Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery (Moscow): timetable of divine services, address, opening hours. How to get there by public transport to the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery?

A rare question among historians is such animated discussions as the founding of the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery, once one of the largest and most famous not only in Moscow, but throughout Russia. Contrary to documentary evidence, a legend persists, claiming that its creation is associated with the Battle of Kulikovo, which occurred, as is known, in 1380, and that the first inhabitants of the monastery were participants of this historic event.

Abode on the river bank

But no matter when the monastery appeared, the place for it was chosen exceptionally well. The cells of the first inhabitants were built on a hill near the banks of the Moskva River, in front of which the picturesque expanse of Russian distances stretched, and the domes of the Moscow churches glistened in the distance. It was gratifying, having withdrawn from the complete sins and temptations of the world's sea, to unite here with spiritual impulses with the Eternal Creator.

The name of the monastery is also curious. It is generally accepted (based on the same legends) that it originated from the geographical outline of the Moscow River, which seemed to interrupt the direction of its current and make a sharp turn to the right, in the direction of the village of Kolomensky, located opposite this place. However, it is known that the original name of the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery was different: Nikola Stary.

Monastery in ancient letters

This is what the monastery was called in the days that preceded its first mention in documents that reached us, which, by the way, is an indirect proof of its antiquity. The logic is simple - if the monastery already in those years was listed as "old", therefore, it was founded much earlier.

The name Perervinsky first appears in one of the decrees of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, dated 1623 year. From this document it appears that on the territory of the monastery there was a log church in honor of St. Nicholas, and, apart from the monks-blacks, lived two elders and an abbot. During the Polish invasion the monastery was ruined, as well as most of the monasteries near Moscow, and it is difficult to say whether the church mentioned in the decree was saved from a fire, or rebuilt after the end of the Time of Troubles.

Under the auspices of the first Romanov tsars

The reign of the first of the Romanovs - the sovereign Mikhail Fedorovich - was a period of active growth and expansion of the Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery. There are records of the generous contributions made by him, as well as spiritual and secular persons who donated money to the monastery, as well as liturgical books and all kinds of church utensils.

Active construction in the monastery began with the accession to the throne of his son - the next sovereign, Alexei Mikhailovich Tishayshago. Thanks to his patronage and financial assistance, two stone churches were laid in 1649 - in honor of the Dormition of the Mother of God, the consecration of which took place one year later, and Nicholas the Wonderworker - a larger building completed and consecrated in 1654.

Iberian Chapel

In the same reign, but two decades later appeared the stone temple of Sergius of Radonezh, and in Moscow itself the highest decree to the monastery included a chapel in the area of the Neglin gate (later Resurrection), widely known then as the Iberian. It received its name as a result of the fact that from 1669 it kept the list of the Iberian Icon of the Mother of God brought from Athos to which all Moscow gathered during the holidays. Nicholas-Perervinsky monastery in this regard was even more famous, and hence, the influx of pilgrims.

During the reign of Peter I

The end of the XVII century in the history of the Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery is inextricably linked with the name of the patriarch Adrian, who was an ardent supporter of Russian antiquity and, as far as the forces of eschewed innovations brought to life by Peter. However, full of true Christian humility, he did not consider it possible to raise his voice against the Anointed One of God, but retired to his dear Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery. There, specifically for him, was built a room, called "Patriarch's cells" and for several years became the place of his solitary prayers. During this period, the service at the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery was held with a special splendor.

The brainchild of Patriarch Adrian

At his own expense, Patriarch Adrian built a two-story stone church, consecrated in honor of St. Nicholas, on the site of the three previously erected churches dismantled by his decree. This attracted many more pilgrims to the Nicholas-Perervinsky Monastery. Opening hours of the new church were not limited to the timetable of services, but lasted until late at night.

It is characteristic that in the appearance of the temple the features inherent in the Old Russian style prevailed, rather than the Moscow baroque, which was then widely circulated and so beloved by the sovereign. The Patriarch himself also consecrated his offspring after the completion of its construction, and in 1700, at the walls of the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery, peacefully departed to the Lord.

The heir to the throne educator

The next event of the monastery's history is connected with the name of Metropolitan of Moscow Platon (Levshin) - one of the outstanding hierarchs of the synodal period of the church's history, which was called "the second Chrysostom" sent to him by the preaching message. It is known that, having appreciated his high moral qualities and wide erudition in many areas of knowledge, Empress Catherine II appointed him the tutor of the heir to the throne - the future emperor Paul I.

The creation of the Nikolo-Perervinsky Seminary

Being a highly educated person, Metropolitan Platon grieved over the low level of knowledge among spiritual pastors who served in numerous churches in Russia. At that time, only two educational institutions were engaged in the preparation of the priests: the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy and the Trinity Seminary. Their graduates clearly did not have enough to meet the needs of a huge country. As a result, people who do not have special knowledge sometimes engaged in the spiritual nourishment of the flock.

In order to rectify the situation as much as possible, in 1775 he gives the order to establish a seminary in the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery, which, from the very first days, began to be called Platonovskaya in honor of him. Having opened a new educational institution, Metropolitan Platon does not stop caring for his needs for the rest of his life. Regularly visiting the monastery, the church hierarch thoroughly examines all the problems associated with it, and spares no effort to solve them. His care extended to the economic needs associated with the nutrition and clothing of the seminarians, and the level of teaching.

The Metropolitan personally attended the examinations and debates, checked the work of the students and made estimates. His works were not wasted - in the course of time a whole galaxy of outstanding religious figures came out of the walls of the seminary, and within thirty-nine years she gave spiritual pastors for the numerous parishes of boundless Russia.

Memorial plate on the wall of the temple

Many people are obliged to Metropolitan Platon and the monastery itself. His merits are so great that their list was carved on a stone slab built into the wall of the St. Nicholas Church. It has survived to this day and contains thirty-eight items, including references to numerous construction and economic works conducted in the monastery under his leadership and often on his own means. Under Metropolitan Platon, the worship service at the Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery was held not only in the temples, but also within the walls of the seminary created by him.

Proceedings of Metropolitan Philaret

The third archpastor, who left a bright mark in the history of the monastery, became Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret (Drozdov). Having ascended to the archpastoral department in 1821, he remained on it for almost half a century and all this time he tirelessly monitored the well-being of the Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery, visiting it and often conducting services there.

A man extraordinarily erudite and educated, Vladyka Filaret made an immeasurable contribution to the propaganda of Orthodoxy, becoming the initiator and main performer of the translation of the Bible from Slavonic into Russian, thus giving the opportunity to read it to people far from Orthodoxy and not possessing the ancient church language.

The poet at the metropolitan department

He entered history and his literary activities - in particular, poetic polemics with Alexander Pushkin. His public response to the great poet is well known for the full lines of despair and hopelessness of the line of the poem "The Gift of Vain, the Gift of the Casual." In it, Metropolitan Filaret, who complains to the emptiness and senselessness of life, strongly objects in artistic form to the fact that it is not the life itself, or the One who gave it to us, that should be reproached in the spiritual emptiness that has engulfed us, but only ourselves, mired in vanity and passions . The way out, he said, is to turn his thoughts to God.

Opening of the parish and uyezd school

In 1824, the monastic seminary, founded by Metropolitan Platon, was abolished, and in its place was created the Nikolo-Perervinsky parish and then the uyezd school. Despite the extreme employment, Bishop Filaret found time to regularly attend public examinations held in them. In those years, this form of testing was universally accepted and contributed to the objectivity of the assessments submitted. It is known that he often asked questions himself and was very happy when the student discovered the knowledge necessary to answer them. Vladyka also provided practical assistance in the further construction and improvement of the monastery.

The largest national theologian of the XIX century, for his works and life, which became the model of Christian service to God and people, Metropolitan Drozdov was glorified in the face of saints. An interesting detail: his great-great-great-great-great-grandson is Nikolai Nikolaevich Drozdov, a professor at the Moscow State University, well known to everyone as the host of the program "In the Animal World."

Years of total atheism

After the October coup, the Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery in Pechatniki - as it is often called by the present name of the district where it is located - shared the bitter fate of thousands of Russian holy monasteries. Throughout the twenties there was a process of its gradual abolition and transfer of premises for use for various economic purposes. The schedule of services in the Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery for a long time disappeared from the gates of the monastery, giving way to official signboards with the names of state institutions that were located in it.

A very sad fate befell the Iberian chapel. She was repeatedly robbed and criminals, and representatives of the new government. From the icon, which was revered by all of Russia, the bandits stole the crown, ubrus and precious stones. They did not manage to rip off the golden garment from it, but the Chekists who appeared after them successfully coped with it.

In 1924, many members of the community were repressed, and the chapel was in the possession of the Renovationists for five years - a movement of the clergy that broke away from the official Orthodoxy, attempting to change the church charter and enter into cooperation with the Bolsheviks. Finally, in 1929 by the decision of the Moscow City Council it was destroyed.

Fresh breath adjustment

Under the jurisdiction of the Orthodox Church, the St. Nicholas Cathedral was transferred in 1991, but the problem was that the whole territory of the monastery with its numerous buildings remained state property, and it was managed by the tenant enterprise Stankokonstruktsiya. Only three years later it was decided to return her church, after which the entire Nikolo-Perervinsky monastery began to revive actively. The schedule of the divine services - as a symbol of the revival of the shrine - reappeared on the doors of the main temple.

However, the work was enormous. In addition to the St. Nicholas Cathedral, which was at that time in proper condition, it was necessary to restore and restore the Iberian Cathedral, barely cleared of the remnants of industrial debris. Much in this direction was made not only by the residents of the monastery and wage workers, but also by laity, who expressed a desire to help the early restoration of the shrine.

Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery: how to get there by public transport?

Nowadays the ancient monastery has again opened its doors widely for all who wish to pray in the vaults, remembering the greatest church hierarchs of past centuries. All of them with joy accepts the Nicholas-Perervinsky monastery, whose address: Moscow, st. Shosseynaya, 82. You can get to it by metro to the Pechatniki station, and then by buses Nos. 292, 703 or 161. You can also get there by minibus by going from the metro station "Tekstilshiki" to the stop "Nikolo-Perervinsky Monastery" . The schedule of services in the monastery is as follows: on weekdays the Divine Liturgy at 7:30, the Akathist at 16:00 and the evening service at 17:00. On holidays and weekends, the early mass at 6:30, and late at 9:00. On Sundays there is also a special children's liturgy. It takes place at 8:00.