King of Norway: history and modernity

The history of Norway is complex and contradictory. In particular, the country gained its independence only in 1905, and until then the kings of Norway were the rulers of neighboring Sweden.

The formation of the Norwegian kingdom began at the end of the IX century. Until the 14th century, Norway was the leading state in northern Europe, until it became dependent on Denmark. In the XV-XVI centuries the title of King of Norway automatically passed to the Danish king from the Oldenburg dynasty. Gradually, the name "King of Norway" became a tribute to the historical tradition. The end of this was the defeat of the Danish King Frederick VI in the war with Sweden in 1814 and according to the Treaty of Kiel Norway moves to Sweden.

But, refusing to fulfill this condition, the Swedish people rose to fight, defending the country's independence. The national liberation revolution ended in February 1841, and the provisional government proclaimed the country's independence. The King of Norway becomes Christian Frederick, crown prince of Denmark. From a powerless kingdom, Norway becomes a constitutional monarchy. The King of Norway becomes commander-in-chief of all the country's military forces, both land and sea, as well as the head of the Lutheran church. He could issue and repeal decrees concerning trade, taxes, industry, police and so on, so long as they do not contradict the laws and the constitution of Norway.

No power recognized Christian Frederic as king, so his reign was short-lived - just one summer. In addition, Sweden had views of Norway and introduced its troops into the country. However, this war lasted only a few days and ended with the Swedish-Norwegian Unity, according to which Swedish King Charles XIII is elected King of Norway. And until 1905, only kings of Sweden became kings of Norway, the last of which was Oscar II.

Meanwhile, Duke Ostrogoth, Oscar II Friedrich was a very educated and visionary man. He studied, while still a prince, a naval affair, after which he made many sea voyages, and after that also attended classes at the university in Uppsala. By the way, the prince always engaged in naval work with great love and interest. He even often read reports on this subject in the Swedish military society. Another of his favorite pastimes was the history of Sweden, which resulted in the study of several books published by him, of which his studies of Charles XII, published in Stockholm in 1868, are of particular importance.

But that's not all. Prince Oscar Friedrich was a poet, translator and literary critic. The collection of the works of the sovereign was published in 1875 - 1890 in Stockholm. Many of his works were translated into other languages. There are also Russian translations. Interesting among the works of the monarch are the brilliant translations of Goethe and Tasso. In Russian, some of his works were translated by Golovin and Koreeman.

The significance of the Oscar rule in the history of Norway is very significant, despite the not too long period of his reign - about thirteen years. But still in 1905 the Swedish union was ruptured and the country once again becomes independent. Krol Oscar II was forced to transfer his powers to the government. Until 1991, the country ruled by King Haakon VII. After his death, the throne goes to his son Harald V. His Majesty King of Norway Harald V was the first prince born in Norway for the last 567 years. Before the adoption of the throne, Harald V married Sonia Haraldsen, who becomes the queen of Norway. Finally, Norway almost 600 years later gets its king and queen.

Now King Harold V is the head of state. He is also the head of the executive branch. Legislative organ of Norway traditionally remains the Storting - a bicameral parliament.