History of the development of computer technology

The very first computing devices were the human fingers. When this money was not enough, the stones, sticks, shells were used. By stacking such a set in dozens, and then in hundreds, the person learned to count and use the means of measuring numbers. It was with pebbles and shells that the history of the development of computer technology began. Expanding them on different columns (bits) and adding or removing the right amount of pebbles, it was possible to add and subtract large numbers. With multiple addition, it was possible to perform even such a complex action as multiplication.

Then the history of the development of computer facilities begins . The first means to calculate became the invented in Russia accounts. In them numbers were broken into dozens with the help of horizontal guides with bones. They became an indispensable assistant to traders, officials, clerks and managers. These people knew how to use accounts simply virtuously. In the future such an essential device penetrated into Europe.

The very first mechanical device for counting, which knows the history of the development of computer technology, was a calculating machine, which in 1642 was built by an outstanding French scientist Blaise Pascal. His mechanical "computer" could produce such actions as addition and subtraction. This car was called "Pascalina" and consisted of a whole complex in which the wheels with numbers from 0 to 9 were placed vertically. The wheel, at full speed, clutched the neighboring wheel and turned it to one digit. The number of wheels determined the number of bits of the computer. If it installed five wheels, it could already carry out operations with huge numbers up to 99999.

Then in 1673 the German mathematician Leibniz created a device that could not only subtract and fold, but also divide and multiply. Unlike the Pascal machine, the wheels were notched and had nine different tooth lengths, which provided such incredibly "complex" actions as multiplication and division. The history of the development of computer technology knows many names, but one name is known even to non-specialists. This is the English mathematician Charles Babbage. He is deservedly called the father of all modern computer technology. It is he who owns the idea that a computer needs a device that will store numbers. And this device should not only store numbers, but also give instructions to the computer, what it should do with these numbers.

The idea of Babbage was the basis for the design and development of all modern computers. Such a block in a computer is called a processor. However, the scientist did not leave any drawings and descriptions of the machine he invented. This was done by one of his students in his article, which he wrote in French. The article was read by the Countess Ada Augusta Lovelace, the daughter of the famous poet George Byron, who translated it into English and developed her own programs for this machine. Thanks to her history of the development of computer technology has received one of the most advanced programming languages - ADA.

The twentieth century gave a new impetus to the development of computer technology associated with electricity. An electronic device was invented that memorized electrical signals - a lamp trigger. The first computers created with it could count thousands of times faster than the most sophisticated mechanical computers, but they were still very cumbersome. The first computers weighed about 30 tons and occupied a room larger than 100 square meters. Meters. Further development of computers was achieved with the advent of an extremely important invention - a transistor. Well and modern means of computer facilities are inconceivable without application of the microprocessor - the difficult integrated microcircuit developed in June, 1971. This is a brief history of the development of computer technology. Modern achievements of science and technology have raised the level of modern computers to an unprecedented height.