"Lasix" in ampoules: instructions for use, dosage

What are diuretics? These drugs have a different chemical structure, which inhibit the reabsorption of salts and water in the tubules of the kidneys, and also increase their excretion along with the urine. In addition, such drugs increase the formation of urine, reduce the water content in serous cavities and other tissues.

The most popular agent with diuretic properties is the preparation "Lasix" (in ampoules). The dosage of this medication, its instructions and indications are discussed below.

Form of preparation, its packaging, composition

What components does the "Lasix" medication (in ampoules) contain? Instructions for use asserts that the main substance of this drug is furosemide. It also includes sodium chloride, water for injection and sodium hydroxide.

This medication goes on sale in the form of a solution for intravenous or intravenous administration. It is transparent and has no color.

It is produced in glass dark ampoules with a break point, which are packaged in contour cells of plastic.

Mechanism of action

How does the drug "Lasix" (in ampoules) work? Instructions for use (intramuscularly this drug should be administered only in the hospital and in special cases) claims that this is a high-speed diuretic, a derivative of sulfonamide.

This drug is able to block the transport system of ions of potassium, sodium and chlorine in the thick section of the loop of Henle. That is why the saluretic effect of this drug depends on its admission to the renal tubule.

The diuretic properties of the agent in question are related to the process of inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium chloride in this segment (the Henle loop). As for secondary effects, they include an increase in the volume of urine and the secretion of potassium in the distal parts of the renal tubules. Also, the excretion of magnesium and calcium ions is simultaneously increased.

The repeated administration of this drug does not reduce its diuretic activity. This is due to the fact that this medication is capable of interrupting the glomerular-tubular feedback.

One can not help saying that the solution "Lasix" causes stimulation (dose-dependent) angiotensin-renin-aldosterone system.

Features of the medicine

What features are characteristic for the drug "Lasix" (in ampoules)? Instructions for use asserts that with heart failure this drug reduces the load, as well as pressure in the artery (pulmonary) and filling the left ventricle. In addition, this drug has an antihypertensive effect, which is caused by a decrease in blood volume (circulating), increased sodium excretion and decreased response of the muscles (smooth) vessels to vasoconstrictor effects.

Dose-dependent sodium naresis and diuresis is observed when taking the drug at a dosage of 10-100 mg. After an intravenous effect of 20 mg, the diuretic effect is noted after ¼ hour and lasts for 180 minutes.

Long-term infusion of this agent is more effective than a repeated bolus. It should also be noted that when the dosage is exceeded, there is no significant increase in the effect in patients.

Properties of pharmacokinetic

What are the kinetic parameters of the drug "Lasix" (in ampoules)? Instruction for use indicates that the volume of distribution of the active substance of the drug is 0.1-0.2 liters per 1 kg of the patient's weight.

Furosemide binds well to proteins and is excreted unchanged through secretion in the proximal tubules.

The final half-life of this drug after intravenous infusion is about one and a half hours. The main ingredient of the drug is excreted in the mother's milk and penetrates the placental barrier.

Indications for use of the solution

At what diseases are prescribed injections "Lasix"? Instructions for use (in ampoules IM / IV) states that the indications of this drug are the following conditions:

• Edema syndrome with chronic heart failure;
• Edema syndrome with renal failure of a chronic type;
• Edema syndrome with cardiac insufficiency of an acute nature;
• Renal failure acute, including with burns and pregnancy (to support the excretion of fluid);
• Edema syndrome with various liver diseases (as an additional treatment together with aldosterone antagonists);
• Syndrome edematic with nephrotic syndrome (treatment of the underlying disease);
• Edema of the brain of the head;
• Support of forced diuresis in chemical poisoning (that is, compounds that are excreted by the kidneys unchanged);
• hypertensive crisis.

Prohibitions for the introduction of a solution

In what cases can not you enter a solution of "Lasix" (in ampoules)? Instructions for use (for children, the use of this tool is discussed separately) states that this medication is prohibited for use with:

• Pronounced hypokalemia;
• Renal failure (including anuria);
• Severe hyponatremia;
• Hepatic precoma and coma;
• Hypovolemia (with or without low blood pressure) or dehydration;
• Pregnancy;
• Sharply expressed violations of outflow of urine of any origin (including unilateral damage to the urinary tract);
• Breastfeeding;
• Hypersensitivity to the main ingredients;
• When allergic to sulfonamides.

Use with caution

In which cases with special care should I use the medicine "Lasix" (ampoules)? Instruction for use states that such administration of the drug should be at:

• For which excessive reduction in blood pressure is dangerous (for example, with stenosing lesions of the coronary or cerebral arteries);
• Arterial hypotension;
• Gout;
• Manifested or latent diabetes mellitus;
• Myocardial infarction acute (including at an increased risk of cardiogenic shock),
• Hepatorenal syndrome;
• Lupus erythematosus systemic;
• Impaired urine outflow (prostatic hyperplasia, hydronephrosis, narrowing of the urethra);
• Hypoproteinemia;
• Hearing loss;
• Diarrhea and pancreatitis;
• Arrhythmia of the ventricular;
• In premature babies.

The drug "Lasix" in ampoules: instructions for use

The prescription for the drug, according to the chosen treatment regimen, should be prescribed only by an experienced specialist. When administering this medication, it is necessary to use the smallest dosages that are sufficient to achieve the desired effect.

The drug is administered intramuscularly only in exceptional cases. As a rule, it is poured intravenously (slowly, 4 mg per minute).

In what quantity should I use a solution of "Lasix" in ampoules? The dosage of this remedy depends on the indications.

• The syndrome is edematic with a heart failure of a chronic nature.

The initial dose for this condition should be 20-80 mg per day. As a rule, it is selected depending on the diuretic response. With this diagnosis, the daily dosage of the drug is divided into three times.

• The syndrome is edematic with heart failure of an acute nature.

The initial dose in this condition is 20-40 mg. If required, it can be adjusted.

• The syndrome is edematic with renal failure chronic.

Such patients require a careful dose selection. It is increased gradually, so that fluid loss occurs smoothly.

• Renal failure of an acute type (in order to support the excretion of fluid).

Before the beginning of therapy, arterial hypotension and hypovolemia should be eliminated, as well as violations of the acid-base and electrolyte state. The initial intravenous dose with this disease is 40 mg.

• Edema in nephrotic syndrome.

With this condition, the initial dose of the drug leaves 20-40 mg per day. As a rule, it is selected based on a diuretic response.

• The syndrome is edematic in liver diseases.

In this case, the drug is prescribed as a kind of supplement to the treatment with aldosterone antagonists.

• Edema of the brain, hypertensive crisis.

As with such diseases, you should enter a solution of "Lasix" (in ampoules)? Instructions for use asserts that the initial dose of the drug for these conditions should be 20-40 mg (via bolus intravenous administration). Depending on the effect, the dose can be adjusted.

• Support for forced diuresis in chemical poisoning.

This medication is prescribed after intravenous infusion of electrolyte solutions. The initial dosage in this case is 20-40 mg. During treatment, it is necessary to control, and also to restore the loss of fluid.

Side effects

Does the solution "Lasix" (in ampoules) cause negative effects? Instruction for use reports the following side effects:

• Hypochloremia, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia;
• Dehydration, hypovolemia;
• Depression of blood pressure, a feeling of pressure in the head, dizziness, visual disturbances, headache, tachycardia, drowsiness, collapse, weakness, dry mouth;
• Increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as levels of urea in the blood and creatinine;
• A decrease in glucose tolerance, interstitial nephritis;
• Nausea, paresthesia, vomiting, diarrhea, intrahepatic cholestasis, acute pancreatitis, nephrocalcinosis in premature babies;
• Hearing damage, urticaria, tinnitus, pruritus, exfoliative dermatitis, rash or bullous lesions of the skin, polymorphic erythema, fever, purpura, photosensitivity, vasculitis;
• Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, eosinophilia;
• Agranulocytosis, deposition of calcium salts in the kidney, aplastic anemia;
• Pain in the injection site.

When to see a doctor?

Now you know what side effects can cause a solution of "Lasix" (in ampoules). Instructions for use (in children and adults, this drug contributes to the development of the same effects) argues that changes in the blood picture, as well as severe skin allergic or anaphylactic reactions can threaten the lives of patients. Therefore, for any adverse effects, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Precautionary measures

What should I know before using the solution "Lasix" (in ampoules)? Instructions for use (for cats this tool is not suitable and pets are not prescribed) states that before the start of therapy, it is necessary to exclude the presence of severe disorders in the outflow of urine.

In the process of treatment, it is advisable to eat food that is rich in potassium. Otherwise, it is necessary to take potassium-sparing funds.

Some side effects can disrupt the ability of a person to concentrate, which is extremely dangerous when working with complex mechanisms and driving.