Gabrilovich Evgeny Iosifovich: biography and personal life

In the history of Russian cinema, the name is permanently inscribed - Eugene Gabrilovich. The personal life and biography of the writer are gradually being forgotten. His contemporaries leave, the films lose relevance and are revised more often only by specialists. And meanwhile, Gabrilovich is a whole epoch. His life and work are not only an example of great talent, but also an illustration to the history of the country.

Childhood and family

Gabrilovich Evgeny was born on September 29, 1899 in the traditional family of Russian Jews in Voronezh. The father of the boy was an apothecary, my mother was engaged in housekeeping. Early life, Zhenya spent in Voronezh. The times were not easy, revolutionary ideas were everywhere, the Jewish people became uncomfortable in the outback. However, Gabrilovichi stood firm. As a child, Eugene, as is customary in such families, taught music, he persevered in playing the piano for several years. First, the boy was given a home education, and then sent to a real school. But Gabrilovich Eugene did not have time to finish his studies there: the family moved to Moscow, hoping to find a better life there. Here the boy was sent to study at a private gymnasium, which he quite successfully graduated from. And I entered the law faculty of Moscow University. But the end of studies was prevented by revolutionary changes in the country.

Music

In the early 20-ies Gabrilovich Eugene remembered what he was taught in a music school, and went to work as a tamer. Then he learned how to play the fox trotters on the piano and moonlight on dancing. Here it was found by Valentin Parnakh - the first jazzman on the Russian expanses. He invited Evgeny to his jazz orchestra. October 1, 1922 the first concert of the new collective was held, now Russian jazz celebrates its birth on this day. Three times the performance of the orchestra at the State Institute of Theatrical Art gathered Moscow's bohemia, including V.E. Meyerhold, who was completely fascinated by the new music and immediately offered a jazz band for his performance. After a while, in the famous performances of Meyerhold's studio "DE" and "The Magnanimous Cuckold", the orchestra was started under the direction of V. Parnakh, which included the young Gabrilovich. The 20s of the 20th century were a time of rapid development of art and a variety of creative experiments. Every representative of the creative intelligentsia felt talented in various kinds of art, all were musicians, poets, artists.

The beginning of the writer's career

Gabrilovich Eugene also decided to try himself on a new field - on literary. He begins his writings with prose and journalism. At first he tried himself in the genre of parodies, which he wrote together with Alexander of Arkhangelsk. Gabrilovich joins the ranks of the Literary Center of Constructivists. In 1921 Yevgeny's first story "AAT" was published in the collective edition "Expressionists". Also young Gabrilovich was a member of the literary community "Moscow Parnas", he took part in the publication of two collections of this group. In 1922, in co-authorship with B. Lapin, Gabrilovich publishes the book "Molnjanin", and a year later - a joint book "The Island of Friendship" together with G. Gozner. By the beginning of the 1930s Gabrilovich had already become a notable prose writer and journalist, in 1931 he published his first independent book. In 1934 he became a member of the Writers' Union. In the same year, Eugene is a member of the team of writers who went on a creative business trip to build the White Sea-Baltic Canal. As a result of the trip, a collective book was published, in the creation of which Gabrilovich also took part.

New vocation

Two good reasons led to the fact that Gabriovich Evgeny Iosifovich switched his creative attention to work in the cinema. The first is romantic: a sound film has appeared, which opened up huge opportunities for the authors. Eugene was passionately fascinated by the cinema and saw the future for him. The second is practical: writers' work did not bring almost any income, and Gabrilovich needed means of subsistence, he hoped to earn them in the cinema. The first two scenarios temporarily destroyed the writer's hopes, the film studio did not accept them, and Evgeny temporarily postponed the idea of becoming a professional film-maker. He engaged in journalism, but his thoughts about the movie did not leave him.

Once, on the instructions of the newspaper, he went to Odessa, where he saw a girl in shoes in thick soles, with a large briefcase, which she held to her and was very suspicious about something. This image did not come from Gabrilovich's head. Upon his return to Moscow, he told his idea to Yu. Reizman and they together began writing the script. As a result, in 1936 came the film "Last Night", which was a success, and the creative tandem of Raizman-Gabrilovich appeared, which lasted for many years. The second film of the duet "Mashenka" was born for a long time, it was a real creative breakthrough in the field of chamber cinema. Criticism met him unkindly, but he liked Stalin.

Years of War

Evgeny Gabrilovich was full of creative plans, which had to be postponed in connection with the Second World War that had begun. All the war, Gabrilovich was a military correspondent. He was in the hottest battles and wrote about everything he saw for the Soviet newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda. In 1943 the film "Mashenka" received the Stalin Prize. Gabrilovich lists it in the Defense Fund, for which he receives personal gratitude from JV Stalin. During the war, Eugene participates in the work on the films "Our Heart", together with M. Romm, works on the picture "Man No. 217". Back in 1942, before sending to the front, he wrote the script for the film "Two Fighter", on returning from the battlefield, he learned that the tape was a real hit.

Writer's Way

After the war, Yevgeny Gabrilovich returns to writing scripts. Together with Rayzman, they continued their search in the field of chamber cinema. A real masterpiece of Soviet cinema was the 1957 film "Communist". A great role in the life of the writer was played by Leniniana, Gabrilovich became the first screenwriter, who was interested not only in the leader, but in the man. Gabrilovich Evgeny Iosifovich wrote 4 scenarios for the films about Lenin.

But in his creative box there are not only films on the theme of the party. The tape "There is no ford in the fire" became one of the first pictures about the life of an individual person as a feat. In the 60's - 70's Gabrilovich wrote a lot about the new hero, so there are pictures of "Monologue", "Strange Woman", "Re-wedding".

Creative heritage

The scenic heritage of Gabrilovich is about 30 films. Among them there are such undoubted successes as "Beginning", "Long road to yourself", "Two fighters". He happened to work with such outstanding directors as G. Panfilov, I. Averbakh, M. Romm, Yu. Raizman. In the last years of his life, Yevgeny Gabrilovich, whose personal life ended with the death of his wife in 1973, began to move away from publicity and again returned to writing prose. He moved to Matveyevskoe, to the house of film veterans, where he concentrated on thinking about his life and writing prose. His memories and arguments entered into two volumes: "His own, but not at all" and "The Last Book."

Pedagogical activity

Since 1962, Eugene Gabrilovich, whose biography has been associated with the cinema, begins to work in VGIK. He worked at the scenario faculty, participated in the selection of applicants. Gabrilovich always tried to help students find their way into the arts. He believed that he himself did not go his own way, because he wanted to be a prose writer, and he tried to save the youth from the same mistake.

Personal life

All his life Gabrilovich Evgeny Iosifovich, whose wife was a friend, assistant, critic, lived in the same marriage. With Nina Yakovlevna they were married in the mid-1920s and lived together for almost half a century. She believed that Eugene was in vain interested in cinema and stopped writing prose. The couple had two sons: Yuri and Alexei. But the eldest son died at the age of 14. Alexei became, like his father, a screenwriter. Yevgeny Y. Gabrilovich, whose family was a support and a rear, always followed closely the creativity of his son, but he tried not to criticize or interfere in his life.

Yevgeny Iosifovich died on December 5, 1993.