Microelements. Percentage in the cell, value

Today we will look at the cell and its trace elements. The percentage in the cell will also be described in detail. First, let's talk about the very concept of "cell".

Everything that surrounds us and we ourselves is a kind of constructor. Everything consists of tiny particles that can not be seen without special equipment called the Microscope. A cell is a cavity inside which an aqueous solution of chemical substances is surrounded by a membrane. Before we consider micronutrients (cell percentage and other issues), it is necessary to understand: the cell is able to survive on its own and has a number of characteristics:

• metabolism;
• Self-reproduction and so on.

The last thing worth mentioning: cytology deals with the study of elementary structural elements, that is, cells.

Atomic composition

In the periodic system of Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev there are more than a hundred elements, and in the human cell contains more than half of them. In addition, about 20 of these elements are necessary for the life of the body, they can be found in virtually all of its types. Our main question is the microelements, the percentage in the cell. But, it is necessary to know that elements by their percentage content in a cell can be divided into classes:

• Macronutrients;
• Microelements;
• Ultramicroelements.

If you take all the trace elements, then their percentage in the total amount does not exceed three percent. These elements can include the following:

• magnesium;
• chlorine;
• sodium;
• potassium;
• calcium;
• iron;
• sulfur;
• phosphorus.

As you can see, there are only eight of them, in comparison with macronutrients, of which there are only 4, and their total percentage exceeds the index of 90. Many elements belong to the group of ultramicroelements, and their total percentage does not exceed 0.1.

Trace Elements

Now consider the trace elements.

The percentage of microelements in the cell is as follows:

As you can see, these figures are very small. In the table, we examined the percentage content of trace elements in the cell, but what is their function. Some of the elements we singled out separately, and now briefly about the rest. And so, the sodium performs several functions, among which:

• Ensuring a normal heart rate;
• Creation of cell membrane potential;
• With the help of this element, nerve impulses are carried out;
• Maintaining the water-salt balance.

The percentage of microelements (potassium, sulfur and chlorine) in the cell is less than 1 percent. However, these elements perform many necessary functions:

• Potassium is the main cation, it, as well as sodium, provides normal cardiac work, assists in the synthesis of protein;
• Sulfur is a constituent element of amino acids, vitamin B ₁ and other enzymes;
• Chlorine is an extracellular anion that is part of the acid of gastric juice.

Magnesium

We examined all trace elements. The percentage in the cell is also shown in the table above. But why do we need magnesium, and what functions does it perform? With this, we now and understand.

We can find it in almost all human cells. Why? It is magnesium that takes part in most biochemical reactions, more than 300. The first main purpose is to participate in the creation of energy, that is, ATP. This is very important, since ATP performs the role of an energy station for both cells and the organism in general.

The second function is to help in the assimilation of certain substances and the synthesis of protein. The third function is regulation in the body of the following elements:

• Sodium;
• Calcium.

This is necessary for the proper functioning of the heart and nervous system, preventing ischemic heart disease.

Calcium

We examined the percentage of trace elements, it can be seen from the table that calcium is only 0.02% of all elements. Nevertheless, its significance is also great. So:

• Calcium is part of the cell walls;
• Is a part of bone tissue and tooth enamel;
• Calcium is able to activate blood clotting;
• Is a part of the shells of many invertebrates;
• Serves as an intermediary within the cells and regulates various processes;
• Coordinates heart rate;
• Regulates blood pressure;
• Participates in the work of the nervous system;
• Maintains the acid-base balance in our body;
• Prevents viruses from entering cells and so on.

Iron

This element is simply necessary for the normal process of vital activity of the body. It is he who helps in transporting oxygen to all organs and tissues. Also this element is a part of enzymes, hemoglobin, myoglobin. Iron is involved in the process of respiration and photosynthesis in plants.

Phosphorus

Element is necessary for the body for many reasons. The main ones are:

• Formation of teeth;
• Formation of bones;
• Is a part of many enzymes;
• Participates in the regeneration of cells and tissues;
• Production of ATP-molecules, necessary storage of energy for the organism;
• Assistance in the functioning of the kidneys;
• Regulation of muscle contractions.