Sulkovich's trial. Indication, technique of conducting

Laboratory methods of research in medicine allow you to see the presence of inflammatory processes in the body or point to specific diseases (for example, the pathology of the blood system, the presence of kidney failure, a lack of digestive enzymes, diabetes mellitus). Sometimes due to the analysis it is possible to understand the cause of the violation (viral or microbial agent).

There are many methods for assessing the qualitative and quantitative composition of urine. These include the following: general analysis, Sulkovich's test, Nechiporenko, Zimnitsky, Addis-Kakovski, Amburge, etc. Each of these methods helps to suspect a certain pathology of the urogenital system, as well as the presence of other diseases.

Sulkovich's test - what is it used for?

A urine sample for Sulkovich is designed to determine the content of calcium in it. This method is used for suspected rickets. The disease is associated with the incorrect formation of bones due to a lack of calcium in the body. This pathology is widespread among infants who do not receive a prophylactic dose of vitamin D or lacks sunlight. Sulkovich's test in this case is relative, and not absolute, so the diagnosis of rickets only with its help is not correct. More often this analysis is used to control the dose of vitamin D and to avoid its overdose, which is manifested by hypercalcemia.

What is dangerous for hypercalcemia?

The condition in which the body is located in excess of the calcium content is very dangerous. They are accompanied by many diseases, for example, hypervitaminosis, hormonal disorders, sarcoidosis, tumors, etc. Excess calcium causes damage to all organs and systems, but the bones, the central nervous system, the intestines and the vessels suffer most. The pathological condition is expressed by a violation of consciousness (up to coma), muscle weakness or tension, arterial hypertension, a decrease in heart rate, the appearance of kidney stones, and deterioration of glomerular filtration. Since calcium is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, an increase in its level leads to digestive disorders, including nausea, vomiting, constipation. In the bone system, the tissues become denser, which is accompanied by impaired movement and soreness.

Sulkovich's trial. Explanation of results

In order to avoid such dangerous conditions as hyper- and hypocalcemia, Sulkovich's trial is carried out. The mechanism of the procedure consists in introducing into the urine of the patient a special substance that contains oxalic acid. In the presence of calcium in the analysis, the Sulkovich reagent interacts with it, which is determined by the precipitation of a turbid precipitate. The sample is evaluated on a five-point system (from 0 to 4). In this case, the average values are considered normal. As with increased, and with a lower content of calcium in the body, the result will show the Sulkovich trial. Explanation:

1. Complete lack of reaction (transparency of urine) allows you to put 0 points. This result indicates a hypocalcemia, in this case the Sulkovich trial is negative.

2. An insignificant degree of turbidity indicates 1-2 points. This is a normal result, that is, the amount of calcium in the body is sufficient.

3. With a strongly turbid urine is exposed 3 and 4 degree. This indicates hypercalcemia.

Indication for the sample

The Sulkovich test is a common diagnostic method, which is used to identify a variety of pathologies. Assign this analysis to many specialists, most often nephrologists, endocrinologists, oncologists, gastroenterologists, neuropathologists. Such a number of specialists is due to the fact that the symptoms of excess or lack of calcium are expressed in the defeat of all systems, so it is necessary to conduct a qualitative differential diagnosis. The indications are the following: suspicion of hyper- or hypothyroidism, sarcoidosis, increased intake of vitamins D and A. In oncology, this test is used to detect calcium-producing tumors that can be located in any organ, most often in the thyroid gland. Sulkovich's test in children is necessary to control the use of vitamin D, which is widely used in pediatric practice for the prevention of rickets.

Technique for collecting analysis

When assigning this laboratory study, parents have questions about what is the Sulkovich test, how to take the analysis, why it is needed, etc. Dishes for urine should be dry and clean, since this factor can affect the wrong result. Before collecting the analysis, you should carefully wash your genitals with soap. Then release a small jet of morning urine into the toilet bowl, the rest - in the dishes. Before taking the test, you need to limit yourself to drinking mineral water, dairy products, greens, alcoholic beverages and coffee. Violation of this rule leads to a false positive Sulkovich's trial. Restriction of products containing large amounts of calcium is recommended for 3 days before the test.

Principles of treatment of hyper- and hypocalcemia

With a sharply positive or negative Sulkovich test, correct drug therapy is necessary. With hypercalcemia, it is important first to find out the cause of the disease. If the fault is the use of vitamin D, then it should be canceled. With a negative sample shows sour-milk products, protein food, ground eggshell. Calcium preparations should be administered under strict control so that the opposite symptoms do not develop.