List of professions and positions. All-Russian classifier of professions

A number of normative acts have been adopted in the legislation of the Russian Federation establishing the procedure for classifying workers' professions, as well as positions of employees. What is the purpose of these sources of law? Which of them are among the most in demand at Russian enterprises?

Classification of professions and positions: normative regulation

The list of professions and positions is officially fixed in the legislation of Russia. More precisely, in the Classifier OK 016-94, which was adopted by the State Standard of Russia in 1994. Subsequently, the state classifier of posts and professions was supplemented by various provisions. Along with this source of law, the Russian legislator has adopted other normative acts that determine the various lists of working positions. Among these are the Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation of May 21, 2001 No. 511 / 13-13. Through this NAP, the legislator has approved the list of employees' professions in educational organizations.

One way or another, one of the key sources of law is still the Classifier OK 016-94. It is included in the Unified System for Collecting Statistical Information. Let us consider in more detail the specifics of the application of such a source, as the all-Russian classifier of professions OK 016-94.

All-Russian classifier OK 016-94: application features

It can be noted that the document in question was developed in place of a source of similar designation - the All-Union Classifier, which listed lists of professions, positions, and tariff grades. This source was developed, therefore, in the USSR. The new document, in turn, was designed to reflect the specifics of the personnel structure of enterprises operating under a market economy in modern Russia.

Classifier OK 016-94 is designed to solve such problems as:

- an estimation of quantity of workers of the enterprises,

- accounting of the composition, as well as the distribution of specialists in various categories, qualifications, working conditions,

- determination of the need for specialists competent in a particular field.

The document in question was adopted, as we noted above, in 1994, but it still remains relevant today. Of course, periodically it requires adjustments, through which a list of new professions and positions corresponding to the positions that appear during the development of the national economy is formed. The legislator, as can be traced, considering various versions of the Classifier, tries to take into account this regularity and supplements the corresponding document with new norms.

The classifier of posts and professions, approved by Gosstandart, is used primarily as a statistical tool - for the purpose of accounting for the number of citizens who perform labor activities in a particular industry by state bodies. Information about each working citizen is thus fixed in the accounting system maintained by the competent authority. As a result, the state has information on how many citizens work in a particular segment of the economy.

Information on employees in accordance with the lists, which includes the All-Russian classifier of professions, are provided to the competent state bodies in the manner prescribed by law. Accountants or specialists of personnel services of enterprises can answer for sending the accounting documents containing the necessary information.

Application of the Classifier in large and small enterprises

In most cases, the need for a detailed study of the provisions of the Classifier occurs in large enterprises. This, as a rule, is due to the presence in them of departments performing a variety of production functions. Thus, for some structural units, there may be a need to compile a list of dangerous occupations for calculating employee benefits and compensations. Other departments of the firm may be required to determine what employees can be highly qualified specialists - taking into account the lists fixed in the Classifier.

In practice, the provisions of the document in question can also be applied to the formalization of employment relations with employees of the firm. Information that includes an officially fixed list of professions and positions can be used for the purposes of correct drafting of contracts, for specifying a specific position of an employee in the relevant documents, as well as in work books. This method of applying the Classifier characterizes the work of personnel services not only of large enterprises, but also of small businesses. In the event that an enterprise needs to formalize a person for a rather rare position, it is important to correctly reflect it in the documents that fix the employment relationship between the employee and the employer.

Let us now examine in more detail how the state classifier is structured, in which the list of professions and positions is reflected.

Structure of the classifier of posts and professions

The classifier, in which the list of working professions and positions is fixed, consists of 2 main elements:

- section on the occupations of workers;

- section on employees.

The first section reflects the list of the professions of workers according to the criteria defined in the Unified Directory of Work and Occupations, as well as those positions, rights and obligations for which are fixed in charters, regulations and regulations that regulate various characteristics of professions in those or Other segments of the economy.

The second section, which reflects the information on the positions of employees, is formed on the basis of the criteria fixed in the Unified Nomenclature of the relevant positions, as well as in the Qualification Handbook on leadership positions, positions of specialists and employees.

In addition, another relevant approved list of occupations in the sphere of regulatory regulation of labor relations can be used. As for, in particular, the names of posts of civil servants - they are applied in accordance with separate subordinate legal acts.

The positions present in the Classifier are represented by 3 blocks:

- identification;

- containing the name of the object;

- Informational.

It can be noted that the identification block is formed based on the specifics of the object coding system. It has 5 decimal places, as well as a control number, which is calculated on the basis of methods provided for by a special methodology.

The main element of the Classifier is a table in which the list of professions and posts, as well as the codes that are set for them, is fixed. Let us consider its structure in more detail.

Table as the main element

So, in the table there are names of professions, specialties, and also codes that correspond to them. In this case, they can include 6 different kinds of values, which are prescribed in separate columns.

In the first code is fixed by the Classifier. He is five-valued. The first digit can be represented by the range 1-4. If you select code 1 or 3, it means that the working profession is reflected. If code 2 or 4 is selected, the service position is indicated. The remaining figures reflect information about a particular area of human activity.

The second column displays the check number. It can be represented in a row from 0 to 9.

The fourth column of the table, which includes the official list of professions and positions, reflects the category that the employee must have in order to fulfill his duties. The data here can be given in a specific meaning or within a range.

The fifth column reflects the number corresponding to the release of the Single Qualification Handbook.

In the sixth column, the code corresponding to the Classifier of lessons is reflected. It is a source that to some extent complements the list in question, but, as experts say, is inferior to it in informativeness. The corresponding code is denoted by a four-digit number. It can be noted that the term "occupation" for a special Classifier is characterized by greater capacity than the concept of "profession". Therefore, the same occupation can correspond to several professions, which will include an official list of types of jobs and professions.

Directly the list of positions is fixed in the third column of the classifier - in alphabetical order. The corresponding points are divided into 2 groups - according to working professions, as well as positions of employees.

As for the information blocks, which reflect information on the working professions, they presume the presence of special codes - faceted ones. Let's consider their specifics in more detail.

Faceted codes for working professions

The codes in question reflect the relevance of the profession to one or another issue number of the Single Qualification Handbook, as well as to the positions of the Classifier of Occupations. In the information block of the list under consideration there are 7 facets, which reflect the conformity of professions according to such signs as:

- type of production or works - in correlation with the issues of the Unified Qualification Directories (facet 01, its duration is 2 digits);

- tariff categories (facet 02, its duration - 1 character);

- classes or categories of qualification of the employee (facet 03, its duration - 1 character);

- Forms and mechanisms of payment (facet 04, its duration - 2 characters);

- working conditions (facet 05, duration - 1 character);

- level of mechanization of labor activity (facet 06, duration - 1 character);

- derivative trades (facet 07, its duration - 1 character).

Worker's code: example

For example, the profession of the turner will be represented in the code, which will consist of the following numbers:

- 1 - this indicator reflects the fact that the working profession is encoded;

- 9149 - this figure shows that we are talking about the profession of a turner;

- 6 - this figure represents the control number;

- 02 - the corresponding indicator indicates that the profession is correlated with the 2nd edition of the Single Qualification Handbook;

- 7223 - this figure reflects the relevance of the profession to the core group that is related to the Classifier of Occupations;

- 5 - the corresponding indicator reflects the fact that a person needs to have the 5th tariff rank;

- 12 - this figure shows that a piece-bonus scheme for calculating the salary of employees is applied;

- 1 - the corresponding indicator reflects that the working profession is characterized by normal working conditions;

- 2 - this figure indicates that a person carries out his labor activity through machines and mechanisms.

It turns out that the turner's profession code, formed on the basis of the criteria that are reflected in the Classifier, will look like 19149602722351212.

Similarly, faceted codes list of professions RF also provides for the classification of positions of employees. Consider them.

Facet Codes for Employees by Classifier

In this case, we are talking about codes that reflect the category of the post - they have 1 sign, as well as pointing to a specific position according to the classifier of the class, in which 4 signs are fixed.

By means of 3 facets posts are reflected on such signs as:

- category (facet 10, which is represented by 1 character);

- derived items (facet 11, represented by 2 signs);

- categories or qualification classes (facet 12, represented by 1 character).

It can be noted that the facets 11 and 12 are chosen based on the specifics of a particular post. Thus, in qualifying positions the qualification is not fixed. Therefore, only the facet 11 is selected for the corresponding posts.

Employee position code: example

For example, such a position as a deputy head of the financial and economic department of the enterprise will have a code consisting of such indicators as:

- 2 - indicating the position;

- 4695 - reflecting the fact that the matter concerns the position of the head of the department;

- 1 - used as a reference number;

- 1 - reflecting the fact that we are talking about the category of managers at the enterprise;

- 1231 - the linking position with the corresponding base group in the Classifier of occupations;

- 03 - reflecting the fact that it is a derivative position.

The relationship between OK 016-94 and the Classifier of Occupations

It can be noted that between the objects of the Classifier, which was introduced by the Decree of the State Standard on the approval of the list of professions and positions, and those that are present in the Classifier of occupations, it is assumed that there are links that allow the first to be classified as belonging to the second group within the list to which the second . That is, each position - the worker or the employee, as a rule, can be attributed to a certain category of occupation.

However, it should be noted: taking into account the fact that such concepts as "occupation", "profession", as well as "position" differ significantly among themselves, the employee of the personnel department of the enterprise who uses the Classifier in question may need to use explanations To certain classifications of the Classifier of Occupations - in order to determine the unambiguous connection with its objects of those positions that are envisaged by the official list of professions and positions under consideration.