Rdeisky reserve: history, photo and description

Novgorod lands are rich in picturesque places. Radeisky State Nature Reserve Is located in the territory of Poddorsky district of the Novgorod region. The name of the reserve was obtained according to its location. The Rdeisko-polistovsky region is the Old Slavic name of the reserve. The origin of the name appeared from two lakes: Polisto and Rdeiskoye. The reserve was founded on March 25, 1994. Its area is 36.9 thousand hectares.

The reserve has a huge number of mosses, marshes, low shrubs, untouched by man. And also this area was preferred by hundreds of species of birds.

History

Reserve Rdeisky purpose of the establishment has the following:

• Support in natural conditions of natural objects;
• Conservation of biological diversity;
• Scientific research;
• Study of flora and fauna;
• Ecological monitoring;
• Preservation of a unique array of sphagnum bogs;
• The chronicle of nature;
• Training of scientific experts in the field of environmental protection;
• Introduction of methods of rational nature management.

The security area around the reserve, where the limited regime of nature management, is 4 844 hectares.

Physico-geographical features

Reserve Rdeisky is located in the west of the Valdai Upland, on the border of the rivers Polist and Lovat. The landscape consists mainly of their shallow, marshy lowlands, so the natural world is very diverse and rich.

One of the features of the Polistovo-Lovatskaya marsh system is a lot of small rivers, streams and lakes. There are several types of rivers: open, buried (flowing inside peat deposits), submunitions (flowing under moss). The soil is mostly covered with a peat layer, which can reach 8 meters.

Weather

The climate in the Radeisk reserve is moderately continental, similar to the sea. Therefore, it is characterized by warm summer, prolonged autumn, mild winter, cool spring, and the prevalence of excessive humidity. In summer, the maximum amount of precipitation falls. The average annual temperature is +5 ° C. The duration of the warm period is 143 days.

Marsh Zone

The Rdeisky Reserve is a site of the Polistovo-Lovatsky marsh system and captures part of the border of the Polisti and Lovati rivers. The swamp has an uneasy structure and consists of a significant number of natural morphological units, which is partly due to the location of mineral islands, as well as the formation process and the hydrological regime of the moor itself.

The Polistovo-Lovatskaya Mounted Marsh System is one of the unusual and unique systems, as well as the important ornithological territory of the Russian Federation. In the seventies it was included in the list of marshes of the international project "Thelma", carried out research work within the framework of the UNESCO project. The above-mentioned marsh system will be called the Ramsar site after obtaining the status of international importance.

In the photo of the Rdeisky Reserve, the Polistovo-Lovatskaya swamp system is very often present, which is recognized in Europe as one of the largest swamp systems. Its area is 140 thousand hectares. The complex of bogs was formed due to the merger of six peat bogs. The Renaissance mire system has a huge impact on the environment. Marshes constitute a huge natural reservoir of water, participate in the creation of the hydrological regime of the territory, especially in the south-west. And such rivers as Rudja, Polist, Hlavitsa, Kholynya, take a beginning here, which is very important for stabilizing the water level in Lake Ilmen, for example, during the dry years and during the off-season. Local people are very proud of their swamps and carefully guard them.

Flora

The vegetation of the reserve is diverse. Conifers are widely found on the northern side of the reserve. Small-leaved and spruce forests and forests on the southern and western sides. There are even two hundred-year-old firs. Broad-leaved species predominate in the eastern part and are represented by maple, oak and linden. Occasionally you can find ash and elm, but in limited quantities.

The bulk of the forest, which is located on the mineral coast, consists of relatively young trees. On the territory of the nature reserve are two types of mineral islands. High can reach 9 m above the marsh level, small hills - have gentle slopes, but have a large area. In the reserve Rdeisky there are 371 species of plants, 47 of which are bryophytes.

Here there is a huge number of vascular plants that belong to the families: cereals, sedge, legumes, Compositae, labiate, centipedes, rosaceous.

Scientists annually discover new types of moss, for example, only in the summer of 1999 they were discovered 50.

Fauna

In the reserve live mammals, amphibians, reptiles, more than 100 species of birds, of which 14 - are protected by the state. In the marshes there are rare birds that have disappeared elsewhere, due to anthropogenic impact.

In the reserve is the largest curlew population in Europe. Here you can meet typical representatives for these places, for example, chizha, thrushes, finches, and Orioles. Among the birds of prey, there is a goshawk, buzzard, and osoida. In the Rdeisky Reserve there is a large number of hazel grouse, black grouse, wood grouse.

In the reserve there are a lot of hares, martens, rodents. Among the predators you can see a bear and a lynx, which constantly live in the reserve. Sometimes wolves wander. Fox and badger are represented by a few individuals, since the main part of the territory of the Rdeisky Nature Reserve is not suitable for digging holes.

Wild boars live in the outskirts of the marshy massifs and in the center. Roe deer enter the mineral islands. Kunitsa, mink, otter and black chorus are common throughout the reserve. Among the rodents there are beavers, water rats, red voles. The fish are dominated by perch and pike.

Interesting Facts

On the territory of the Rdeisky reserve (Novgorod region), on the shore of the lake of the same name, the structure of the Assumption Cathedral of the Rdeisky Monastery is located. In the second half of the 17th century, the history of its founding departs. Originally the monastery was completely wooden built. Thanks to the efforts of the merchant AN Mamontov, the most flourishing of the monastery was in 1898-1897. In 1932, the last nun left the monastery, and it was closed. The cathedral in the future did not contain, and over time the structure passed into an emergency condition.

Currently, inside the monastery, a part of the iconostasis, made of marble and several murals, has been preserved. The monastery itself is a continuous ruin, near which is an abandoned cemetery. Nevertheless, tourists actively visit and worship these places.

Reserve Rdeisky in Russia is a unique corner of the pristine nature, which will be of interest to all lovers of beauty.