How is the E. coli transmitted from person to person?

Do you know how the E. coli is transmitted? If you do not know the answer to this question, then we will present it in the materials of this article. Also, it will examine the characteristics of the said bacteria, the diseases it causes, and their main symptoms.

basic information

Before you tell us about the transmission of E. coli, you should tell us what this bacterium is.

The intestinal rod is called the kind of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, which is widely distributed in the lower part of the intestines of humans and warm-blooded animals.

Most of the strains of this microorganism are harmless. However, in some cases, the bacterium under consideration can cause severe food poisoning.

Harmless strains of Escherichia coli are part of the normal intestinal microflora. Such a bacterium brings tremendous benefit to the host organism. At the same time, it synthesizes vitamin K and prevents the development of various pathogenic microorganisms in the intestine.

Features of bacteria

The E. coli is transmitted from person to person. This is an indisputable fact. It should be specially noted that this bacterium can live not only in the digestive tract. According to experts, it can survive in the environment for some time. In addition, bacteria of this type can be easily grown even under laboratory conditions. In this regard, E. coli plays a huge role in various genetic studies.

Scientists claim that the microorganism under consideration is one of the most studied and important objects in microbiology and biotechnology.

About what it is, and how the E. coli is transmitted, it was described as early as 1885 by the German bacteriologist and pediatrician Theodor Escherich. Today, this bacterium is referred to the genus Escherichia and the family of enterobacteria.

Characteristics of the microorganism

Few people know, but the E. coli is transmitted from person to person. Where does this bacterium come from? Eshirekhia is the main aerobic flora of the human intestine. It looks like a straight sticks with rounded ends. Under the microscope, the localization of individual specimens or the arranged pairs is well visualized on the swabs taken.

The optimum temperature for the development of this microorganism is the following value: 37 degrees. After the fermentation of enzymes, this bacterium decomposes carbohydrates into acid and gas.

The E. coli grows well on simple nutrient media. With its pathological development, it can cause a person a variety of diseases, which are often called escherichiosis.

In some people, the very fact of the presence of the bacterium in the body is alarming. It is these patients who are interested in whether the E. coli is transmitted sexually. Experts argue that the presence of such a microorganism in the intestine is not pathological. After all, it takes part in the fight against various pathogens that enter one way or another in the digestive tract, and also promotes the best metabolism of the digestive process and the development of human immunity.

Reproduction of wand

Is the E. coli transmitted through a kiss? Such contact very rarely contributes to the infection of a healthy person.

How does the bacterium multiply? Microbial populations in the human body have the ability to self-regulate, thereby ensuring their ecological balance. In this case, any adverse effects can cause a reaction of microflora, as a result of which not only its quantity but also its quality changes. This contributes to the imbalance in the human body. As a result of such reactions, the enzymatic system of bacteria is capable of cloning similar but more aggressive strains of bacillus, which, in fact, cause various infectious pathologies called escherichiosis. So, in the intestine can develop enteritis, colitis, secretory diarrhea. The lesions of the mucous organs of the digestive tract, inflammation in the peritoneum and spinal cord, pulmonary pathologies, urethral diseases, and so on can begin.

Causes of development

Can an E. coli be transmitted from a partner? Of course, he can. After all, the main cause of human infection is the violation of hygiene norms. Also this bacterium can be transmitted in another way. Experts argue that there are 2 types of transmission of such an infection:

• Water . It is based on the introduction of bacteria into the human body in the process of using it unboiled and substandard water.
• Almentary . It is caused by eating contaminated food.

As you know, in the process of eating poor-quality food, a person can have serious cases of poisoning. By the way, such pathological phenomenon can be noted not only as a result of penetration into the digestive tract of an aggressive strain of Escherichia coli, but also the products of its decay. Thus, food, contaminated with toxins, is a kind of poison for the animal and human body.

Violation of hygiene standards

Is the E. coli transmitted sexually? Experts answer this question in the affirmative. At the same time, they note that when taking a smear from the vagina, a rod-shaped bacterium is very often found in a woman. As a result, bacterial vaginosis is diagnosed. This pathological condition is manifested by vaginal discharge of dark color, which have a specific odor. This is a direct path to the development of a fungal disease - candidiasis. In this case, we can safely say that the E. coli is transmitted sexually.

Why develop such a disease? Most often this is facilitated by wearing dirty underwear, improper hygiene of the genitals, the use of poor-quality toilet paper and so on.

It should also be noted that for the same reasons, the representatives of the weaker sex develop urethral inflammatory processes. This disease occurs if the E. coli enters the urinary tract. It can happen in the process of love contact. Therefore, the question of whether the E. coli is transmitted sexually, many urologists answer in the affirmative.

When the bacterium is localized in the bladder cavity, a strong inflammatory process develops in the patients. In this case, the upper epithelial layer of the organ is damaged. There are intolerable pain, a burning sensation and frequent urge to urinate.

The main symptoms of pathological reproduction of bacteria

Finding out whether the E. coli is transmitted through a love contact, it should be concluded that the presence of such pathology requires the mandatory use of contraceptives.

What are the symptoms of pathological reproduction of the bacterium under consideration? The latent period of infection with this microorganism can last about a week. During this time, the first symptoms may not appear. In the future, a person is able to observe such pronounced signs as:

• Vomiting of green color;
• Upset stomach in the form of severe diarrhea;
• Fever and hyperthermia;
• Periodic nausea and weakness;
• A violation of appetite, as well as the appearance of pulling pain in the abdomen.

With self-cleaning of the intestine, such clinical manifestations may disappear after a few days.

It should be specially noted that infection with the E. coli of adult patients does not require emergency intervention. As for small children, if they suspect a colitis infection, urgent medical attention is needed, since the presence of an Escherichia in toddlers is a mortal danger.

Types of Escherichia coli

Is the Escherichia coli airborne? There are such cases, but they are very rare.

Experts argue that the mechanism of action, as well as the transmission of the bacterium in question, depends on one or another of the coliforms. In this case, one rod can be found in the body of an animal or human without any consequences, while others (for example, more aggressive ones) often cause a chronic or acute form of diarrhea.

So what kinds of Escherichia coli exist? Intestinal infection can cause five kinds of coli:

• Enterotoxigenic rod. It is formed due to the release of enterotoxins by a huge number of bacteria that have attached their villi to epithelial tissue located in the lower parts of the small intestine. Such bacteria form large colonies. The presence of enterotoxigenic rod is manifested by gastroenteritis, vomiting and secretory diarrhea.
• Enteropathogenic appearance. Such a bacterium very often causes the development of gastroenteritis in children. After its entry into the upper layer of the small intestine, not only its epithelium and villi are destroyed, but also the processes of absorption of liquid and other nutrient enzymes are disrupted. A similar pathology is manifested by a severe intestinal disorder, which lasts more than 2 weeks.
• Enteroinvazivny view, characterized by watery and abundant diarrhea, as well as bloody stool and intestinal pain. In the presence of such a bacterium in children, electrolyte balance is disturbed, which often leads to dehydration.
• Hemolytic infection is the most serious type of infection, which acts depressingly on the motor functions of the intestine and stomach, up to the paralysis of the muscles of the said organs. Such a stick very quickly destroys the mucosa of the large intestine, contributing to the development of diarrhea with blood.
• Enterohemorrhagic escherichia. Such a microorganism rather quickly penetrates into the epithelial cells, causing their death and provoking the development of renal pathologies and hemorrhagic colitis.

Diseases that cause E. coli

The E. coli is transmitted by airborne droplets only in some cases. Most often, the transmission of such infection is through direct contact with an infected person or animal, as well as during the consumption of poor-quality food or liquid.

What diseases can a given bacterium cause? In fact, E. coli contributes to the development of many different diseases. Consider them right now.

• Urethral infectious diseases. Penetrating into the urethra and bladder, the bacteria in question begin to multiply actively on the transitional part of the epithelium. This phenomenon is facilitated by physiological or anatomical abnormalities that prevent the normal release of urine. Up to one year, among boys, this disease affects boys. At the same time at pubertal age, this infection is most often affected by girls.

The development of urethral infectious diseases in women is associated with the onset of sexual activity. Thus, the provoking factors of such diseases are the violation of personal hygiene measures, as well as the use of contraceptive contraceptives.

• E. coli in the blood. This penetration of the bacterium causes the development of bacteremia. How is the E. coli transmitted in this case? Such infection can occur due to the invasion of a harmful microorganism and its entry into the bloodstream through the walls of the intestine, as well as through the respiratory system, lymphoid tissue, with the removal of teeth and other operations.

It should also be noted that the causative agent of infectious diseases is able to penetrate into the bloodstream of a person through scratches and wounds on the skin, as well as on the inner mucous layer. Clinical manifestations of such pathology in newborn babies are expressed by psychopathological disorders, a violation of the thermoregulation system, the manifestation of respiratory failure, vomiting, stopping breathing in sleep, diarrhea, sleep disorder, jaundice, changes or increase in liver tissue. As for adult patients, the bacteremia in them is manifested by violation of diuresis, arterial hypotension and convulsions.

• Inflammatory processes occurring in the spinal cord. Few people know, but E. coli very often causes the development of meningitis in newborn babies (mainly in boys born with low weight).

Clinical symptoms of this pathology are expressed by the manifestation of fever, drowsiness and vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea, and residual neurological disorders.

Treatment and diagnosis of E. coli

Is the E. coli transmitted through breast milk? Experts argue that the mother's milk does not enter the mother's milk. However, during breastfeeding, a child can still become infected with coli-infection if bacterial strains are present on the mammary glands.

How is the disease diagnosed? The presence of E. coli in the human body is confirmed in the process of bacteriological study of vomiting, feces or mucous discharge. As for the blood test, it confirms or, conversely, disproves the development of sepsis.

After bacteriological inoculation, specialists are required to compose an individual treatment regimen of E. coli, which includes antimicrobial agents and antibiotics. Also, prophylaxis is carried out taking into account the probable development of dysbiosis. In addition, the patient is assigned sorbents and a solution of "Regidron".