Perception is what?

Every day, we are attacked by various stimuli: faces, news broadcasts, buildings, advertisements, conversations - even if we take into account what we hear or see from this a very small part. I wonder why this happens? The answer is because of perception. One should know that perception is a special process of obtaining all incoming information through the five senses of a person, realizing and giving it a concrete meaning. It is caused by the influence of 3 components:

- physical characteristics of various stimuli;

- the ratio of such stimuli to their surroundings;

- special mindset of the individual.

It is the last component that makes our perception individual. After all, each individual, the existing stimuli, considers in his own coordinate system. They often depict things that can be associated with the outside world. But the total number of all the stimuli affecting us complicates the whole process of perception even more. Some of them we can absorb completely, others - only partially, some right, and some wrong. In the end, we neglect some stimuli and choose others, because we can not immediately perceive all the information that comes to the brain.

All impressions we select on two levels: external and internal. Internal selection always takes place for physiological and mental reasons. Psychological selection, which is conditioned by our feelings, experiences or interests, forces us to completely distort specific incentives or not to pay attention to them at all.

When perception occurs (this is an obligatory condition), motor components (movement of the eyes and feeling of objects, pronouncing or singing the corresponding sounds) take part in it. So perception will be more correctly designated as perceptual activity of the subject.

Types of perception

The surrounding world, all people feel differently, but, nevertheless, distinguish three basic types of perception:

• Audial (perception of this happens with the help of sounds);
• Visual (through pictures, images);
• Kinesthetic (with the help of tactile sensations, feelings).

People visuals mostly see the world, people hear it, but kinesthetics feel it. These three types of perception help us make decisions, suggest how to respond to certain situations, what is happening around us. Therefore, they can be called even types of thinking.

Naturally, the system audial / visual / kinesthetic seems a bit simplistic. After all, no one can perceive reality one-sidedly, with the help of just one type. A person as it were, switching from one type of perception to another and vice versa (which depends on the situation around).

Development of perception

During human life, perception passes a rather complex path in its development. Especially intensively, this development occurs at the beginning of the child's life, in his early years.

The child is born with a more or less highly developed analysis system, with a number of tentative unconditional reactions, consisting in the installation of receptor apparatuses, which provides an optimal perception of surrounding stimuli. From the first day the child feels significant changes in perception. By 6 months there are searchable active actions. Over time, the infant begins to perceive complex stimuli more complex, can recognize and even differentiate them. Then development goes to the next level - objective perception. This is the period when the child can already recognize the mother. And so step by step the perception becomes more and more active, it is connected with children's active activity. Then it acquires an almost independent meaning and passes into the properties of higher mental functions (awareness and arbitrariness).