How to make own heat exchangers? How to repair heat exchangers?

What is a heat exchanger? This is an ordinary battery, which is used in almost every heating system in industry and at home. The very word "heat exchanger" indicates that in this device heat is released (that is, exchange) from the hot carrier to the cold one.

a brief description of

It should be noted that the battery can be filled not only with water, but also with high-temperature gas and even air-water mixture. Thus, a heat exchanger is a device that does not have its source of heating. However, the battery is capable of extracting heat from external heaters. That is, if it is a fireplace with a heat exchanger, then this part takes heat from the first mechanism. This happens in every heating system, and it does not matter which heating source it uses - a gas, wood-burning boiler or the same fireplace.

Varieties

All heat exchangers are conditionally divided into 2 groups:

• Mixing;
• Superficial.

The main difference between these devices lies in the method of heat transfer. For example, on surface heat exchangers, the heating of water takes place directly through the plates. In this case, the coolants do not contact each other.

Also worth noting is the spiral type of devices. How to make spiral-type heat exchangers by our own hands, we'll look a little lower, but for now a few words about the field of their application. This element is used almost everywhere: in the food, chemical, oil and even pharmaceutical industries. So widely used spiral device because it is capable of effecting effective heat exchange in the shortest possible time.

How to make a heat exchanger by yourself? We prepare materials and tools

In the course of the work you will need the following elements:

• Capacity of approximately 90-100 liters;
• A copper tube not less than 400 centimeters long (it will serve as a thermoelectric heater);
• anode;
• The device by means of which the heat supply will be regulated - the power regulator.

What to do with all these details?

First, let's look at the capacity. As it can use a conventional plastic tank, but it will longer heat the room. Therefore, it is best to select a metal container. This tank should be installed next to the The start of the heating battery. In this tank, you need to do two outputs. One of them is the upper one, which will be used to remove hot water. The second one is the lower one. It will serve to supply cold water from the pipes of the heating system. In no case do not change the location of these parts. By the way, the second output should be done in the lowest part of the tank, since it is there that the water with the lowest temperature will flow. Thus, the rate of heat transfer depends on the correct placement of the outputs on the vessel. If everything is done correctly, the room will be heated to normal temperature in a few minutes.

How to continue to do their own heat exchangers? After making holes, you need to hermetically seal each of them. This is done so that the air that will go there does not take away some of the temperature from the battery, which is required for efficient heating of the premises.

What about the tube?

Here it is best to use copper devices. It is such a tube that can easily bend and at the same time produce good heat outward. Cut this part and solder should not be. It is enough simply to bend it into the shape of a spiral. So you will have a primitive coil. Next, this copper spiral should be placed in the tank. After that, lead the ends of the tube out and fix it. Attach the threaded fitting to the end of the part. Everything, the coil in the heat exchanger has been successfully made.

How to make own heat exchangers, if at hand was not a piece of copper pipe?

Alternatively, instead of a copper pipe, you can use absolutely any tube that bends easily. It can be aluminum or metal. By their properties and heat transfer, they are almost inferior to copper analogs - they bend well, and they do not take heat away from themselves.

What materials should not be used?

When making such an element as a coil, do not use steel products. Due to its heat transfer, steel is not the best material for the design of heat exchangers. Unlike it, copper is 7 times faster than air and very easily bends. In the case of steel parts, you will have to use a special pipe bender.

What to do with the power regulator?

It should be connected to a copper pipe. Such devices are sold in almost any store and are worth a penny, so do it yourself we will not. It is also worth noting that along with the usual regulators you can be offered tools directly with a heating element. Since the latter can be completely done by one's own hands, it is not necessary to acquire such devices. Although the trouble with them will be much less. By the way, regulators with an integrated heating element are no more than those with which this part is absent in the design. However, the final choice is yours.

Is it necessary to install a power controller?

Although without it the system will be in good order, yet this element is worth buying. After all, thanks to the power regulator, it is much quicker to connect the heating device to the network. In addition, this element can significantly save energy costs. And most importantly - with the help of a power regulator, you will be able to set the heat exchanger heating "to your liking", and not as it will. And it is installed quite simply: first the thermostat is connected to the terminals of the instrument, and then the power wires.

Anode

We need it to protect the steel tank from premature wear, which is caused by constant temperature and pressure changes. Everything, the water heat exchanger is almost ready for use. It remains only to hermetically close all the elements and fill the tank with water. As you can see, heat exchangers make it simple enough.

What characteristics should the tools have?

If your goal is to make a heat exchanger for a boiler or a heat point, it's best to focus on the choice of plate-type dismountable devices or make them yourself with the help of the drawing. The heat exchanger layout is shown in the photo below:

Why exactly plate-type dismounting devices? The fact is that the liquid (in this case it is water) in the heat and water networks does not have particularly good qualities, which can lead to the formation of scale and other serious deposits in the system. By the way, repair of heat exchangers is precisely in cleaning the channels from such substances. Also in repair "kalachi" and cracks in holes (if necessary) are changed.

Of course, the design of such heat exchangers does not allow to reduce the level of scale formation to zero. But then what are their advantages? Their main advantage is simple disassembly. The design of plate-type heat exchangers is so simple that you can clean the scales almost every day. Thus, the repair of heat exchangers of a collapsible type is carried out as soon as possible. Here it should be noted another advantage - the maintainability of the device, because you can replace the plates in it without the use of special equipment and tools.