Objects of capital construction: definition. Types of capital construction objects

The term "capital construction" (CS) involves not only the erection of new buildings / structures, but also design and survey, installation, commissioning, modernization of existing fixed assets, preparation of technical documentation.

Types of capital construction

To answer the question: "What is the object of capital construction?" - it is necessary to find out what types of CS exist. Let us dwell on this in more detail.

Types of COP:

1. New construction - the creation of facilities or their complex in new areas, which after completion of the works during commissioning will consist on an independent balance sheet.
2. Reconstruction of existing enterprises - elimination of physical wear of buildings or its elements with possible reorganization of existing workshops for improving production, increasing capacity and improving product quality.
3. Technical re-equipment of operating enterprises is a whole complex of measures aimed at modernization and automation of production in order to improve the financial performance of the organization. With this type of construction, reconstruction and / or expansion of existing production areas is not carried out.
4. Expansion of existing enterprises is the creation and / or increase of new / existing facilities and workshops at an operating institution. Objects do not put on an independent balance after the documentary design associated with commissioning.

In other words, the result of any of the listed types of capital construction is an object.

Objects of capital construction: definition

Construction is a developing industry, in the process of which there are ready-made objects for production / non-production functions and infrastructure. What falls under the category of "capital construction objects"? Definition (the wording is spelled out in the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation) treats this concept as follows: residential and non-residential buildings and unfinished construction projects (except for buildings such as canopies and stalls).

Types of objects COP

A detached building with all communications, overpasses, equipment, furniture is called the object of construction.

The building is the result of construction activities, forming a system consisting of underground and / or aboveground parts, the structure of which includes rooms, engineering and technical communications. The purpose of erection is accommodation, accommodation of production, keeping animals or storing products.

Construction - an engineering and construction facility designed for production processes: storage of goods, movement of people or goods. The main difference from the building is the temporary stay of people at the facility, for example: bridges, dams, power lines, stadiums.

The term "structure" is used as a generalized name for the previous two concepts. It is also the result of construction, but is not registered in the register of objects of the COP.

The objects of unfinished construction are structures suspended for a certain period of time.

Classification of capital construction objects

In the Cadastre Code The definition and types of capital construction objects are outlined. These are: buildings, structures (pipelines, wells, power lines and communications, dams), buildings and unfinished construction projects.

According to the same Government Decision No. 87, in which the composition of the project documentation was approved, it is customary to distinguish three types of CC objects according to the functional significance:

• For production processes;
• Non-productive purpose;
• Linear.

Industrial facilities include industrial buildings and facilities, as well as security and defense facilities. The constructions of housing stock, communal-domestic, cultural, social purpose and capital nature are usually classified as non-productive.

Linear Objects

Engineering networks, communications, pipelines, power lines and communications, highways, bridges, tunnels are linear objects of capital construction. Determination of the location in the design of this category of structures is carried out by the establishment of characteristic points by specialists in the land use case and is regulated by the Federal Law "On the State Real Estate Cadastre".

Obtaining documents permitting the construction of line facilities is carried out on the basis of the Urban Planning and Land Code of the Russian Federation and the law "On Highways and Road Activities".

Building objects that do not require authorization documentation

Permit documentation is a package of documents that meets the requirements of the urban planning plan of the land plot (GPRS) and allows the builder to start the construction and reconstruction.

The town planning plan is the documentation, without which the project organization has no right to issue its decision for the construction and reconstruction of facilities. Is issued to the developer after a written application by the architectural department with the approval of the district administration.

According to Art. 51 GRK, the beginning of construction without permits is allowed if the following is to be erected:

• A garage on a land plot belonging to an individual;
• Kiosks, canopies and other objects of non-capital nature;
• Structures of ancillary nature;
• And also in case of need to change the capital structures, without affecting the bearing structures, without violating the characteristics of reliability and safety.

Distinctive features of the capital object

To understand the difference between temporary and capital buildings, it is necessary to consider the legal and economic side of the subject matter.

Temporary construction is an auxiliary object erected for full-scale construction and is subject to dismantling after completion of work. It is not issued with title documents.

On the technical side, the temporary building may have the same features (foundation, capital walls, reinforced concrete floors) as capital construction facilities. Determination of fine Edges The difference lies in their different legal status. When building capital facilities, their long term of operation is provided, while temporary buildings have a limited period of use not exceeding five years.

The main signs of belonging to the object of capital construction are its inseparable connection with the land and, accordingly, the need for obtaining permits. But more on that later.

Objects of capital construction: the problems of their assignment to real estate

Until 2005, legal constructions such as "real estate objects in town planning", "objects of town-planning activity" were used. With the introduction of some corrections, the terminology has changed. So, since 2005 in the Russian legislation for the first time the term "object of capital construction" has been entered. The concept and definition of this category appear not only in urban development, but also in other branches of law (operate in terms of land, forest legislation, civil law).

The interpretation of the term ACS is reduced to a simple list of objects, without assigning any properties or attributes to them. But it is known that the capital structure has a connection with the land plot and can not be moved or dismantled without prejudice to its purpose.

On the other hand, for comparison, you need to consider the signs of real estate. In the Civil Code, in the position of Art. 130, the list of properties inherent in real estate is indicated:

• Strong connection to the ground;
• Mandatory state registration;
• Impossibility of realizing the movement of real estate without causing damage to its construction; This also applies to structures, buildings and unfinished construction projects.

Normally mentioned are objects of capital construction, the definition of which is in the GRK RF. That is, real estate objects (unfinished objects, buildings and structures) are ACS, therefore, they are characterized by the same characteristics as for real estate.

Unauthorized construction. Can it be the object of the COP?

An unauthorized construction is an object whose construction was carried out without obtaining the necessary permits in the territory not allocated for these purposes and with violation of sanitary, town-planning norms and rules.

If the court recognizes unauthorized construction as an object of capital construction, two options are possible:

1. Demolition of the object by a person who carried out the construction of a building that was not coordinated with the authorities (on its own and at its own expense).
2. Recognition by the court of the right of ownership for the construction of unauthorized construction. Provided the construction of real estate in compliance with construction standards, without creating a threat to the health and life of citizens.