Some types of examinations

Expertise is a special study, the interpretation and establishment of certain facts, as well as circumstances. To carry out this activity, it is necessary to have special knowledge in any scientific field, art or craft or craft.

Some types of examinations

Study of the document's limitation. In this case, a physico-chemical assessment of the prescription of the signature, the imprint of the seal, the authenticity of the record, and other things is carried out. This study is carried out without damaging or changing the document with the help of special technology - spectrometry.

Handwriting examination is used in the study of the letter to establish certain characteristics of the person who executed the signature or wrote the text.

Technical and forensic analysis is carried out to determine the partial or general forgery of documents. The following documents should be referred to the objects of this research: typewritten, hand-written, made by polygraphic methods. In addition, the research can be applied to writing instruments (pens, pens, pencils and other), materials (paper, ink and other), seals, tools used for etching texts. The objects of study can be classified as equipment, components for it, binding materials and so on.

As a rule, the above-mentioned studies are used as types of forensic examinations and are conducted in accordance with the definition of the court, investigative bodies or inquiry. However, such an assessment can be carried out in accordance with the civil law contract for laboratory research.

Engineering and technical expertise

The construction and technical assessment is used on complexes and individual objects, construction sites and their elements, certain territories, special zones, land plots that have a functional relationship with the construction sites. The objects of research also include materials, structural elements, products, engineering systems, soil masses, sanitary and technical devices, electrical equipment and so on.

Land survey expertise is carried out in relation to land allotments, plots of different special-purpose designation, documents that confirm the ownership right, orders from the territorial self-government bodies for the allocation of land, land surveying, cadastral documents, acts of BTI.

Engineering and technological types of expertise are different studies of complex equipment, its technical condition, attributes, defects, malfunctions, damages, circumstances and the causes of their occurrence. Thus, machines, machinery, equipment, lifts, elevators, aggregates, cranes, instruments, apparatuses belong to the evaluation objects. They also study technological lines, raw materials, materials, drawings, photographs and other

Computer-technical assessment is an independent kind of forensic examination. It refers to the engineering and technical category. It is carried out to determine the status of the object as a computer tool, to gain access to the available data on the media and then to conduct a comprehensive study of it. The objects of study include classes of hardware, software or information objects.

Phonoscopic types of examinations are used to identify a person whose speech is recorded on a phonogram, seized equipment for sound recording, determining the authenticity and authenticity of records. This research is also used to determine the method of making a record (original or overwrite), the facts of the presence of signs of phonogram forgery, class, type of microphone and other.

Various types of environmental expertise are used as a legal measure to ensure compliance with certain environmental requirements.