Mechanisms of socialization of personality

The mechanisms of socialization help the person's socialization in the process of interaction with different agents and factors. Opinions of scientists on how to consider the mechanisms of socialization are ambiguous and often divergent, but if we summarize them, we can still call the socio-psychological and psychological mechanisms of socialization of the individual common to all .

The mechanisms of socialization are psychological:

1. Imprinting is the imprinting of images, objects, sensations that are of vital importance to him at the level of the subconscious and receptors. Most imprinting occurs in infancy, although not necessarily, imprinting is possible and at a later age.
2. Existential pressure - the influence on the mastery of the languages (native and non-native) of the human condition, as well as the unconscious assimilation of social norms of life by man.
3. Imitation - examples from real life or those that offer the media.
4. Identification - in interaction with influential persons or groups, a person identifies their model of behavior, norms, values with their model.
5. Reflexion is the management of a person's inner dialogue, in which he analyzes, denies or agrees. Dialogue can be conducted with other persons, real or imaginary, or with different "I" rights.

Socio-psychological mechanisms of socialization exist as follows:

1. The traditional mechanism of socialization is the assimilation by the individual of patterns of behavior, norms, views of the traditional for his closest environment (family, neighbors, friends). Customs, traditions, behavioral stereotypes adopted in this environment can be both social and antisocial. They are absorbed at the subconscious level, when the basic stereotypes are perceived without the slightest criticism, a person remembers them using all the above psychological mechanisms of socialization, except reflection.
2. The institutional mechanism of socialization is included when a person interacts with various institutions of society and organizations, accumulating, as a result, the necessary knowledge and experience to help him or to behave in a way that his social behavior has been approved, or to avoid complying with the norms of society without any problems and Consequences for themselves. Television, radio, print, cinema, being a social institution, also influence the socialization of man and not only through the transmission of information, but also through the presentation of norms of behavior through images of bright positive and negative characters in films and books. As a result, people identify themselves with these or other characters, trying on their lifestyle, their pattern of behavior.
3. The mechanism of socialization stylized works only within the framework of that subculture to which a person belongs and just as much as this subculture and its members are significant for a person. By subculture is understood the combination of psychological, moral signs, specific behavior, characteristic for people of a particular profession, culture, age. As a result of this connection, a special way of life, a way of thinking in a group (age, social, religious, professional, ethnographic, etc.) arises.
4. The interpersonal mechanism of socialization works in the process of a person's relationship with people who have great importance for him (parents, a friend, just an adult respected person). It goes without saying that these influential persons belong to some organization, group, subculture, but they do not necessarily exert the same influence on a person as the group itself, organization or subculture.

The relationship between the impact on a person's socialization of certain mechanisms depends on his gender, age, and belonging to a particular culture. Each of the mechanisms of socialization plays its role in a certain sphere of socialization.