Orthognathic bite: signs, characteristics

Correct arrangement of teeth is not only a guarantee of health, but also a beautiful smile. The smoother your teeth, the more aesthetically it looks. But at the present time it is really extremely rare to find the right bite. Increasingly, parents bring their children with a problem of non-closure of teeth and other dental flaws. How to determine the right bite and what deviations happen, we learn from this article.

Bite is what?

According to medical terminology, the bite is the arrangement of the teeth, tightly interlocking with each other. Still there is such a thing as occlusion. Dentists, as a rule, apply it as a designation of the type of teeth clamping. It happens that the dentition can be different. There are three main groups of bites:

• Constant;
• Physiological;
• Pathological.

Any of the species can be determined only when the teeth are already fully formed. Typically, this occurs at the age of twelve to fifteen years.

The concept of "orthodontics"

Many people are surprised when they come across such an interesting concept as orthodontics in dentistry. What it is? So called the medical direction, which is designed to correct congenital malocclusion anomalies. If the teeth from the birth are far from each other, if they grow crookedly, if the child has a wrong bite, all of these aesthetic problems are solved by the orthodontist. It is very important not to confuse orthodontics with orthopedics. In the first case, the specialist removes the defects obtained at birth, and in the second person the pathology acquires during life.

For a couple of millennia of its existence, orthodontics has become the most in demand in dentistry. To correct the "smile" special bracket systems are used, they are made of strong materials. Locks are attached to the teeth with the help of specialized glue, and the whole system "prompts" the organs to stand up properly relative to each other. Depending on the complexity of the initial condition, therapy can take from four months to 1.5 years. We hope you understand the task that orthodontics solve in dentistry, what it is and what results can be expected. We go further.

What are the abnormalities of malocclusion?

The bite pathology, as a rule, is not a congenital defect, because the location of the teeth is formed for a very long time. There are several main stages during which the appearance of the bite is modified:

• newborn;
• temporary;
• Formed temporary;
• mixed;
• constant.

Breaking the growth of bones in all these periods can lead to an abnormality of the bite. In different cases, this manifests itself in different ways. The most basic pathologies are as follows:

• Progenic bite;
• Medial;
• cross;
• Dystopia.

If the dislocation of the teeth is due to overly developed upper jaw, it is a progenic bite. The medial arises when the lower jaw comes forward very strongly. The correct option of the location of the teeth is an orthognathic bite.

Types of proper bite

As it is impossible to meet the same people, you will not find the same casts of teeth. Even their correct arrangement still has some varieties, differing in character, and also the appearance of the closure. The standard of beauty is considered orthognathic bite. Next, discuss what it is.

If an orthodontist says that a person has an orthognathic bite, his characteristic will be as follows: the upper row slightly covers the lower one, and the front teeth of the upper jaw cover a third of the coronal lower incisors.

There is still such a thing as the direct arrangement of the dentition. As well as orthognathic, this bite is correct. In this case, the teeth do not close each other, but simply close tightly.

Progenic bite is a fine line between anomalous and normal location. At its owners the upper jaw, as a rule, is advanced forward, nevertheless dense closing of a teeth gives the chance to carry it to a physiological type.

Signs of a correct occlusion in adults

Probably, every person thought about the question of what a proper bite should be. First, it is beautiful, and secondly, the health of the dentition depends on this (and not only). Therefore now we will study signs of an orthognathic occlusion.

Diagnose it according to such data:

• When the jaws are closed, the anterior tuber at the top comes into the lower one.
• The overlapping distance of the incisors at the top and bottom should correspond to 2-3 mm.
• Teeth should not be deployed along the axis, with the correct location they are at a slight angle in the anteroposterior direction.

Signs of a proper bite in children

Orthognathic bite of teeth in children is determined somewhat differently:

• If the jaw is at rest, there should be a small space between the rows (2 to 3 mm).
• 1/3 - this should be the level of overlapping the lower row with the top one.
• The upper arc is similar to the half-ellipse, and the lower one should form a parabola.
• Teeth from above and from below should be completely symmetrical.
• The average vertical line drawn between the incisors of the upper and lower jaws must coincide.
• Each tooth should have two antagonists, this applies to both the upper and lower rows.

All these signs of orthognathic occlusion in a child can be detected before the age of 12, if you notice any deviations from the standard, you should immediately contact the orthodontist for help.

Why are these pathologies dangerous?

Almost all bite abnormalities always entail many health problems. First of all, the digestive tract suffers, because the food can not chew well. It is especially dangerous in this case to have an open appearance of pathology, since the chewing function is almost absent. Among other things, such violations can lead to diseases of the teeth themselves, since the load on them is uneven, as a result, at the age of 30-40 years can begin periodontal disease.

In addition to all of the above, due to the pathology of the location of the teeth, the disease of the joints of the temple develops. After that, the person is most likely to suffer headaches, in addition, there will be some sound of a click during the opening of the mouth. In some varieties of anomalies, soft tissues of the mouth may be injured.

Also, do not forget about aesthetics, because with any violations of the bite, first of all the profile of the face suffers , the curvature of the dentition is revealed. With a front type in general, speech is difficult. And, for example, in the progenic type, breathing becomes more complicated, and surgical intervention is already necessary here.

What you need to know for future mothers

Since pathological disturbances sometimes occur even during fetal development, future mothers need to pay special attention to such an issue as the level of calcium in the body. Most of all minerals to the child are required, starting from the 20th week: at this time, teeth are beginning to form. After birth, it is very important to properly apply to the breast and feed the baby. When a crumb is just born, its lower jaw is usually slightly smaller than the top, but after a while everything is leveled. In this case, the development of facial muscles plays an important role. If you have identified a pathology, you should immediately consult a doctor. Modern possibilities of orthodontic therapy will help you quickly solve the above-described problems without harm to health. Do not postpone this issue for later, since later it will be more difficult to get rid of the disease. If you notice a child's curvature of the teeth, immediately go to the orthodontist and put braces: at an early age, this disease is easier to treat.