Power transformer: device, principle of operation and installation features

The power transformer is a large device that is used to transmit electrical energy from the main source over long distances. Most often it has two windings (maybe more) that convert the voltage, and make it acceptable for use in homes, businesses and other institutions. For this purpose, the device has an alternating magnetic field.

The power transformer can be decreasing (distributes the energy flow) and raising (transmits the voltage over long distances), depending on how it should "rework" the voltage. It should be noted that before the current gets from the station to the place of household use, it is converted several times.

The principle of operation of the unit is based on the phenomenon of mutual induction. Both windings are involved here. In the first, when electricity is supplied to it, a magnetic flux is formed which creates an electromotive force in the second winding. If an energy receiver is connected to the second winding, then a current flows through it. In this case, the voltage will be transformed.

It should be noted that the power transformer has an unequal voltage in both windings. This parameter determines the type of aggregate. If the secondary voltage is lower than the primary voltage, then the device is called decreasing, otherwise it will be boosting.

As for the windings, they often have a cylindrical shape. Near the magnetic circuit itself, there must be a lower voltage, since it is easier to isolate. Between the windings there must be an insulating gasket.

A power transformer is a fairly large device, which requires time, strength, and caution to install. This should be done by electricians who have permission to do such work. First of all, the unit is delivered to the installation site. For this, a large truck or platform is used on rails. In the area where all work is to be performed, the opportunities for the entrance and operation of loading and assembly vehicles and equipment should be organized.

Installation of power transformers must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of safety regulations. The site must be equipped with all necessary equipment, as well as all necessary fire fighting equipment. The telephone connection should be installed on the site. Further it is necessary to ensure good lighting of the installation area.

If all the preparatory work is done, then it is necessary to inspect the power transformers completely for poorly installed parts, cracks or other damages. It is also necessary to check the input with a test voltage.

After installation, the units must be checked carefully. If problems were observed during the tests, they must be eliminated. If the defects can not be eliminated on site, then the device must be sent to the production facility, where it will be carefully inspected and repaired.