Maloyaroslavets, sights: the estate "Vorobyevo" and others

This is an ancient Russian city, located on the bank of a small river, Luzha, north-east of Kaluga. The area of the city is 1787 hectares.

From the history of the city

At the end of the 14th century the city was founded by Prince Vladimir Serpukhovsky. He was named in honor of the fourth prince's son, Yaroslavl. For the first time the city is mentioned in the annals in 1402. After joining the Moscow Principality, it was renamed Maloyaroslavets. In 1776 he received the status of a county town. October 24, 1912 Maloyaroslavets became the site of a bloody battle of Russian troops with a powerful army of Napoleon. After a 17-hour incessant battle, the city passed eight times from hand to hand. As a result of fierce fighting, it was virtually destroyed.

During the Great Patriotic War Maloyaroslavets was briefly in occupation and also severely damaged. In 2012, under the decree of VV Putin, he received the title of "City of military glory."

Maloyaroslavets: attractions

The city, which has a rich history, has a huge number of cultural, historical and architectural monuments. The city authorities treat them very carefully, monitor their condition and carry out the necessary restoration work.

Settlement

It is a unique historical and natural monument. An artificial earthen mound, 30 meters high, is located on the bank of the Luzha River, between two ravines. Archaeologists argue that there were settlements of the Vyatich tribes who lived in the territory where today the Kaluga region is located in the 12th and 13th centuries.

At the end of the 14th century, the settlement was fortified by Dmitry Donskoy's brother, Vladimir the Brave-Don. It is assumed that this is what he called the new settlement Yaroslavl. It was a wooden dike on a high earthen rampart, a fortified settlement, adapted for melee defense. It was the urban fencing system.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, after numerous attacks by Crimean Tatars and Lithuanian invaders, the fortress was burnt. Remains of this tree have survived until now.

Chernoostrovsky Monastery

Not far from the ancient settlement, on the bank of the river Yaroslavki, surrounded by magnificent gardens, is located Nikolsky Chernoostrovsky monastery. It was founded in the late 16th century. In those days, he occupied only one of the hills, which was covered with a dense and hard-to-reach "black" forest. Hence the name - Chernoostrovsky. This is the first version of the foundation of the monastery.

According to the second, it was built by the princes of the Obolensky in the 14th century on the mountain, which was formerly called the Black Ostrog. In the ancient chronicles the monastery was called Chernoostrozhsky. Later the name acquired a modern sound. In the 17th century the monastery was destroyed, but in the second half of the 17th century it was rebuilt by the eldest Ipatii. In 1775 it became a parish church.

The monastery was revived in 1800 thanks to the merchant Tselibeev, who donated 20 thousand rubles (a huge amount at that time) for the maintenance of the brethren.

In 1812, under the walls of the monastery passed the legendary Maloyaroslavets battle with the army of Napoleon. As a result, the temple was destroyed, the property was plundered. The surviving remnants were re-consecrated in 1813, and its restoration began.

The monastery safely existed until 1918, until the Bolsheviks closed it. From it the ancient acts and letters, invaluable icons, church vessels, the richest vestry disappeared without a trace.

In the mid-twenties, all the monks left the monastery. After that, the pedagogical technical school was placed in the building. In 1991 the monastery was transferred to the Kaluga diocese. Divine services and the new life of the monastery began on October 4, 1992.

Revival of the monastery

In recent years, large-scale restoration, construction and repair work is under way here. The bishop's, sister's and refectory corps were rebuilt, a hotel for pilgrims, and vegetable gardens and flower gardens were built. In the former chapel there is a museum with the diorama of the battle of 1812.

Homestead in Vorobievo

Lovers of antiquity have always been attracted by the small town of Maloyaroslavets. Its sights are a huge historical value. In 1897, near the village of Vorobyevo, a promising Petersburg surgeon, S. P. Fedorov, acquired land and began to build a church school and an outpatient clinic for the peasants.

The project of this manor was developed and led by an engineer from Sweden Gunnar Svenson, who at that time was a consultant for the construction of the Swedish embassy. Many details of the building are made in the modernist style popular in those years in Europe. The farmstead "Vorobyevo" is surrounded by a magnificent fruit garden, a shady square. On its territory there is a greenhouse and a park with ponds.

All facades of this mansion with an attic are individual. They successfully used different types of textures and finishes - perfectly smooth surfaces, plastered, finished with ceramic tiles. The composition is complicated by a corner tower, balconies, terraces and ledges. A special role is played by windows of various shapes. Since 1945 and up to the present day there is a sanatorium on the territory of the estate.

The Vorobyevo estate became the administrative building. Here is a museum of its history.

Monument of Glory

Known for its military events Maloyaroslavets. Sights, relating to the exploits of compatriots of different times, he keeps very reverent. This applies to the Monument of Fame, built by the decree of Nicholas I in the beginning of the 19th century in memory of the soldiers who died during the battle with Napoleon.

All cast-iron elements were cast at the Alexandrovsky Foundry in St. Petersburg. In August 1844, a monument was laid to the soldiers who glorified Maloyaroslavets. Sightseeing (the photos of which you see in this article) are endlessly dear to the townspeople. Of course, they tell us about the heroic history of their great-grandfathers.

Maloyaroslavets: attractions, reviews

Tourists who visited this city, very flatteringly speak about it. In the first place, everyone is struck by his extraordinary purity. And this applies not only to streets and squares, irreproachable cleanliness reigns in hotel rooms. Special thanks are due to hotel staff. All work professionally, unobtrusively and at the same time, all are friendly and benevolent.

A huge impression on tourists produces monuments dedicated to the heroes of the Patriotic War, especially the museum-diorama "Maloyaroslavets battle", which is located in the chapel of the monastery.

Many note unusual sensations when visiting an ancient site of ancient settlement. Probably, this is due to the professionalism of local guides who can transfer their listeners to several centuries ago.

Some guests of the city note some neglect of the territory of the estate "Vorobyevo", which spoils the impression of visiting this wonderful monument.

Today we tried to imagine a small, provincial, primordially Russian town - Maloyaroslavets. The sights of this city can not be described in one article, they just need to be seen.