Sheremetevsky Palace and its beauty (photo)

In 1703 Peter founded Petersburg. In just nine years, it becomes the capital of the state. The main city of the country with the direct participation of its patron begins to actively populate and improve. One of the first to relocate to the banks of the Neva was the relative of the king, Count-Field-Marshal Boris Petrovich Sheremetyev. To him for the construction of the estate was allocated a site number 34 on the Fontanka embankment.

The first stone buildings in the manor house

The site on one side was limited by the Fontanka River, on the other - Liteiny Prospekt. During the construction of the family estate the count and his family were placed on Millionnaya Street. On the site in time a wooden house and office wings appeared. The new estate was destined to become the patrimonial nest of the Sheremetyevs. On the site of the wooden house in 1730-ies was erected a one-story stone palace. In 1750-1755 the second floor of the building was built, designed by SI Chevakinsky and FS Argunov.

The farmstead of Petr Borisovich

The descendant of Boris Petrovich, who owned the estate, in connection with the sudden death of his wife and daughter in 1768, makes the decision to move to Moscow. While there, he begins the development of the estate. He inherited it from his wife. Later, even with his son, the Sheremetevsky Palace in Ostankino was completely completed. He, as well as the North, is one of the clan estates and in the absence of the owner repeatedly leases and continues to be rebuilt.

The heyday of theatrical art in the manor

The next owner of the estate in St. Petersburg is the son of Peter Borisovich Nicholas. At first the new owner preferred to live in Moscow, rarely visiting his Northern estate. However, already in 1796 he moved to St. Petersburg. Under the guidance of architect IE Starov, a significant renovation of the interior of the house on the Fontanka begins. Nikolai Petrovich was a great fan of scenic art. In the palace they organized a theater, the actors of which were serfs. He even gave free and in 1801 he married one of his actresses, Kovaleva Praskovya Ivanovna. In the period of his ownership, the reconstruction of the estate was done by Quarenghi and Voronikhin. On the territory of the estate, they had a Garden Pavilion and the Summer House, as well as the Carriage Sheds.

"To live for the Sheremetievsky account"

After the death of Nikolai Petrovich in 1809, the estate passes to his son Dmitri, who at that time was only six years old. A tutelary council is being formed, headed by the chief guardian M.I. Donaurov. Continued active restructuring: in the 1810s-20s there appeared the Office, the Fountain, the Hospital and the Singing Wing. The authors of the projects are H. Meyer and D. Kwardi. When Dmitri Nikolaevich, who served in the Cavalry Regiment, constant visitors to the palace become the co-owners of the owner, the expression "live for the Sheremetievsky account." Here, too, are often the artist Kiprensky and Pushkin. In 1837, the Count associated himself with the marriage of the lady-in-waiting of the empress Anna Sergeyevna. From this marriage in 1844 the son Sergey is born. In 1838, a cast-iron fence with a gate, decorated with the coat of arms of the Counts of the Sheremetyevs, appeared on the estate. The architect I. D. Corsini, who worked twenty years in the estate, radically rebuilt all the palace premises. In the 1840s, a garden wing appeared on its territory. The estate itself becomes one of the most visited places in the capital. Music evenings are held here, which are decorated with their performances by Glinka, Berlioz, Liszt, Schubert. The first wife of Dmitry Nikolaevich dies of poisoning in 1849. Ten years later, in 1859, he married for the second time. The son appears Alexander. To the Sheremetyevsky Palace in 1867 there is attached the North wing. The author of the project is NL Benois.

Sergey Dmitrievich and his view of the estate

In 1871 Count Dmitry Nikolaevich died. As a result of the division of property Sheremetievsky Palace Inherited To Sergey Dmitrievich. In 1874 on the territory of the manor there are new five-story buildings (architect A. K. Serebryakov). On the side of the Liteiny Prospect, apartment houses are being built, the front part on the Fontanka River - 34 is left unchanged. The beginning of the twentieth century is marked by destruction. Destroyed Grotto, Hermitage, Garden gate, Greenhouse, Chinese gazebo. Manezhs and Stables are rebuilt in the Theater Hall - now it is the Drama Theater on Liteiny. Appear in 1914, two-story shopping pavilions (the architect M. V. Krasovsky).

The estate after the revolution

In the post-revolutionary period, the Sheremetevsky Palace was transferred to the disposal of the new power by Sergei Dmitrievich. In one of his wings from the middle of 1924 to 1952 AA Akhmatova lived. The main parts of the building were redone. Until 1931 there was a museum here. Sheremetevsky Palace in 1984, the Institute of Arctic and Antarctica. As a result of improper use and care, the interiors of the halls lost their former grandeur and beauty, and some of the outbuildings became residential apartments. At the end of the 20 th century, the attitude towards the estate began to change. Sheremetevsky Palace Has undergone restoration. The main goal of this event was to recreate the atmosphere of the XVIII century. The first exhibition in the Sheremetyev Palace was represented by exhibits belonging to the family of the owners of the estate. Among them, completely unique samples. There are collections of paintings and art objects, musical instruments. In the house on the Fontanka, 34 traditionally held concerts and art exhibitions. Since 1989, the Literary and Memorial Museum of AA Akhmatova has been working. It recreates the working room of the poetess. The general public is presented with her books, photographs and personal belongings. In 2006, a monument to AA Akhmatova appeared on the site near the Sheremetyevsky Palace. His discovery was timed to the fortieth anniversary of the poet's death.

What does Sheremetiev Palace offer to guests?

The music museum, located in the building of the estate, has in its storerooms a huge collection of ancient instruments. It is considered to be one of the best in the world. The collection includes unique tools created by Russian and European masters in the 16th - 18th centuries, belonging to the royal dynasty of the Romanovs, as well as unique samples from around the world that have no analogues. Also in the museum are Russian bells and recreated copies of various antique instruments. You can visit the museum as part of the daily excursions there. Their themes are very diverse. For example, within the framework of the excursion "The Counts of Sheremetyevo" you can learn a lot about the creators of the estate, their life and destiny. There are other programs. For example, "Fountain House: Palace and Manor". This excursion is devoted to the architectural monument-estate and its creation. In its framework, you can learn many fascinating details from the life of the palace, for example, one of the legends that when designing the house drawings were used by F. B. Rastrelli. But still most of the excursions taking place in the Sheremetyev Palace are devoted to music: "Evolution of Keyboards", "Wind Instruments - Folk and Professional", "Outstanding names in the collection of musical instruments" and others.

Manor today

Sheremetevsky Palace, was the pride of five generations of its owners, their ancestral nest. For several centuries each of the owners kept and multiplied the property of the family. Art objects, an art gallery, antique sculptures, numismatic and weapons collections, the richest library - this is not a complete list of what the owners owned the estate until 1917. Sheremetevsky Palace, the photo of which is presented above, for several centuries was the meeting point of the intelligentsia. Today, he has not lost his former greatness and continues to attract millions of people to himself.