Sources of formation of circulating assets

Sources of formation of current assets are divided into borrowed, borrowed and own. The main role belongs to the latter. They participate in the circulation of funds due to the fact that organizations whose activities are based on commercial calculation should have a specific independence (property and operational). This is necessary in order to not only cost-effectively conduct business, but also to bear full responsibility for all decisions made.

The structure of fixed assets includes production and non-productive funds. The first function in the course of the production process. They take constant part in it and transfer their value to the finished product. Non-productive funds are used to service the production process. They do not participate directly in the process and do not transfer their value to the goods.

The formation of resources is carried out at the moment when a statutory fund is created when the enterprise is created. Sources of formation of current assets in this case are investment funds of all founders. In the process of activity, replenishment is carried out with the help of the received profit.

Sources of formation of working capital can be a sustainable liability. They do not belong to the enterprise. At the same time, stable liabilities in the turnover of the organization are constantly and serve as sources of funds in the form of a sum of their minimum balance. They include:

1. Minimum wage arrears for employees, moving from month to month.

2. Reserves to cover the costs.

3. Moving balances of the consumer fund.

4. Minimum overdue debt to off-budget funds and budget.

5. Funds of creditors received in the form of prepayment.

6. Buyers' mortgages for returnable packaging.

Debt sources of formation of circulating assets are expedient for attracting for reduction of the general economic requirement for them (means of a turn). At the same time, more efficient use of resources is provided.

As a rule, borrowed funds are bank loans for short periods. Loan resources allow meeting temporary, additional needs. Among the main directions of attracting loans for the purpose of creating working capital, it should be noted:

1. Lending of stocks of materials, raw materials and costs that are associated with the seasonal production process.

2. Carrying out of calculations, mediation of turnover of payments.

3. Short-term replenishment of the deficit of own resources.

As practice shows, borrowed funds in the form of loans are applied more efficiently than own means of turnover of the enterprise. This is due to the fact that loans circulate faster, have a designated purpose. In addition, these funds are issued for a clearly defined period and are accompanied by the payment of bank interest. These circumstances prompt the organization to provide constant control over the process of movement of credit resources, as well as the effectiveness of their application.

It should be noted that borrowed funds can represent not only short-term bank loans, but also accounts payable. The same category includes other attracted resources - reserves that are not temporarily used for the intended purpose, fund balances.

If the enterprise in the process of implementing the planned production program has a lower actual amount of working capital than the planned need for them, there is a release of working capital.