Subjects of legal relations

Subjects of legal relations are participants of legal relations, which are endowed with mutual duties and rights. As a rule, there are two sides. A witness and an investigator, a buyer and a seller are subjects of legal relations. However, there is also a multifaceted interaction. So, for example, each citizen is in legal relations with other entities, with the state as a whole. At the same time, the remaining parties are obliged to respect the human rights and the citizen, not to interfere with their incarnation.

The diverse and numerous in their composition subjects of legal relations can be combined into two groups. So, separate individual and collective aspects of interactions. Individual subjects of legal relations are first of all citizens of the country, foreign citizens, persons with dual citizenship and who do not have citizenship at all. Collective parties should include state territorial units (cities, subjects, states, districts, electoral districts and other units), the population of these entities, organizations (public associations, commercial structures, state bodies, etc.). These are the main types of subjects of legal relations.

Citizens can be parties to different interactions. So, for example, in those or other situations they act as subjects of labor legal relationships, housing, property, criminal law, family and others.

The ability to participate in those or other interactions is determined by a particular feature. This feature is called "legal personality". This criterion, in turn, consists of three components:

1. Legal capacity - the ability to have rights and responsibilities.
2. Capacity to act - the ability to realize the legal capacity through the commission of independent actions.
3. Disabilities - the ability to bear for their actions legal responsibility.

One of the most important properties of legal personality is guaranteed by its state. Thus, the relevant state bodies are obliged to provide entities with the opportunity to fully and unhinderedly exercise the rights, as well as to fulfill the corresponding duties.

It should be noted that legal personality is characterized by different volumes. So, for individuals, the volume depends on citizenship, age, and morale. So, for example, from the age of sixteen, the responsibility for all crimes comes, from fourteen - only for the most dangerous. From the age of eighteen a citizen can take part in the voting.

The citizens of their state are endowed with large rights, in comparison with foreigners. This applies to elections, political and other spheres of public life.

In addition, for people who suffer from mental illness, there are certain restrictions. These restrictions include, in particular, the right to dispose of property, to participate in elections and so on. The extent of legal personality has to a certain extent the impact of both sex and education of a citizen. All this shows that the real legal status of each citizen is not the same.

For state territorial formations and the population, the legal personality is established by the provisions of international legal acts, the Constitution, and other laws.

The opportunity to participate in those or other interactions for state bodies is determined by their competence. The legal personality of individual entrepreneurs and organizations conducting commercial, industrial and other activities that have appropriate state registration is established in accordance with the legal status.