Foundation for houses made of expanded clay blocks: installation technology, varieties and reviews

Ceramsite concrete blocks in modern construction began to be used very often. This material has a relatively low weight, good strength, excellent thermal conductivity and low cost. However, given the specific features of such products, the question of which one to choose the foundation for a house made of expanded clay blocks is often asked by novice masters and even experienced builders.

General information

First of all, it should be noted that these types of blocks practically do not differ from other piece materials with the same dimensions. They fit on the typical grounds, and only with the use of piles it is necessary to make certain additions to the design. Therefore, in order to determine which one to choose the foundation for a house from expanded clay blocks, it is worth considering all types of these systems and determining their characteristics for certain types of structures.

Kinds of bases

In modern construction there are three types of foundations, which are used most often. They are great for working with this material and have a relatively small cost. However, if a foundation is created for a two-storey house made of expanded-clay concrete blocks, then it is worth taking a very careful look at this choice. Therefore, their features, scope and manufacturing methods will be further described.

Plate constructions

This type of base is perfect for small buildings. It is very easy to manufacture and at the same time the cost of erection will be minimal. However, it is very important to note the fact that such a foundation for a house made of expanded clay blocks should be made only on stable ground. It is also necessary to understand that this type of construction is chosen for single-storey houses, and in the manufacture it is meant the absence of a basement.

Manufacturing of plate foundation

The process takes place in several stages:

• First you need to prepare the soil. For this, the place under the base is cleared and slightly deepened.
• At the next stage, the ground is compacted so that the foundation under the house of claydite-concrete blocks has a solid foundation.
• Then they make a pillow made of sand and rubble. It should not protrude from the edges of the recess.
• Next, a small formwork is established and the fill is made over the entire area. Its height should be 10-15 cm.
• After the solution has solidified, reinforcement is made on the surface using metal structures.
• At the final stage, the screed is poured clean. It is possible to build on such a foundation only in a month, since this is the minimum time required for the concrete to completely solidify.

Belt constructions

It is believed that the ribbon foundation of the house of expanded clay blocks is the most reliable and practical. He is not afraid of soil movements, temperature changes and other external influences that other structures can not tolerate. In this case, this type of base allows you to create a basement room, which can be made warm. However, it is necessary to take into account the fact that for its manufacture it is necessary to plan large expenses and time.

It is worth noting that this type of foundation can be created both from concrete and using special blocks. The choice of a particular material depends only on the personal preferences of the customer and his financial capabilities. However, if it is planned to make a warm basement, then the use of blocks is more rational.

Manufacture of tape base

• To make a strip foundation under the house of claydite-concrete blocks, you first need to excavate the trench along the perimeter of the future structure. Its depth should be at least 80 cm. However, this parameter is best coordinated with the architect at the design stage. It directly depends on the technical characteristics of the building.
• In some cases it is worth digging a trench and under the interior partitions. If in the room there will be an oven or stair flights, this should be done at the place of their subsequent installation.
• Next, compact the soil and fall asleep on the bottom of a layer of crushed stone with sand. It should be about 30 cm high.
• The next step is to protect the future structure from the effects of moisture. For this, polyethylene film is laid on the walls of the trench. Some builders prefer to use ruberoid or other materials based on bitumen for these purposes.
• In order for the foundation for a single-storey house of expanded clay blocks to be strong, reinforcement should be carried out. Metal structures are laid in a trench, tying together a wire. Some experts for a bunch advise to use welding, but then the product will lose its elasticity.
• The next stage of the preparatory work involves the installation of formwork. Usually it is created in such a way that it rises above the ground to a height of about 10 cm. For this use sheets of plywood or boards.
• The foundation is poured using concrete. Usually apply the class B-15 or B-20.
• After pouring the foundation, you need to stay at least 20 days before your full hardening.

Piles

This foundation for a one-story house of expanded clay blocks is considered one of the most practical. It is easy to erect, the cost of construction is relatively small and it is possible to begin construction of the building right after installation. However, one should immediately mention that there are many types of piles that are designed for a certain type of soil and the corresponding construction of the building.

It should also be remembered that special equipment may be required to mount certain types of this material. Under the houses of expanded clay concrete, metal screw piles are usually chosen, which can be installed manually without resorting to special equipment.

Special attention should be paid to the fact that such a foundation can also allow the creation of a basement. However, this requires a special wiring around the perimeter with additional insulation.

Manufacturing of pile foundation

• First of all, you need to determine the size of the foundation of the house from expanded clay blocks. For this purpose, a special project is created, called the pile field. It shows the location of all the supports, indicating the distance from each other.
• If the house plans to install a stove or stair flights, then in the places of their installation also mounts to create a separate foundation.
• The next step is to level the territory. This is done not only for the convenience of subsequent work, but also for determining the level of future surfaces.
• Further it is necessary to drill holes in the ground at the places indicated in the pile field. The depth is measured based on the structural features of the supports themselves, which is usually indicated in the instruction manual.
• Then, using a special tool, the piles themselves begin to install themselves. They are screwed to a certain depth, which corresponds to the parameters of a particular product.
• When all piles are located in their places, you need to make them strapped. For these purposes, a metal channel is used, which is welded around the perimeter of the structure and in the area of the partitions.
• Then it is recommended to create a kind of armopoyas. To do this, make a small formwork, which is poured with concrete. This is where the blocks will need to be installed.
• Some masters recommend to perform a subsequent foundation sewing along the entire perimeter. It is best to use flat slate or metal profile. If necessary, it is possible to insulate the entire structure.

Tips and feedback from specialists

• Concrete and block bases should be protected from moisture. For this purpose, not only the construction is applied with special formulations or materials, but also special drains are made.
• If the house needs to organize the input of various communications that are supposed to be introduced through the foundation, then this should be done below the freezing level of the soil.
• After creating the foundation, it is necessary to create a waterproofing, which will separate the structure from the masonry. For this purpose it is better to use roofing felt or roofing felt.
• There are other constructions of bases, but the options presented in the article, according to the builders, can be considered the most practical.

Conclusion

Based on the above material, it can be concluded that the choice of foundation for the house of expanded clay blocks should be based on the size of the structure. It is important to take into account the depth of freezing of the soil, its mobility and the climatic component of a particular region. In some cases, the choice of the base depends on the personal preferences of the user, since it is influenced by the presence of a basement and installation sites in the house of heavy structures in the form of staircases or stoves.