Pigeons, their diseases and treatment. Diseases of pigeons, dangerous to humans

Long since the pigeon is a symbol of good news and purity. Today these amazing birds live next to us. Many large cities of Europe and the world can not be imagined without these charming birds. Pigeons became a kind of attraction, as thousands of tourists try to capture them through the lens of their camera.

Since these creatures are our neighbors, it's worth paying attention to changing their behavior, because often this is the only way to determine that the bird is sick. Do not forget that there are diseases of pigeons, dangerous for humans. To monitor their health is especially necessary for owners of pigeons, since infectious diseases can lead to the complete extinction of livestock, and also cause significant harm to human health.

When breeding birds, it is important to remember that, as in the case of humans, it is much easier to prevent an ailment than to treat it later. In this case, the "sores" of birds are mostly of a massive nature. That is, get off with a slight fright (that is, loss of 1-2 individuals) will not succeed. There are many diseases of different etiology, to which predisposed pigeons. Their illnesses and treatment require professional approach and timely medical assistance. This is what helps keep the number of birds.

Origin of diseases

Diseases of pigeons can be contagious and infectious. To the development of ailments is often the failure to comply with the conditions of feeding, keeping and growing birds, the violation of sanitary hygiene feeders, drinkers and aviaries, heavy loads and even frequent laying of eggs. All these factors contribute to reducing the immunity of the bird and weakening its body.

The most dangerous causative agents of diseases of pigeons are infectious agents. They can be bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal in nature. Among diseases to which domestic pigeons are exposed, diseases of infectious nature are most dangerous. Their pathogens can affect the human body, causing a direct development of a particular pathology or a general decrease in the body's defenses.

General symptomatology

When breeding pigeons, you must closely monitor the health of birds and when the first symptoms appear, immediately contact the veterinarian. So what are the signs of pigeon disease? With any pathology there is a violation of behavior: birds do not fly, they hide in a dark place, refuse to feed. Also to alert the owner must ruffled feathers, closed eyes, rapid breathing, general sluggishness of the organism of pets. When infected, the body temperature of the bird rises, the color and consistency of the stool changes, and sometimes even the gait changes.

If there are sick pigeons, their diseases and treatment must be strictly controlled. Thus, the diseased individual must be isolated from the general population when the first signs of the disease appear. If you have pigeons emanating from the eyes, nostrils or mouth, you should immediately consult a specialist, as often such symptoms indicate the infectious nature of the disease.

Now consider the most dangerous diseases to which pigeons are exposed. Their illnesses and treatment require special attention on the part of the owner, since they can harm themselves.

Vertical

The most common and pernicious disease of pigeons - the pinwheel - is capable in a short time to hit the entire pigeon livestock. It is caused by paramyxovirus, which, if ingested, causes paralysis and impaired coordination of movements. With severe form of the flow, inflammation of the brain can develop. The greatest danger lies in the possibility of internal hemorrhages in vital organs.

The carriers of the infection are sick domestic and wild birds. The virus is mainly transmitted by airborne droplets, but infection through drinking bowls and feeders is not excluded.

What are the hallmarks of this pigeon disease? Symptoms are specific and occur on day 4-5 of the disease. In sick birds the head is thrown, which is associated with the defeat of the nervous system. The infection spreads lightning fast, in most cases, already on the 9th day of the disease, the death of the bird occurs.

In the development of the stitch, the stage is marked:

1. The initial stage - a decrease in appetite, increased thirst, drowsiness, disheveled feather cover.
2. Paralytic stage - paralysis starts from the neck, then the wings, legs stop moving, the bird can fall, its head throws back.
3. Severe convulsions.

This is a very dangerous disease for humans, pigeons. The vertex can affect the lymph nodes and cause the development of conjunctivitis.

The disease does not respond to treatment. There is a complex of specially developed preventive measures, which helps to prevent a massive spread of infection:

1. The sick bird must be removed from the dovecote at once. The room should be disinfected with 5-10% bleach solution or 3% formalin solution.
2. Young pigeons should be vaccinated on the 30th day of life. The Bor-74 and La-Sota vaccines are used at the rate of 2 drops of the drug 2 times a day for 1 bird for 5 days.

Smallpox

Pox pigeon is an acute disease caused by a pigeon-type ultravirus. It is characterized by damage to the mucous membranes and skin. With a severely neglected form, the disease often acquires a chronic character.

Smallpox mostly progresses in the summer. The disease is subject to young growth, adult pigeons act as vectors. Infection occurs through secretions and litters, as well as through insect vectors. The risk of infection increases with poor conditions of detention, malnutrition, adverse climatic conditions, and also with a lack of vitamin A. The duration of the incubation period is 15-20 days.

There are three types of this disease of pigeons, the signs of which differ significantly from each other:

1. The small form is characterized by the appearance of pockmarks in the region of the beak, eyelids and neck, and then on the legs and under the wings. Growth of tumors takes place within 12-15 days, after which the upper film is removed, leaving bleeding erosion. By the 20th day the wound dries and heals. Sometimes the healing process lasts up to 2 months.
2. Diphtheric form - pockmarks are formed on the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx. On the 7-9th day the peak of the disease is observed, when the pockmarks increase so much that the bird can not close its beak. Also, the nasal mucosa, the conjunctiva, the cornea of the eyes can be affected.
3. Mixed form - there are signs of the first two forms.

Pox pigeon is dangerous because a virus with a blood stream can spread throughout the body, causing damage to new organs. With timely treatment of the birds formed lifelong immunity.

Stages of treatment and prevention:

1. When lesions of skin areas: treatment of tissues 2% solution of boric acid. In the presence of dried up crusts they are treated with a solution of iodine, and then cream.
2. When the beak is affected: the mucosa is treated with lozeval solution with glucose or iodine. Pigeons are given antibiotics of the tetracycline series.
3. Drinking water is disinfected with 1% chloramine solution. The room is treated with iodine preparations.
4. The affected larynx is treated with Lugol's solution. Within 5 days the birds are given antibiotics, vitamins and immunomodulators.
5. Affected eggs, obtained from sick pigeons, must be destroyed.

Ornithosis

Ornithosis of pigeons is a viral disease that affects the respiratory tract. Often takes place in a latent form, which is especially dangerous for a person who can also become infected with a virus. The complexity of treatment and prevention lies in the fact that pathogens show high resistance in different conditions. Transmission of the virus is through mucus secretions and litter.

The duration of the incubation period is from 1 to 4 months. The youngest individuals are the most sensitive to the virus.

There are 2 forms of the disease:

1. Acute form - pigeons are sick between the ages of 2 and 12 weeks. Sluggishness is noted, the feces become gray with an admixture of blood, breathing is difficult, there is a purulent conjunctivitis and paralysis, which leads to death.
2. Chronic form - observed in adults. Characteristic signs - weakness, lethargy, conjunctivitis. The disease has a favorable outcome. The ill birds become a source of infection.

When carrying out preventive measures, the pigeons are destroyed, the room is disinfected with drugs based on chlorine and phenol. After the extinction of the outbreak of the disease, a quarantine is imposed on the pigeon house for 6 months.

Paratyphoid, or salmonellosis of pigeons

Paratyphoid pigeons are a widespread infectious disease caused by salmonella.

The source of infection are affected individuals. The danger of the paratyphoid is that, when infected, pigeons become completely sterile. Young individuals recover in acute form.

There are 2 forms of the disease:

1. Intestinal - first there is liquid feces with an admixture of blood, then the joints are affected, a tremor of the extremities is noted, the bird can not fly and move. In the area of the beak and eyes, there may be nodules.
2. Nervous form - an overt head is an obvious sign. The disease ends with death or goes into a chronic form.

For treatment biomycin, sintomycin, furazolidone or terramycin in a total dose of 100 thousand units per 1 kg of feed for 10 days are used, after 7 days the course is repeated. The room is disinfected.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis of pigeons is a common ailment. The causative agent is the simplest class of flagella. The disease mainly affects young birds between the ages of 2 weeks and 2 months. As vectors of infection, adults are adults. Also, the virus is transmitted through feed and water. Under adverse conditions of keeping and feeding, the risk of infection increases.

The disease is characterized by the formation of whitish-yellow nodules on the mucous membranes of the mouth and pharynx. Pigeons bend their head to facilitate swallowing. There is diarrhea with mucus, nasal discharge, shortness of breath. Duration of the disease is from 2 hours to 2 weeks, with often a lethal outcome.

With timely treatment, pigeons can recover. Therapy is carried out with iodized milk, which is prepared from iodine, potassium iodide and water in a ratio of 1: 2: 10. After that, 1 part of the solution is added to the milk at the rate of 1: 9. Before giving the medicine to the birds, the milk solution is diluted again with water (1: 9).

Coccidiosis

Coccidiosis of pigeons is caused by the simplest groups of coccidia that affect the cells of the intestine, the liver and bile ducts.

Birds are marked with a ruffled coat, depletion, apathy, diarrhea with an admixture of blood. The disease affects young individuals. The peak of infection is observed in the summer.

For treatment, antibiotics are used - 0.05 grams 2 times a day, as well as acrichine, which is diluted at the rate of 2 grams of the drug per bucket of water.

Paramyxovirus

Paramixovirus pigeons are the causative agent of Newcastle disease. Infection occurs through dust. Dangers for man is not. At the beginning of the disease, thirst and diarrhea are noted. In the absence of treatment, paralysis is noted, with a head tilt. A bird can not eat and drink, the outcome is lethal. There is no treatment. Preventive maintenance is carried out by means of vaccination by preparation Colombovac PMV.

Pigeons: diseases and treatment. Elimination of symptoms caused by parasites

The most common disease in pigeons is ascariasis. Pathogens are helminths of the family of ascarids. The thin part of the intestine is affected, it is often noted its blockage. There is also lethargy, weight loss, diarrhea. The second most common is capillarial disease, the causative agents of which also live in the small intestine. Inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is noted. Infection is carried out by alimentary route. Parasitic diseases are diagnosed by the study of litter, where eggs of pathogens are found. For treatment, use the drug "Piperazine" at a rate of 0.05 grams per 1 specimen 3 times a day, continue therapy for 3 days, followed by a break of 3 days, then repeat the course. It is necessary to clean the pigeon from the infected litter.

Pigeons: their diseases and eye treatment

Eye diseases occur in pigeons quite often. They are caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic and infectious agents, as well as vitamin deficiency. In the infectious nature of the pathogen, treatment should be directed to the elimination of the pathogen. With avitaminosis, the ration of birds is enriched with vitamin A.

Inflammation of the eye can be the result of other diseases, such as sinusitis and laryngotracheitis. Often pigeons have panophthalmitis, a sign of which is the clouding of the iris.

General prevention of diseases

Any diseases of pigeons (symptoms described above), regardless of the degree of their danger, are easier to prevent.

For this purpose, there is a special plan for preventive measures:

1. The maintenance of birds in comfortable conditions.
2. Maintenance of cleanliness inside the premises, drinking bowls and feeders at a high level.
3. Use of preventive drugs.
4. Periodic inspection of pigeons for the presence of ectoparasites.
5. It is strictly forbidden to put wild pigeons and sparrows into the pigeon house.
6. It is necessary to provide the birds with timely medical treatment and proper care.

Treatment of premises with the appearance of infectious diseases

Complete prevention of diseases of pigeons is impossible without thorough disinfection of premises. Such measures are allowed only with complete isolation of the bird. Initially, a mechanical cleaning is performed (liquidate the droppings). Further, the walls, floor and all objects in the room are treated with hot water. After that you can use disinfectants. Excellent caustic alkali, 5% bleach, 3% solution of creolin or carbolic acid, formalin, liquor and others. 2 hours after treatment, the premises are ventilated, washed with water and whitened. The earth is changed in boxes. Disinfection is carried out 2 times a year. The floor, nests and roosts are treated with a frequency of once a quarter. Drinkers and feeders are treated weekly.