Large fruited cherry: description, growing conditions

The size of the cherry fruit is not so great in comparison with other stone fruit relatives. But there is a variety that stands out with rather impressive sizes of berries. Its name is correspondingly large-fruited.

History of the variety

Long and laborious work of Ukrainian breeders preceded the appearance of this new variety. The basis was laid positive qualities of sweet cherry Napoleon white, for pollination of which mixed pollen was used from such varieties as Valery Chkalov, Zhabule, Elton. In 1983, the variety of cherry large-fruited was included in the Ukrainian plant registry. Large fruits and high yields soon made it popular almost throughout southern Russia.

Description of the plant

This kind of cherry is a straight tree up to 10 meters high with a light bark and branches covered with long elliptical leaves. The crown of medium density is spherical. Cherry bloom begins in early April and looks fascinating. The branches are almost completely covered with small flowers, turning the tree into a white ball. Flowers are collected in umbrellas with a lot of stamens and have, as a rule, 5 petals and sepals. The tree grows very quickly in comparison with other varieties and begins to harvest from the age of four. Annually yields not less than 45 kg of excellent fruits for the season of sweet cherry Large-fruited.

Description of fruits

From the middle of June their maturation begins. Quite large in size (weighing up to 12 g), fruits have a different shape, but more often closer to the dull-hearted with a pointed tip. Thin, shiny skin is very firm, has a red color, which becomes darker as it matures, eventually almost black. Pulp of the same color, juicy and sweet, with a bitter taste, its quality depends largely on the conditions in which the cherry grows large-fruited. The stone is large, easily separated from the pulp.

Fruits are located on a thick peduncle, placed in a small funnel. They are tied, as a rule, in pairs, in rare cases by triplets. Their ripening lasts a little longer than in other varieties.

Peculiarities of growing

Large-fruited cherry belongs to those plants for which care is of no small importance. Providing good conditions, you can get a real tree-longevity.

To the soil, the plant does not make any special demands. Can do without regular application of fertilizers. But it grows particularly well on non-saline chernozems, the alluvial soils of river valleys. More important is a good illumination, because in the shadow of a very small growing large fruited cherry. The description of the plant indicates a fairly low ability of the root system to regenerate, so it is necessary to treat the soil gently, venturing no more than 15 cm.

The fertilizing of the plant should be done moderately, otherwise overfeeding is possible, as a result of which growth is intensified, and this can lead to the formation of fragile wood.

Place for planting

Great value for high-grade development of such plant, as large-fruited sweet cherry, has correctly chosen and arranged place for planting. This variety prefers sites that are well illuminated by the sun, located on a hill. Well, if there is a fence next to it or some structure, it helps to accumulate snow in winter and create a more comfortable microclimate. It is not recommended to plant cherries in areas with a close groundwater table.

In autumn, before planting, thoroughly dig the soil to a depth of at least 30 cm, adding organic fertilizer (manure, humus) to it at the rate of 10 kg per square meter and mineral (200 g superphosphate and 100 g potash). They must be thoroughly mixed with the ground.

If the soils are heavy loamy, liming is carried out (500-600 g of lime per square meter). The cherry pit is prepared two weeks before planting.

Watering and top dressing

To obtain high and high quality yield, soil moisture is of great importance. Sufficient watering for a young tree - 25-40 liters per procedure with a break in one month. When the large-fruited cherry begins to bear fruit, the amount of water in watering increases to 50-60 liters. If the summer is rainy, the plant can do without this procedure altogether, but in the dry season it should be watered up to 4 times a month.

Large fruited cherries do not need a lot of fertilizers. Contributed during the planting of a young tree, feeding is quite sufficient for the first 3-4 years, before the onset of the fruiting phase. Sometimes urea is used during this period, which contributes to the improvement of plant growth. In 2 years after planting, you can make a small amount of ammonium and ammonium, but not more than 25 grams per 1 square meter. The most safe fertilizer, which positively affects both the growth of the tree and the formation of fruits, is manure. It is enough to make it only once every three years.

Cherry variety Large-fruited is highly resistant to diseases, it is not terrible and insect pests. Therefore, sprinkle the tree with various chemical preparations only if there is an urgent need, for example, when there is a risk of contamination of the plant from other varieties of sweet cherries located in the neighborhood.

Cherry is famous not only for its large fruits and excellent taste qualities. In its composition there is a huge amount of useful substances that have beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases, problems of the gastrointestinal tract. It is very useful for people suffering from allergies, cherry large-fruited.

The description of the variety of this plant will allow us to understand how to create the necessary conditions for growing it in a home garden.