Moths - family of the class Dicotyledons

Class Dicotyledons, the family Motylkovye (Bean) - it is about the representatives of this systematic group of plants that will be discussed in our article. They have characteristic features, by which they are easily distinguished from others. A wide area of distribution and widespread use in human life makes them an important object for study.

Life forms

Plants of the Moth family are represented in nature by all existing life forms. This is grass, and bushes, and trees. Everyone is well aware of small shoots of clover, which pleases us in the spring with its magnificent inflorescences. But the acacia is a tall tree with a sprawling crown.

The structure of the flower

The butterflies are a family of the Dicotyledons class, which got its name due to the special structure of the flower. It is always irregular in shape. This means that its corolla is formed by petals of different shapes and sizes. Visually it resembles a moth in flight. Hence the name of the family. The flower is five-membered. However, the petals are free, and the sepals grow together. Pestle is formed by one carpel. The number of stamens is 10. Depending on the type of plant, they can be fused or free. But most of the representatives of butterfly 9 staminate filaments are connected, and one remains free.

Outwardly the flower also reminds the boat. The upper petal, which is also called the sail, is the largest. The two lateral ones are much smaller and are fastened free - "oars". The lower petals join together, forming directly "the bottom of the boat".

Flowers can be single or collected in inflorescences. For example, a clover has a head, a lupine and a pea have a brush, and a lapwing has an umbrella.

Structure of leaves

In the predominant majority of cases, butterflies have complex leaves with the next location on the stem. At their base are paired stipules or spines.

Type of fruit

The fruit of the Motylkov family is called the "bean". Hence the second name of the family. Sometimes it is called Legumes. This type of fruit belongs to the group of dry expanders. It is represented by two leaves, on each of which there are many seeds.

Plants of the family Moth

Mimosa, alfalfa, rank, lupine, peanut ... Ptyseal - a family whose representatives are well known to all and fairly common. Their species composition is about 18 thousand. Bean plants can be found in different climatic zones - from hot deserts to the Far North. Their characteristic feature is that the roots are inhabited by specific nodule bacteria. This coexistence is mutually beneficial. Pancakes get valuable bacteria from bacteria, which are able to absorb. Unicellular, in turn, is provided by organic substances created by plants in the process of photosynthesis.

The importance of legumes

Moths - a family of dicotyledons, whose representatives are widely used by man. Leguminous plants, which include soy, beans, lentils, are valuable food crops. In the crop rotations, peas and sweet clover participate as precursors of wheat and vegetables.

The fruit of the Motylkov family can also be found underground. An example of this is peanuts. Its seeds contain a lot of protein, vegetable fats, starch and vitamins. Together with soy, they are valuable oil crops.

Medicinal plants are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Infusions of licorice are used to treat diseases of the respiratory system, food poisoning. Many butterflies are valuable melliferous plants. White acacia, alfalfa is a valuable source of nectar - a favorite delicacy of bees.

Interesting to know

The butterflies are a family that can rightly be called one of the oldest. Paleontologists suggest that peas started growing in the third millennium BC. And now on the planet the territory of its crops reaches 10 million hectares.

Soy protein officially has a quality standard of vegetable protein, assigned to it by the International Commission on Food Resources at the United Nations. According to statistics, every third liter of vegetable oil produced in the world falls on this plant. And from "soy flour" they get "milk", which does not differ in taste from cow's milk.

Beans are a record-keeping plant for the content of potassium compounds. That is why it is recommended for people with impaired renal function, cardiovascular system, with increased pressure, joint diseases.

The substance, which contains the sweet potato sweet clover, is able to prevent blood clotting and is therefore used in thrombophlebitis, a disease in which clots form in the vessels.

Another valuable plant of the family Motylkova, which gives a lot of green mass, is both poisonous. It is a lupine that contains alkaloids. It used to be used only as a green fertilizer, and now there are also non-poisonous varieties.

Among the representatives of the Motylkov family there are giant plants. Some tropical trees reach a height of more than 80 m. To hold such giants help the powerful supporting roots, located on the surface of the soil.

Thus, the main characteristics of the representatives of the Motylkov family (Legumes) are the structure of the flower, which in appearance resembles a butterfly, and the presence of nodule bacteria that live in the tissues of the roots of these plants. Many of them are valuable fodder, oil and leguminous crops, which are actively cultivated by humans.