Sechenov Institute. The first medical institute named after Sechenov

Medicine since ancient times enjoyed a special honor among different civilizations. Another author of the Iliad told compatriots that one skilled therapist is worth hundreds of warriors. Thousands of people from childhood dream of being able to heal others, but only a few of them are real doctors. This is an inexpensive way - to learn to heal people all your life.

In the Russian Federation there is a university, where for over a quarter of a millennium adherents have been taught to save lives. A well-known and famous medical school, the Sechenov Institute, enjoys a well-deserved and well-deserved world fame. It has an impressive history, originating from the "golden" 18th century. Until the 21st century, the "first honey", as it has been called and named for hundreds of generations of students, remains true to its motto - to be the first among equals.

Becoming

Ironically, the history of medicine in Russia began with the re-equipment for teaching a rather modest building of the Main Pharmacy (now the Historical Museum) in 1755. The motive is clear: in a huge country there was no forge of medical personnel. In the former pharmacy, retail premises were converted to auditoriums, and textbooks appeared instead of test tubes and bottles. The first teachers were German professors. May 26, 1775 they first gave lectures to students.

The fateful decision for the development of Russian medicine was made by Empress Elizabeth in 1758 - to create a national Medical Faculty at the Moscow Imperial University. The royal decree mobilized the best forces of Russian society. The future 1 medical institute was born as the basic Russian institution of medicine. After all, before this fact the Germans, the British and the Dutch were considered the best doctors in the world, Europe and the world were not heard of Russian healers.

The largest faculty of the university was created, and special attention was paid to it. Count Shuvalov is building a new building for medicine on Mokhovaya, he was sure: Russian medicine - to be!

Russian medical scientists

There were their own, Russian medical scientists. Foma Barsuk-Moiseev became the first Russian doctor of sciences . The foundations of the faculty were created by Russian professors Petr Dmitrievich Veniaminov and Semyon Gerasimovich Zybelin, well-known specialists who have a brilliant practice, people known and respected by the capital's society. They worked, obsessed with the idea, because it was a matter of state importance. Ten years later, enthusiastic founders joined the enthusiastic professor by their example: Ivan Andreevich Sibirskii, Ivan Ivanovich Vech, Mikhail Ivanovich Skiadan. It was a success and a recognition in the Fatherland. A decade later, the faculty was awarded the title of Doctor of Sciences, which indicated the acquisition of international status. Even at the earliest stage of its formation, the future Sechenov Institute demonstrated remarkable dynamics of development.

XIX century. Growth

The beginning of the XIX century, the renowned university met, changing its structure. Already in 1804 the Faculty of Medicine received a structure that maximally contributes to the development and prosperity of medical science in Russia. In its structure the first chairs were established:

• Forensic medicine, anatomy, physiology;
• Surgery;
• Internal diseases, pathology and general therapy;
• Pharmacy;
• Skin diseases;
• Midwifery.

Thus, the future Sechenov Institute laid the foundation for professional self-determination of students. The task of improving the practical skills of medical personnel, the formation of personal qualities needed by the physician, was solved by the development of the clinical bases of the Faculty of Medicine. In 1805 a number of daughter clinics of the university began to function: obstetric, therapeutic and surgical.

To the surprise of foreign doctors, innovative approaches to the educational process apply the future Sechenov Institute. Hospital at the university: is not this the best way to train doctors? As far back as 1804, by the decree of Tsar Alexander, the Clinical Center was established, and he personally contributed to the creation of an advanced clinical base. In 1805, the faculty worked three institutes: midwifery, surgical, clinical. A precedent of the European level was created. The medical surgeon of Napoleon, seeing the Russian hospital in 1812, was struck by his appearance and equipment, which he called an ornament for any highly developed nation.

II half of the XIX century - maturity

During the second half of the XIX century, nine more departments were founded: pediatric medicine, venereal and skin diseases, hygiene, histology, medical history, general pathology, psychiatry, pharmacology, topographic anatomy and operative surgery. A number of faculty clinics were opened. The Sechenov Institute entered the next stage of its development. The graduates of the faculty, known, talented, creative, further developed the system.

Here is an incomplete list of doctors of medical sciences who taught at the Medical Faculty in the XIX century. Many of the names represented in it represent the pride of Russian and world medicine: the hygienist Fedor Erisman, the classic of military field surgery Nikolai Sklifosovsky, the classic of surgery Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov, the microbiologist Georgy Gabrichevsky, the neurologist Alexei Kozhevnikov, the founder of the pediatric school Neil Fedorovich Filatov, the founder of Russian gynecology Vladimir Fedorovich Snegirev, pathologist Mikhail Nikiforovich Nikiforov, psychiatrist Sergei Korsakov, will create The physician Aleksey Aleksandrovich Ostroumov, the therapist Alexei Ostroumov, the therapist Alexei Ostroumov, the therapist Grigory Ivanovich Sokolsky, the therapist Grigory Antonovich Zakharin, the therapist Iustin Evdokimovich Dyadkovsky, the therapist, the surgeon, the prominent theoretician and practitioner Sergei Petrovich Botkin, the physiologist Alexei Matveyevich Filomafitsky, the surgeon Vasily Alexandrovich Basov, the surgeon Peter Ivanovich Dyakonov, expert of forensic medicine Ilya Egorovich Gruzinov, histologist Alexander Ivanovich Babukhin, anatomist Dmitry Zernov, surgeon Fedor I anovich Inozemtsev, an expert on the anatomy and physiology of Ephraim Osipovich Mukhin. Each of them brought in medicine something of their own, the life of any of them - serving people.

The Faculty of Medicine of the Russian Duma in 1884 was granted an area of 40 thousand square sazhen at the Devichi Field. Here for 5 years, the most advanced town in Europe from 13 clinics and 2 institutes was built, taking into account the experience of Berlin, Paris, Zurich.

XX century - the Soviet era

In Soviet times, in 1930, the faculty left the Moscow State University (right heir of the Moscow Imperial University) and became the First Moscow Medical Institute (MMI). His pupils made an invaluable contribution to the Victory, rendering medical assistance on all fronts of the Great Patriotic War. In the terrible wartime, his brightest graduates headed the medical supply of the Red Army. Among them:

• Colonel-General, Chief Surgeon of the Red Army, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences Nikolai Burovich;
• Alexander Leonidovich Myasnikov, Chief Surgeon of the Navy, Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR;
• Mikhail Nikiforovich Akhutin, Isaak Solomonovich Zhorov, Nikolai Nikolaevich Elansky, Viktor Ivanovich Struchkov, Yevgeny Shakhbazyan - chief surgeons of fronts and armies;
• Feodosy Romanovich Borodulin, Vladimir Kharitonovich Vasilenko, Gukasyan Aram Grigorievich - the main therapists fronts and armies.

Since 1955, the First Medical has been named after Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov, his graduate. The name of an outstanding scientist was awarded to the university, which gave him a ticket to the profession. This ingenious founder of physiology, scientist-rationalist, his life is a vivid example for many subsequent generations of physicians. Be sure to read his surprisingly frank and touching "Autobiography" - the confession of an honest, clean, deeply decent person.

The students and teachers enthusiastically and gratefully accepted the new name of their alma mater.

In the postwar period, the university was glorified by its service to medicine by many scientists, among them Academicians Mikhail Izrailevich Perelman and Leo Bokeria. Academician Perelman, for example, conducted more than 3500 operations in the treatment of tuberculosis, cancer, inflammatory-purulent diseases. Academician Leo Bockeria is considered by experts to be one of the best cardiosurgeons in the world. Many former students proudly refer to their school.

Modernity

The first Sechenov Medical Institute currently trains medical personnel at the following faculties: pre-university education, curative, medical and preventive, pediatric, nursing higher education and socio-psychological work, dental, pharmaceutical, and in the internal unit, the vocational education institute. From the first year students not only learn to treat illnesses, they go into medicine as a science. Students know: to study in the First honey is harder than in other medical schools (including Moscow institutes).

The first honey is the leader in the application of Internet technologies in education. Teaching staff developed specialized medical webinars. Presentations of lectures by leading scientists are presented. All this information is provided by the Institute's website. Doctors from all over Russia learn with the help of Internet resources of the First Honey about the latest trends in the development of medical science.

In the residency, future doctors receive education in 54 specialties. The internship prepares doctors for 26 specialties.

In 1990, Russia made an investment in the future: 1 Sechenov Medical Institute replenished with a research center with seven institutes developing fundamental medicine.

World medicine highly appreciates the quality of study in the university, foreign students from 70 countries of the world are studying here. Many of the foreign graduates subsequently become health leaders in their home country. For many medical schools in the world, the Sechenov Institute became a reliable counterpart. Its address is 119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya street, house 8, building 2 - well-known in Russia and abroad.

The clinical base of First Honey has 3000 beds in 19 clinics. On the equipment of clinics more than 650 kinds of researches are carried out.

Medical Faculty

The Faculty of Medicine is the largest, which is part of the First Sechenov Medical Institute. This is the flagship of the university. He began his work in 1758. Over 5000 future doctors are trained there. Full-time students attend a six-year course of study, and a part-time course is a seven-year course. There are 46 departments at the faculty. The teaching staff of the departments is very high. Most of the chairs are headed by corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Annually, its graduates are more than 600 doctors.

Faculty of Medicine and Prophylaxis

The Faculty of Medicine and Prophylaxis is part of the First Medical School since 1930. 15 of its departments work for the training of specialists. The faculty scientifically investigates various hygienic topics related to the actual problems of the life of society. The organization of rational nutrition is investigated, new products are developed, dietology is developed as a method of clinical treatment, occupational diseases are investigated. The faculty trains 600 people who receive the specialty "Hygiene, Epidemiology and Sanitation".

Faculty of Pediatrics

The pediatric faculty has replenished the first medical relatively recently, in 2010. The purpose of its creation was to impart a continuous character to learning and education. The faculty has 7 departments: Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatric Surgery, Propedeutics of Children's Diseases, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Children's Hygiene, Pediatrics. Evidence of the recognition of the scientific activity of the faculty is the appropriation in 2011 of the title of an academician to one of the heads of the departments, and also the election of three more of them by Corresponding Members of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

Faculty of Dentistry

The names of the departments of the stomatological faculty (there are seven of them) testify to the specializations of dentists trained by him: maxillo-facial surgery, pediatric dentistry, therapeutic, surgical, orthopedic dentistry, communal and preventive dentistry, propaedeutics of dental diseases. The departments are located directly in 5 central specialized clinics and in the department of maxillofacial surgery. The medical institute specializing in dentistry trains students according to a five-year program. Forms of training: full-time (budget and commercial) and correspondence

Qualified Nurses

The Faculty of Higher Nursing Education was established in 1991. His appearance was promoted by the introduction of the specialties "social work" and "clinical psychology". There are 4 departments at the faculty: nursing, pedagogy and psychology, social work, commodity science. The Medical Institute prepares specialists in nursing with higher and secondary vocational education in five areas - for each level.

Pre-university preparation of entrants

The faculty of pre-university education prepares applicants for admission. Its purpose is to form the necessary professional motivation for future students and adapt them to the subsequent studies. High school students are purposefully preparing for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, biology, chemistry.

Thanks to the faculty, there is a practice of successfully enrolling students of the faculty in the Med. Institute of. Sechenov. Students are trained by experienced teachers in specialized subjects: chemistry, biology, Russian, foreign languages. Thus, young people who want to become doctors, are preparing in-depth for centralized examinations conducted centrally in the Russian Federation in schools.

Evidence of the educational level of applicants is the pass mark on the USE-2014, averaged by one item 86.1 points. In the current year, 1351 entrants entered the budgetary form of training the First Medical.

The faculty of pre-university training significantly increases the chances of applicants, because up to 70% of students on it really achieve what they want. Such level of training is demonstrated by the leading Moscow institutes, and among medical ones - it is the highest.

Pharmaceutical Faculty

The training of 2000 students of the pharmaceutical faculty is carried out by its sixteen departments. Students are trained to professionally seek, manufacture, store and identify medicines. The relevance of this profession is determined by the vital importance of medicines. The modern level of pharmacy determines a five-year training of specialists adequately to the current world standards. Students thoroughly study pharmacognosy, pharmaceutical chemistry, drug technology, economics and pharmacy organization. At the faculty in the teaching staff there are: Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, two members of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, about 30 professors. Honey. Sechenov Institute prepares the most highly qualified pharmacists.

Institute for Advanced Studies

The Institute of Professional Education under the First Medical School has been working since 2013. He specializes in the retraining of existing medical workers and on improving their skills. Annually more than 12 thousand people study here. In the university, in addition to the theoretical training of trainees, specialists are trained in doctoral studies, residency, internships. Its departments are located both in the University Clinical Center and at the clinical bases of leading research institutes, RAMS, and central city clinical hospitals. Thus, specialists are trained in modern methods of treatment and diagnosis, during the treatment of real patients from real diseases. Together with the teachers, students make rounds of patients, make an anamnesis, diagnose and determine the tactics of treatment of the disease. The institute has distance learning programs available for doctors of large cities of Russia.

At present, medical colleges of Moscow at institutes are considered a good form for qualitative preparation of entrants. The first honey also uses its own lyceum to improve the quality of its student audience.

Conclusion

The First Moscow State Institute. Sechenov is rightfully considered to be the main Russian medical university. The main directions of his activity - education, science and treatment - are balanced and implemented under the overall coordination of the academic council.

At the same time, both the commitment to traditions and the priority of implementing promising technologies are maintained. The first honey looks confidently into the future.