Hepatic test.

Hepatic test - evaluation of liver status. A fairly large number of laboratory tests to date can be attributed to hepatic tests, and they all characterize the liver and possible pathological processes in it.

Normal indicators of liver function:

• Total protein - 65-85 g / l;
• Creatinine 55-115 μmol / l;
• Cholesterol - 3.5-5.2 mmol / l;
• Lipoproteins - 35-55 units;
• Cholesterol - 1.4-1.6 mmol / l;
• Coefficient of atherogenicity up to 4;
• ALT - 8-56 E / L;
• AST 5-40 E / L;
• Alkaline phosphatase 45-140 E / L;
• Bilirubin total - 8.55-20.52 Mkmol / l:

- bound - 2.4-5.13 Mkmol / l,

- free - 6.41-15.39 Mkmol / l.

• C-reactive protein - negative.

If any hepatic pathology is suspected, biochemical blood test with determination of the level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase is almost immediately assigned, and in practice they are called shortly ALT and AST. Alkaline phosphate, bilirubin with all its fractions, gamma glutamyltransferase and plasma proteins are also important indicators of liver and gallbladder functioning.

It should be understood that an elevated liver test does not always indicate a pathology. In practice, very often failures occur in the operation of the equipment or disturbances in the patient, so all liver samples must be repeated to clarify the result and monitor the dynamics of the process.

To hepatic tests also include: the determination of the antigenic composition for the detection of certain viral diseases, as well as the determination of the concentration of alpha1-antitrypsin. However, they can not be called often used, because their use is expensive and not very informative.

The liver test does not always reflect the condition of the liver at the moment, because in some situations, the transferred diseases also postpone their imprint on the laboratory data.

If we talk about the objectivity of research, the true hepatic tests that best reflect the liver's ability to exercise its most important function-detoxification of the whole organism-are best "told" about the liver's functioning.

These indicators include the level of albumin. When it decreases, the liver no longer works at full strength, which means that the body becomes contaminated by its own waste. This enzyme is very sensitive to the quality of food, and is also closely related to the work of the kidneys. Therefore 100% of objective result after carrying out of the given sample to receive it will not be possible.

Hepatic test is also a determination of the ability of the liver to form factors for blood clotting. The essence of this sample is the determination of the prothromin time, which is closely related to vitamin K. That is why, if after the administration of 10 mg of vitamin, the prothrombin index does not change, hence the liver function is disrupted.

As mentioned above, a specific screening of the hepatic pathology is the determination of the level of serum transaminases - ALT and AST. This liver test is used to detect a violation of catalyzing reactions in the liver. However, the indicators of this test can affect many factors (temperature, taking any medications, hormonal and enzymatic status) - this must also be taken into account when making a diagnosis.

The determination of the level of bilirubin and its fractions allows us not to resort to unnecessary cholecystectomy and put the right diagnosis.

Also in practice, specific tests are used to identify metabolic disorders in patients.

Autoimmune markers are used as hepatic samples only if the patient has symptoms of an autoimmune disease, to confirm or exclude a diagnosis.

In conclusion, it should be noted that liver function is used as a control of liver function. The norm of all indicators can fluctuate at the level of the lower and upper limits. If the excess or decrease in the level of the indicator reaches a side-altar above two norms, then a further examination of the patients is necessary.