speak at 2 years. What time do the children start talking? When does the child speak the first word?
What if the child does not speak at the age of 2? How to respond to parents? Are there any teaching methods aimed at developing speech? When does the child speak the first word? What specialists to contact? Read about this in our article.
What time do the children start talking?
Usually by the year the babies confidently pronounce the simplest words: "Give", "Mama", "Baba", "Dad". This is the time when the child speaks his first word, even if unconsciously. By the age of two and a half the child should not only replenish his vocabulary, but also learn how to add simple words from words: "Give a Bear", "Let's Go for a Walk!", "Buy a Ball!", "Give a Pen!" And t But what if the child does not speak at all in 2 years or utters muffled sounds that are understandable only to my mother? Why does a child "have porridge in his mouth" when his peers are already "chirping"? Should I say in this case about some kind of backwardness, or is this stubborn silence the only individual feature? And most importantly - how to teach a child who has reached two or three years of age to speak?
Reasons for silence
The reasons why a child does not speak at 2 years is many.
Hearing loss. When the little one is not very good at hearing, then, accordingly, he will not take the speech of those around him well. In more severe cases (down to deafness), the child may not speak at all or strongly distort sounds and words in general.
Heredity. If you, for example, yourself pronounced the first coherent words late, then there is nothing strange about the fact that the child does not speak at 2 years old. Although, if the kid has not mastered simple sentences by the age of three, it is worthwhile to take care and examine the child.
Weakening of the body. Prematurity or serious illness, for example, can delay the maturation (development) of the nervous system and, consequently, speech itself.
Hypoxia.
Injuries (incl. And generic).
Severe intoxication.
Frightened.
Postponed operation.
Incorrect education (for example, excessive care, when the child's desires are literally foreseen).
Developmental disorders in general.
Between the parents there are rumors that the girls are supposed to start walking and talking earlier than the boys. In fact, this theory has no substantiated confirmation. It happens that a child does not want to speak for two or even three years, and then suddenly breaks it into whole, correctly formulated sentences. If the kid understands perfectly what his parents and associates tell him and even performs some simple instructions ("approach", "take", "put", "sit down", etc.), then worry, most likely, about nothing.
Active speech can occur suddenly
If the baby repeats the words that you say to him, it does not mean that he really understands them. Do not torment, do not make him pronounce what you want to hear. In some children imitation can be deferred. Try to call the baby to talk. For example, ask your child questions often, do not rush to fulfill wishes (let him voice them). Children have their own rhythms of development. Of course, there are so-called "norms", but one can not forget about individuality. Someone later shows teeth, someone misses the period of crawling and immediately starts running. Therefore, if the child says little, do not panic. Just give the crumbs time. Do not hurry. Do not do for him what he could do on his own (put slippers on, or drink milk, or eat). Does not work? Help. But only so that it was unobtrusive. Push your crumb to independence.
And many psychologists advise you to turn on the TV less often, because your speech practically merges with the sounds from the TV, accordingly, your child perceives your voice as a general noise. Therefore, in most cases, the parents depend on how much children start talking.
What specialists could help?
If the child does not speak in two years, find out the reason for the silence. What kind of specialists will you need to pass? First of all - the pediatrician. He will not only conduct a general examination, but also give directions to narrow children's specialists: laura, speech therapist, neurologist, psychiatrist.
Speech therapist, after testing, determine the correspondence of speech and mental development levels. For confirmation or refutation, he may send the baby for an examination to the psychoneurologist.
The task of Laura is to check whether there is a relationship between speech delay and problems with the articulatory apparatus (for example, a truncated hyoid frenum) and hearing. The doctor will examine the oral cavity, make an audiogram.
The sooner the problem becomes clear, the easier it is to cope with it. But what if the baby is healthy and intellectually developed? Some experts say that parents should wait for up to three years, since this is the age at which a sharp jump in all development takes place, and after a long silence the child can speak not only in separate phrases but in whole sentences. By the way, these children not only do not lag behind peers in their studies, but sometimes they surpass them. Of course, if the child does not speak at the age of 2, it is impossible to wait for this wonderful jump. It is necessary to help him develop according to simple and rather fascinating methods.
When is it worth starting to teach your baby to talk?
Unequivocally this question is not answered. Actually, the learning process, in fact, begins in the womb. It is proved that the child perceives sounds and reacts to them, while still in the mother's tummy. He calms down, "listening" when a woman sings a song or, on the contrary, "fights" when she swears. Psychology is a subtle science, and what was laid before birth is sure to come after. Active activities with the baby are worth starting when the baby:
Tries to explain something by sounds (or gestures);
He does not just hear everything, but understands speech;
Alone with himself says rubbish, but quite clearly pronounces almost all the sounds.
The relationship between speech development and fine motor skills
Up to six months the child enthusiastically repeats the mum's facial expressions, which talks to him. However, from seven months of imitation this weakened. The kid is actively studying such a rich external world, and his attention to the parents is not so sharp.
It is noted that speech development goes in parallel with the development of motor skills. Of particular importance lies in the opposition of the thumb to all the others. Let's roll the ball, use the clay to work with it, buy it multicolored wooden beads (larger). By a year and a half, start to master more complex manipulations:
Fastening of locks and buttons;
Tying knots;
Lacing (it's not yet about the ability to tie shoelaces on shoes, teach your child to push laces into small holes), etc.
Left hand movements are responsible for the development of the right hemisphere and vice versa. Very useful are those joint games, which contain the elements of bending fingers.
Critical periods in the development of the speech function
Doctors distinguish several periods:
Between the first and second year in the development of speech clear preconditions of speech are traced. This time of "babbling" words: "la-la", "nya-nya", "la-la", "ba-ba", etc. Already at this time, one must think about how to teach the child to speak correctly. More often ask the crumb to show a bird, a horse, a cow, a dog, a cat, etc. Encourage him to speak (sound) the actions. An ideal example for imitation is your own. Teach the crumb of new movements: "sit down", "give", "lie down", "take". Use games in which actions are performed by the team of adults: "Ladushki", "Magpie-Crow", "Top-top", etc.
In the interval between 1.5 and 2.2 years, children try to connect two or even three words. What can a kid usually say at that age? For example, such phrases as: "De Baba?", "Dai Pi", etc. By this age, the child absorbs generalized concepts. The word "impossible", for example, is used in all sorts of situations. Begin to increase the number and narrow the meaning of words understood by the baby: call the details of clothing (cap, socks, blouse, pantyhose, etc.), furniture, toys. It is important to comment and apply the actions: "take a toy", "dress shirt", "button up button", etc. It is desirable to accompany any action of the baby with treatment.
By 2.6 years, the vocabulary of crumbs begins to grow rapidly. He already asks himself, pointing his finger at an unfamiliar subject: "What is this?" It's hard to say how much children start talking. If you mean already conscious speech (not a period of imitation), then, perhaps, at this age. The child does not pronounce the words very clearly, often distorts them. And adults, trying to "go down to the level" of the child, also begin to distort their conversation, slowing the formation of the speech of the baby. Indeed, why should a child learn to pronounce words clearly and correctly, if they understand this? Remember: the kid should hear all the words in the correct pitch! Then to three - three and a half years, he himself will speak quite well. By this age, words will change by case and number, and sentences will become more complex. However, you can not overestimate the requirements, otherwise the child will simply close. By the way, this is one of the reasons why a child does not speak.
Three years is the time when the child passes to contextual speech. Here, the coordination of attention, memory, analysis, and speech engine is already required. Mismatched work of the central nervous system can cause stubbornness and negativity from the side of the baby. This system is still quite vulnerable, therefore, against the background of stress (even a small one), so-called mutism and stuttering are possible. By the way, failures are possible and in 6-7 years, when it's time to begin the development of written speech. At this time, the CNS is subject to a heavy load and is on the verge of stress.
If the delay in speech development is not associated with CNS diseases ...
If the child does not speak at the age of 2, if he refuses to repeat words for you, if he does not ask for help and solves his own problems on his own, speech development assistance is clearly needed. Some parents write off such behavior on the stubbornness or early independence and do not hear the "first bells". Ignoring leads to a lag in speech development. This, in turn, is fraught with the aggravation of stubbornness and self-will. Hysterical reactions may increase. If a child does not speak for 2.5 years, and adults adhere endlessly with a request to "repeat", "say", you can wait and increase the negativity. As a result, your child not only does not want to duplicate words, but also will be silent at all. Forget about such requests. At least for a while.
What to do?
First, create the conditions in which the child will have to communicate. An excellent option - playgrounds, the perfect - a kindergarten. Children there develop faster, because not only are forced to take an example with already fully communicating peers, but also somehow express their desires and needs. Many children, who have been silent for up to three years, suddenly begin to "give out" such complex words as "armored personnel carrier", "synchrophasotron", etc. By the way, they often start talking privately, completely refusing to communicate with adults.
Try to diversify the child's impressions. He must receive new emotions and knowledge every day. Let it be going to the circus, to the park, to nature. You in fact experience a storm of emotions, when the child speaks the first word? Imagine that your crumb also has an ocean of feelings, and he will want to share it with you.
And be sure to do it. The development of speech is a painstaking process, requiring persistence, a regime, and patience. Prepare yourself for what you do with a speech therapist.
Duties of parents
Be engaged with the kid. But you will turn lessons into a game. Pronounce the names of those objects that you will see together. If the kid does not repeat them - do not insist, let the training be imperceptible, unobtrusive. Sincerely rejoice if your child utters a new word. Praise it. Do not warn all the desires of a crumb, put suggestive questions: "What color?", "Do you want to eat?", "What does the cow do?" And increase the complexity of answers gradually, starting with a simple one. Read the baby nursery rhymes, fairy tales, sing songs. And necessarily reproduce the sounds (meowing, buzzing), encouraging attempts to repeat the words you just said. Do not lisp - the words must be pronounced correctly, clearly. Comment on the actions (and his, and his). Teach the crumb krivlyatsya (stretch the lips, pull them into the tube, flip the tongue), this is an excellent charging for the articulatory apparatus. If the toddler expresses desires with some gestures, correct him, voicing his desires in the interrogative form: "Do you want to drink?", "The toy fell?", Etc. Start a diary in which you will make all the changes: new sounds, Words, onomatopoeia. So it will be easier to trace the growth of speech development.
Talking games for children
This is another weighty coin in a coin box. This type of activities will appeal to children who like to watch TV. If a child does not speak for 2 years, pick up discs with such games. Learning will turn into a real fun!
Games are designed taking into account the characteristic age characteristics of children. Here, the development of speech, and broadening the horizon as a whole. For each age - its own program, which is also divided by themes: sound ("Pozhuzhzhim", "Tick-tak", etc.), development of horizons ("Pets", "Wild animals", "Who here said" mu " And others), the development of attention, memory, hearing ("Mysteries of sounds", "Visiting a bug", "The Wizard", "Fairy", etc.), the development of breathing (mostly games with a microphone: "Helicopter", "Bee "," Cake and candles "), a talking alphabet for children and even joint creativity (you can invent big and small stories, compare, call, repeat). Children perceive such exercises much better, because they really pass in a playful form. On the one hand, adults do not press, on the other - the baby is given independence (of course, under your supervision, but he does not know about it). There is also articulatory gymnastics, which can replace the speech therapist to some extent. All this collection is called "Learning to speak" for children from 2 to 7 years.
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