In Indonesia: History

The abolition of the system of compulsory cultures opened the possibility of penetration into Indonesia not only of Dutch private capital, but of the capital of other European powers as well as the United States. With the opening of the Suez Canal, interest in Indonesia from these powers has increased many times. Foreign capital rushed not only to Java, but also to other areas of Indonesia, especially those where the Dutch domination was not consolidated and where, therefore, the opportunity to pass Dutch control was opened. English capital was particularly active.

The British bourgeoisie preferred to see Holland, weak in military terms, as the owner of the Indonesian islands. Meanwhile, American penetration into Hawaii and Samoa, as well as the islands of the Indonesian archipelago became a real threat.

Especially undesirable for England would be the strengthening of a rival in the independent principalities of Sumatra. England did not prevent the spread of Dutch domination throughout Sumatra, including the principality of Ace. At the initiative of England, negotiations were begun, culminating in the signing at the end of 1870 of the so-called Sumatra Treaty. England uttered equal rights for its subjects with the Dutch. The Dutch have subordinated to themselves a significant number of principalities formerly subordinated to the Sultanate of Ace. Aliens in Indonesia: History ...

The sultans, deprived of tribute from principalities, increased taxes and levies from the population, which caused the growth of popular discontent. Some feudal lords tried to orient themselves to other powers. The emissaries of Ace "in Singapore through the consuls of the European powers and the United States expected to achieve agreements aimed against Holland, promising various privileges and privileges for it. The US Consul in Singapore concluded a secret agreement with representatives of the principalities, suggesting that Ace should become an American protectorate. This accelerated the Dutch aspirations to impose an unequal treaty on the Sultanate. Sultan Ace rejected their ultimatum demands.

It began one of the longest and bloodiest wars that the Dutch had ever waged in Indonesia. In 1873 the Dutch landing landed near the capital Ace, but the conquerors came across courageous resistance. Each building of the capital they had to take in battle, during the siege of the fortified mosque the commander of the Dutch forces was killed. The first attempt of conquerors to conquer the country was reflected.

In the same year, the Dutch repeated the attack, sending a larger expedition to Ace, which this time managed to take the capital. In early 1874, the conquerors announced the annexation of Ace to the Dutch possessions. The people, under the leadership of their leaders and Muslim preachers, continued their stubborn resistance.

Foreigners in Indonesia: History