Putrefaction of proteins in the intestines: causes and treatment

The modern rhythm of life does not always allow us to adhere to a food culture. Snacks on the run, late suppers, eating fast food - our body suffers all this for the time being, periodically giving distress signals in the form of rumbling and pain in the abdomen, severity, flatulence. Who among us did not experience such manifestations and who seriously took this into account? Probably few. But in vain. All these signs may indicate the development in the body of dyspepsia - pathology, which is the background for the occurrence of serious diseases of the digestive tract.

In this article, we will deal with the issues related to dyspepsia. Let us find out how pathology is connected with such a phenomenon as the rotting of proteins in the intestine. Causes and treatment of the disease will also be considered in the materials of the article. Let's try to understand what can be done in order to maintain health and avoid such a pathology.

What is indigestion?

Dyspepsia is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract associated with a digestive disorder. Pathology arises from malnutrition, it can often be manifested by the lack of digestive enzymes in the body.

Dyspepsia is a disease that is a consequence of the disease of the digestive tract and does not in itself lead to death, but it significantly reduces the quality of human life. The consequence of the manifestation of dyspepsia can be such phenomena as putrefaction of proteins and amino acids in the intestine, the processes of fermentation of food in the intestine,

Depending on what type of enzyme is not enough, distinguish:

• Cholecystogenic dyspepsia - a disease that is a consequence of impaired bile secretion;
• Hepatogenic dyspepsia is the result of liver disease;
• Gastrogenic dyspepsia - a pathology resulting from abnormalities in the function of the stomach;
• Pancreatogenic dyspepsia is a consequence of a lack of pancreatic enzymes;
• Enterogenic dyspepsia - a pathology that occurs when violations of the secretion of intestinal juice;
• Mixed dyspepsia - a pathology that combines the symptoms of several of the above varieties of the disease.

In the absence of treatment, pathology passes into a chronic form and can provoke serious functional disorders of the body, for example, metabolic imbalance is a fatal phenomenon for diabetics, and others.

The process of digesting food

Simplified process of digestion of food looks like this. From the oral cavity food enters the stomach, where it begins to split under the action of gastric juice and hydrochloric acid. The food is digested and partially through the walls of the stomach enters the blood. Since the food mixture interacts in the stomach with hydrochloric acid, the balance of acid and alkali in the body changes - in the stomach acidity increases. However, the pH level comes back to normal after digested food enters the small intestine.

The transition of processed food from the stomach to the intestine is carried out by means of a pyloric valve, which periodically opens and closes with a constant change in the medium in the small intestine.

Excess acidity is neutralized by intestinal juices. Due to the neutralization of the contents of the intestine, the pH level periodically changes from alkaline to acidic, and vice versa.

The stomach and small intestine (although for a short time) are protected by high acidity from putrefactive microflora, which contributes to decay of decay products. In these departments of the digestive tract there are no germs, including putrefactive ones.

Due to the lack of enzymes, the food is not completely digested. The degradation products undergo pathological processes, the formation of toxic products of the rotting of the intestine proteins, accompanied by the release of gas.

Types of dyspepsia

Any food consists of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The percentage content of these substances in different products is different. Therefore, human nutrition should be diverse - with food, he must receive all three components. However, the abuse of any product can cause malfunction in the digestive system and lead to the development of dyspepsia.

There are three forms of the disease:

1. Putrefactive dyspepsia is a kind of pathology that develops as a result of excessive consumption of protein, especially one that is digested for a long time. It can be red meat, pates, sausages. The body creates a favorable environment for the development of putrefactive microflora, which causes the rotting of proteins in the intestine. The treatment of this form of dyspepsia is primarily aimed at discharging the gastrointestinal tract and restoring the balance of normal intestinal microflora.
2. Fermentation dyspepsia occurs with excessive consumption of foods containing carbohydrates. These include flour products, sweets, cabbage, beans, honey, as well as brag, kvass, and pickled vegetables. Such products contribute to the development of fermented microflora, resulting in fermentation in the digestive chain.
3. Fat dyspepsia is a kind of pathology that develops against the background of increased consumption of foods containing large amounts of fats. These include pig or lamb fat. Fat dyspepsia is sometimes called soap.

Causes of development of putrefactive dyspepsia

Putrefactive dyspepsia develops not only because of excessive consumption of foods with high protein content. The cause of the pathology may be stale meat products, as well as a low amount of enzymes in the body - intestinal proteases, pepsin, trypsin. The lack of enzymes is often due to the lifestyle of a person, but sometimes it can manifest as a congenital malformation.

If there is a lack of substances that decompose proteins in the body, or there is a lot of protein food, then it does not decompose to the end, but in the semi-processed form it enters the large intestine. There it decomposes, but not under the influence of normal microflora, but under the influence of opportunistic pathogen. The latter, rapidly developing, suppresses the normal environment and promotes the emergence of dysbacteriosis, and conditionally pathogenic bacteria penetrate into the lower parts of the small intestine and start the processes of decay in it.

Rotting is aggravated by additional proteins, which secrete intestinal walls with increased peristalsis. In the process of decay, toxic substances are formed which are absorbed into the blood and cause intoxication of the body. The main task in the treatment of dyspepsia is to find an opportunity to stop the putrefaction of proteins in the intestine. And ways to neutralize toxic products The body also needs to be determined.

It is important to remember that, within reasonable limits, eating the above products does not lead to pathological disturbances in the body. However, the excess of such food or its use in the evening hours, when the activity of the intestinal tract decreases, causes undesirable consequences and affects the body negatively.

Symptoms

As noted earlier, dyspepsia is the background for the development of diseases of the digestive tract, so signs of manifestations of pathology are similar to symptoms of gastrointestinal disturbances. The manifestations of functional dyspepsia depend on the type of pathology.

Fat dyspepsia, for example, is manifested by the severity in the stomach, eructation, flatulence. Patients report pain in the abdomen, which increase with eating. The chair is quite plentiful and often contains inclusions of undigested food.

Fermentation dyspepsia is characterized by a strong rumbling in the bowels, flatulence. Patients note pain in the upper abdomen, as well as frequent trips to the toilet. This chair has an acidic odor and a liquid consistency. The result of fermentation in the intestines is also frequent constipation.

Symptoms of fermentation should in no case be ignored. The lack of proper treatment leads to a gradual contamination of the intestinal walls. At the same time, the protective membrane of the mucous membrane ceases to be developed, which in the future will activate the pathogenic bacteria. Over time, stool stones form in the intestine .

Patients suffering from dyspeptic fermentation, also note the external sign of the manifestation of the disease - the so-called "stool" stomach. It arises because gut falls down under the weight of unprocessed food.

Manifestations of putrefactive dyspepsia

Dyspepsia rotting leads to the release in the body of poisonous substances, such as cresol, skatole, phenol. As a result of the reactions, gases that cause manifestations of flatulence are formed. Gas has the property of expanding and pressing on the walls of the intestines, resulting in disturbances in the abdomen. The reason for everything is the rotting of proteins in the intestine. Symptoms of the pathological condition are supplemented with unpleasant colic and painful sensations. The inflammatory process develops in the intestine. The organ narrows, and in the narrow places "plugs" are formed, which stretch the non-inflamed areas.

When putrefactive dyspepsia occurs intoxication of the body, so the patient feels a decline in strength, weakness, reduced efficiency. He may be disturbed by dizziness and headaches, sometimes with a slight increase in body temperature.

Pathology is also characterized by nausea and vomiting, swelling and pain in the abdomen, a frequent mushy dark stool with a fetid putrid odor.

Dyspepsia rotting takes two forms:

• Chronic,
• Sharp.

The acute form occurs after excessive single intake of protein in food, for example after overeating a shish kebab on a picnic. Such a malaise is temporary and quickly passes by itself or with the help of medicinal preparations, in which enzymes are composed.

Chronic indigestion testifies to serious violations of the function of the gastrointestinal tract and requires a diet, changes in the habitual way of life, medical intervention.

Diagnostics

Screening for dyspepsia is quite diverse and includes many components. In addition to examining the doctor, there are methods of laboratory diagnosis that detect the rotting of proteins in the large intestine - biochemistry, UAC, as well as instrumental methods of research.

During the examination and conversation the doctor determines the symptoms that may indicate the patient has gastrointestinal diseases, makes an overall picture of the patient's health, decides which diagnostic methods to resort to.

In almost all cases, the patient is sent for a general analysis of urine and blood. Often, the patient is given a detailed blood test when he suspects rotting of the proteins in the large intestine (biochemistry). To determine the type of dyspepsia, analyze the stool of the patient. Sometimes a breath test or a fecal antigen test is required. The breath test allows you to determine the type of microorganisms that lead to disturbances in the digestive tract.

The occurrence of dyspepsia is indicated by a large number of unprocessed muscle fibers in the stool, the feces contain ammonia and have an alkaline reaction. In a healthy state, the medium must be acidic.

The analysis of feces helps distinguish dyspepsia from the inflammatory process in the intestine - in the case of the examined pathology, there are no erythrocytes, white blood cells and mucus in the biological material under study.

Confirm the diagnosis and revealed in the process of instrumental methods of examination of diseases of the intestinal tract - intestines, stomach, pancreas.

Instrumental methods of research

In order to properly assign a patient a treatment regimen, it is necessary to establish which of the gastrointestinal organs has failed. After the laboratory tests, if there is a suspicion of rotting of the proteins in the intestine (biochemistry, OAM, OAK), they start instrumental research methods. At this stage, it is necessary to exclude organic diseases with symptoms similar to dyspepsia.

The range of studies conducted to date is varied. The most common method of examination is endoscopy, during which the condition of the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines is examined. During the procedure, a small piece of mucous tissue is often taken for histological analysis. The study allows you to judge the presence or absence of spiral heliobacter pylori in the body.

In addition to endoscopic examination, the following are conducted:

1. Ultrasound diagnosis, which helps to identify diseases such as chronic pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, etc.
2. Electrogastrography and electrogastroenterography are procedures by which gastroduodenal motor disorders are detected. The technique is based on the study of the ability of the muscles of the walls of the stomach and intestines to contract under the action of electrical impulses. Electrogastrography examines the motility of the stomach, electrogastroenterography - a young technique that explores intestinal motility is satisfied.
3. Scintigraphy of the stomach helps to identify digestive disorders that result from low activity of the stomach muscles (gastroparesis).
4. Ezofagomanometry is a procedure that assesses the ability of the esophagus to contract.
5. Antroduodenal manometry allows you to evaluate the motility of the duodenum, as well as the stomach. The method is based on recording the pressure in the stomach, duodenum and jejunum, which is performed simultaneously.
6. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is a manipulation with which it is possible to identify ulcers, stomach tumors, reflux esophagitis in a patient.
7. Radiography.

Treatment of putrefactive dyspepsia

Treatment of patients who have identified putrefactive dyspepsia, begin with a strict diet. This measure is necessary in order to relieve the gastrointestinal tract, to stop the rotting of proteins in the intestine. And detoxification of toxic rotting products released from putrefactive dyspepsia can be avoided by food restrictions. Initially, the patient is prescribed a hunger for 1-1.5 days, they are allowed to eat only weak unsweetened tea and water. Then follows a diet that excludes from the diet for several days:

• Carbohydrates - bread and baking;
• dairy;
• Marinades and pickles;
• Fried foods;
• Semi-finished products.

If there was a strong intoxication of the body, the patient is prescribed intravenous drippers with nutrient solutions (5% glucose solution, etc.). Gradually, carbohydrates are introduced into the diet of the patient, but at the same time they limit the consumption of plant fiber with coarse fibers. As a rule, after a few weeks the patient's condition comes back to normal - you can gradually introduce protein into his diet. Dampening products help to stop the rotting processes.

Normalization of the stool is facilitated by the use of astringent agents, adsorbents such as activated charcoal help to get rid of manifestations of flatulence.

Spasmolytics ("No-Shpa") relieve the patient of pain manifestations due to the relief of spasms of the musculature of the intestine.

If the enzymes are deficient, the patient is prescribed replacement therapy, in conjunction with which the intake of B vitamins is recommended.

In some cases, antibiotic therapy may be required, which is relevant when there is a threat of infectious or inflammatory bowel disease.

Fermentation dyspepsia. Recipes of traditional medicine

Therapy for fermentation dyspepsia is similar to the treatment of rot dyspepsia. At the initial stage resort to starvation - within 36 hours the patient does not eat anything, except unsweetened tea. Then gradually introduce food in small portions. The patient's diet should consist of products that do not cause fermentation in the intestine. Such products include:

• Fruits, vegetables, berries, milk, almonds - food containing alkali;
• honey;
• Vegetable food, which is recommended to chew as long as possible and not eat in the evening;
• mineral water.

Drinking is incredibly important for dyspepsia, patients are advised to drink at least 1.5 liters of water per day.

When enzymes are deficient, chemically synthesized substances are assigned to patients, while they focus on the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, leading to a lack of their own enzymes in the body.

There are cases when it is necessary to take antacid drugs that reduce the acidity of the stomach, as well as the use of prokinetics, drugs that activate the functions of digestion.

Dyspepsia occurs not only in adults, but also in children. Treatment of the processes of fermentation in the children's intestines is also carried out by observing a weekly diet based on the minimum consumption of products containing carbohydrates.

In addition to treatment with medications, sometimes resort to folk medicine prescriptions based on the use of plant raw materials. For example, with meteorism help decoctions of pharmaceutical dill, lemon balm, chamomile, pomegranate peel.

Homeopaths recommend applying warm compresses to the stomach, performing a light massage at the site of pain localization - the procedure will help to remove pain syndrome and accelerate gas separation.

The general recommendation in the prevention of dyspepsia is one: you need to thoroughly chew food, do not eat at night, do not overeat. And remember that the balance of acid and alkali in the body is very important. With a reasonable approach to nutrition, your body will feel great.

Based on the foregoing, the following conclusions can be drawn. Dyspepsia is a pathology that is a consequence of a person's eating habits. It leads to the development in the body of serious diseases of the digestive tract.

In medical practice, according to the classification, there are several forms of dyspepsia. One of those is putrefactive dyspepsia, which is inseparably linked with such a phenomenon as the rotting of proteins in the intestine. Biochemistry, serological studies, endoscopy, ultrasound - all these methods are actively used in the diagnosis of dyspepsia. With timely screening, the pathology can be treated well.