Oversized cargo: transportation features, permits and recommendations

Oversized cargo is a cargo, the parameters of which exceed the standards established by standards. For its transportation, a special technique is often required, and special requirements are imposed on transportation. How to transport such goods and what do you need to know about it?

The law establishes a number of rules with respect to bulky and oversized cargo. The main provisions are regulated by the rules of the road. Also in respect of them there are special regulations.

What is a bulky cargo?

This term can hide any cargo, the length of which is more than 13.6 meters, and the width and height exceeds 2.5 meters. With regard to weight, this category includes a load carrying a load on the axle of the vehicle exceeding the maximum permissible according to the technical requirements for this machine.

All these parameters are regulated by the rules for transportation of oversized cargoes, which also state that when leaving the vehicle (1 m in length and 40 cm in width), the cargo must be equipped with special reflective signs.

How to transport such goods?

Of course, the transportation of bulky goods carried out on a special cargo vehicle. Its driver must first obtain permission to the traffic police. It is issued for up to 3 months and can be either disposable or reusable. In the latter case, the number of transportations should not exceed 10. In addition, transportation is carried out strictly along the planned route, deviating from which is prohibited. It's all about the parameters of the carrying capacity of road structures: on this route they are alone, but on the other - others and may not correspond to the parameters of the cargo being transported.

Before transportation it is important to competently approach the organization of this process. To do this, you need to choose the right vehicle or container, approve the necessary attachment schemes, pass the loading and unloading in the established order, draw up a route and arrange all accompanying documents.

What kind of vehicles are used?

For transportation, special vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, as well as containers with the necessary dimensions and parameters of load capacity are used. Long-distance loads, in most cases, are transported on open platforms.

Transportation of small, but heavy loads can be done with road trains, tractors and low-load semi-trailers. In some cases, truck cranes of increased carrying capacity are included in the work.

Restrictions on transportation

Transportation of bulky and heavy cargo is subject to certain restrictions. They concern not only the movement, but also the parking. For example, it is forbidden:

• To develop a speed higher than the one indicated in the resolution for a bulky cargo.
• To move in conditions of insufficient visibility.
• To move in bad weather.
• Moving along the roadside.
• Carry out transportation in case of failure of cargo fasteners.
• Carry out transportation if the load is poorly fastened and moved from the original attachment.
• To transport a cargo whose weight exceeds the maximum permissible values of the vehicle manufacturer.
• Transport cargo that restricts the view to the driver or makes it difficult to drive.
• Transport cargo, shielding light devices, for example, light reflectors.
• Transport cargo that damages the road surface, raising dust or producing extraneous noise.
• Stop on sections that are not designated as parking spaces.

Throughout the route, the driver's duties include strict control of the cargo placement, its condition and fastening. At the slightest violation of the requirements of the instruction, the driver must immediately eliminate it, and if this is impossible, stop the traffic along the route.

It should be taken into account: if a bulky cargo is transported to another country, its rules and regulations may apply, which will also have to be observed.

Permits and penalties

Permission to transport oversized cargo must be obtained in the locality designated as the starting point of the route. The documentation indicates not only the full route, but also the dimensions of the cargo being transported, as well as the load along the axes.

Transportation of goods whose dimensions exceed the maximum permissible without permission is prohibited. Otherwise you can earn a serious fine. For individuals, its size is 2.0-2.5 thousand rubles, and legal entities face punishment much higher - 400-500 thousand. In addition, you can lose your identity for up to six months.

Escort of oversized cargo

Transportation of bulky goods may require escorting special vehicles with flashing beacons. This is especially required for long loads, more than 24 meters in length and 4 meters in width. Requirements for the movement of the accompanying car: it must move ahead of the truck, at a distance of 10-20 meters, without closing the review to him or to the oncoming vehicles.

Accompanying is required in any case to cars moving with a partial occupation of the oncoming lane. In this case, the dimensions of the goods carried are not important.

Official rules and regulations

So, delivering bulky and heavy cargoes is necessary with observance of special rules. They are assigned a whole section of traffic rules under number 23 - "Transportation of goods." In addition, it is necessary to follow the requirements of the instructions for transporting these goods by road. However, the main role is played precisely by the "Rules of the road". In the event of an emergency on the road, it is from them that the court will first of all make a start.

Regardless of the speed indicated in the permit, the maximum permissible speed of transportation of heavy cargo must not be exceeded. For motor vehicles, it is 60 km / h. If the car is moving over a bridge, you can not drive at a speed above 15 km / h.

In addition to obtaining permission from RosAvtodor, in some cases it is also necessary to obtain a special agreement for crossing the railway crossings. Registration of all this documentation takes from two days to two weeks.

Traffic regulations do not establish any restrictions on the maximum mass of a vehicle with a load. All depends on the maximum load on the axis, as well as the quality of the road surface. However, the rules clearly state: the cargo is considered heavy if its weight together with the car is more than 38 tons. For cargo exceeding 44 tons in weight, it is required not just to obtain a permit, but to develop a special project.

As you can see, in order to transport a bulky cargo, it is necessary to take into account a lot of rules and carefully prepare. That's why most people trust this procedure to competent carriers with many years of experience.